Anatomy Ch 24-27

DONE

MOTHER F#####

What term describes different forms of a specific gene?

allele

Within spaces between the seminiferous tubules, the interstitial endocrine cells __________.

are responsible for the production of androgens

Which renal structure begins in the renal cortex and carries tubular fluid through the osmotic gradient in the renal medulla?

collecting duct

Contraction of which structure compresses the urinary bladder and expels its contents into the urethra?

detrusor muscle

Which of the following chemicals would probably be most effective in treating water intoxication?

diuretics

Which structure is composed of a layer of collagen fibers that covers the entire outer surface of the kidney?

fibrous capsule

The presence of which placental hormone (in blood or urine samples) provides a reliable indication of pregnancy?

human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

Which structure, exposed to the blastocoel, will form the embryo?

inner cell mass

Near the nipple, each lactiferous duct enlarges, forming an expanded structure called a:

lactiferous sinus

Which uterine structure provides much of the force needed to move a fetus out of the uterus and into the vagina?

myometrium

In which portion of the nephron and collecting system does the most reabsorption occur?

proximal convoluted tubule

Which structure filters the blood?

renal corpuscle

Formation of angiotensin I is triggered by ______.

renin

Increased sodium levels in the ECF result in which of the following outcomes?

stimulation of osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus

What is the function of the vasa recta?

to collect and transport water and solutes within the renal medulla in association with the juxtamedullary nephron

Which nitrogenous waste has the lowest concentration (mg/dL) in normal urine?

uric acid

Which statement regarding potassium balance is correct?

A key factor in the maintenance of potassium balance is the rate of potassium entry across the digestive epithelium.

Choose the correct statement pertaining to acid-base disorders.

Metabolic acid-base disorders result from the production or loss of excessive amounts of fixed acids or organic acids.

Regarding maternal nourishment after delivery, which is correct?

Oxytocin causes the contraction of myoepithelial cells in the walls of the lactiferous ducts and sinuses.

Which event correctly occurs under maximum ADH stimulation?

The DCT and collecting system become more permeable to water.

When the pH of body fluids decreases, which of the following are secreted in exchange for sodium ions reabsorbed in the distal convoluted tubule?

hydrogen ions

Which of the bulk minerals has the highest recommended dietary allowance (RDA), at 4700 mg?

potassium

Which structure surrounds the tip of the penis, attaches to the relatively narrow neck of the penis, and continues over the glans?

prepuce

During the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle, __________.

progesterone secretion by the corpus luteum stimulates endometrial growth and secretion

Cervical dilation is caused by which of the following placental hormones?

relaxin

Where in the female reproductive system does fertilization normally occur?

uterine tube

Which statement is true regarding fluid balance in the digestive tract?

All the water movement in the digestive tract involves passive water flow down osmotic gradients.

During water intoxication, dangerous symptoms result from water flowing

From the ECF into the ICF

Which characteristic is correct regarding a buffer system in body fluids?

It generally consists of a combination of a weak acid and the anion released by its dissociation.

During the dilation stage of labor:

the amnion ruptures late in the stage.

Regarding the factors of true labor:

the fetal pituitary releases oxytocin in response to estrogens.

In Klinefelter syndrome, __________.

the phenotype is male, but the extra X chromosome causes reduced androgen production

Which statement accurately describes responses to metabolic acidosis?

the respiratory response to acidosis involves lowering the PCO2.

Regarding the proliferative phase of the uterine cycle:

the uterine glands are manufacturing a glycogen-rich mucus that can be metabolized by an early embryo.

Brain cells get pressed against the skull, because

they absorb water

Which of the following statements is most accurate in explaining the value of the large numbers of sperm ejaculated to cause fertilization?

A single sperm does not possess enough acrosomal enzymes to penetrate the oocyte by itself.

Choose the correct event that occurs during the development of the testes.

Late in fetal development, each testis is pulled through the abdominal musculature into the scrotum

A secondary oocyte, not a mature ovum, is ejected from the ovary during ovulation. Oocyte activation brings about all of the following changes except:

an increase in stored nutrient levels of the oocyte

The nephron loops of juxtamedullary nephrons have an important function that other parts of the nephron do not share. What is this function?

establishing the concentration gradient in the renal medulla