Anatomy Ch.7 Axial skeleton

Which features are found only on thoracic vertebrae? A. Costal facets and demifacets B. Transverse foramina C. Spinous processes D. Vertebral foramina E. Laminae

A Costal facets and demifacets

The skull consists of__ cranial bones and __ facial bones A. 8;14 B. 7;12 C.10;12 D. 5;7 E. 9;11

A. 8;14

The primary curves of the vertebral column are also called accommodation curves while the secondary curves are also called ___ curves

Compensation

What is the approximate volume of the adult cranial cavity? A. 100-300 cc B. 500- 700 cc C. 1000-1200 cc D. 1300-1500 cc E. 1800-2000 cc

D. 1300-1500 cc

The portion of the mandible that forms the point of the chin is called the mental protuberance True or False

True

Though it does not articulate with any other bone, the hyoid bone is considered to be part of the axial skeleton True or False

True

There are three pairs of nasal conchae in the nasal cavity; the superior and middle pairs are part of the ethmoid bone, but the inferior ones are separate bones True or False

True

The __ forms the inferior portion of the nasal septum

Vomer

The vertebral column includes __ cervical __ thoracic ___ and __ lumbar vertebrae A. 5;12;7 B. 6;14;6 C. 7;13;4 D. 7;12;5 E. 6;13;5

D. 7;12;5

Which is NOT true about aging of the skeleton? A. Bone density decreases with age B. Articulating surfaces deteriorate with age C. Many bones fuse with age D. Bones mass increases with age E. No exceptions; all choices are true

D. Bone mass increases with age

Which is NOT a featire of the ethmoid bone? A> Cribiform foramina B. Perpendicuular plate C. Crista galli D. Inferior nasal concha E. Orbital plate

D. Inferior nasal concha

Which bone bears the mandibular fossa? A. Maxilla B. Temporal C. Zygomatic D. Mandible E. Frontal

D. Mandible

Which of these is NOT a paranasal sinus? A. Maxillary sinus B. Ethmoid sinus C. Sphenoid sinus D. Mastoid sinus E. Frontal sinus

D. Mastoid sinus

The incisive foramen and platine process are features of the A. Mandible B. Palatine bone C. VOmer D. Maxilla E. Temporal bone

D. Maxilla

Which bone bears the infraorbital foramen? A. Frontal B. Temporal C. Mandible D. Maxilla E. Zygomatic

D. Maxilla

The jugular foramen is located between the__ and __ bones A. Temporal; parietal B. Sphenoid; ethmoid C. sphenoid; occipital D. Occipita;; temporal E. occipital; parietal

D. Occipital; temporal

Which facial bone is shaped like the letter "L" A.Nasal B. Lacrimal C. Vomer D. Palatine E. Zygomatic

D. Palatine

The zygomatic process of the temporal bone and the__ process of the zygomatic bone form the zygomatic arch A. Zygomatic B. Maxillary C. Frontal D. Temporal E. Mastoid

D. Temporal

The thoracic cage includes A. The sternum, the clavicles, and 12 ribs B. The sternum, 12 thoracic vertebrae, and 12 ribs C. 12 thoracic vertebrae and 24 ribs D. The sternum and 24 ribs E.The hyoid bone, the sternum, the clavicle, and 24 ribs

D. The sternum and 24 ribs

Which is characteristic of a female skull, as compared to a male skull? a. Chin pointed and triangular B. Mandibular angle greater than 125 degrees C. Little or no prominence to superciliary arches D. External surface of occipital bone relatively smooth E. All of the choices are characterist of a female skull.

E. All of the choices are characteristic of a female skull

Which of these features is found in a lumbar vertebra? A. Pedicles B. Vertebral foramen C. Spinous process D. Vertebral arch E. All of the choices are correct

E. All of the choices are correct

Which cervical vertebra is also known as the vertebra prominens A. C1 B. C2 C. C4 D. C5 E. C7

E. C7

Which of these skull bones cannont be palpated? A. Frontal B. Temporal C. Occipital D. Parietal E. Ethmoid

E. Ethmoid

Which bones form the calvaria? A. Occipital and parietals B. Parietals and frontal C. Occipital, parietals, and temporals D. Occipial, parietals, and frontals E. Occipital, paritals, temporals, and frontal

E. Occipital, parietals, temporals, and frontal

Which is NOT a correct pairing of bone and feature? A. Occipital bone- foramen magnum B. Sphenoid bone- foramen rotundum C. Temporal bone- carotid canal D. Frontal bone- supraorbital foramen E. Parietal bone- mental foramen

E. Parietal bone- mental foramen

The spinal cord terminates at an opening in the sacrum called the A. Anterior sacral foramen B. Sacral canal C. Posterior sacral foramen D. Inferior sacral foramen E. Sacral hiatus

E. Sacral hiatus

The portion of the sphenoid bone that houses the pituitary gland is the A. Pterygoid process B. Pterygoid plate C. Greater wing D. Lesser wing E. Sella turcica

E. Sella Turcica

The vertebral processes that are most easily palpated along the midline of the back are the __ processes A. Transverse B. Inferior articular C. Superior articular D. Lamellar E. Spinous

E. Spinous

Which bones articulate with the zygomatic bone? A. Frontal, temporal, and maxilla B. Temporal and maxilla C. Temporal and parietal D. Frontal, parietal, and occipital E. Temporal, sphenoid, and maxilla

E. Temporal, sphenoid, and maxilla

Supraorbit margins with thick, rounded, blunt borders are characteristic of female skulls True or False

False

The seven bones that form the orbit are the maxilla, frontal, nasal, ethmoid, sphenoid, palatine, and zygomatic bones True or False

False

The tubercle of rib 4 articulates with the transverse costal facet of T3 True or False

False

Collectively, the hollow cavities in the maxillae, ethmoid, sphenoid, and frontal bones are called the___ sinuses

Paranasal

Developmentally, the vertebrae and ribs are formed by portions called____ that separate from the somites surround the neural tube, and become cartilaginous

Sclerotomes

The auditory ossicles are the malleus, the incus, and the __

Stapes

The immovable joints that from boundaries between skull bones are called

Sutures

Although the number can vary slightly, the number of bones in a typical adult skeleton is (use digits)

206

Each auricular surface of the sacrum is located on a(n) A. Ala B. Median sacral crest C. Sacral cornu D. Apex E. Spinous process

A. Ala

The calvicles articulate with the sternum at the __ notches A. Clavicular B. Suprasternal C. Cleidosternal D. Jugular E. First Costal

A. Clavicular

Which feature is unique to the axis? A. Dens B. Bifid spinous process C. Superior articular facet D. Transverse foramen E. Vertebral foramen

A. Dens

foramina in the skull serve as passageways for blood vessels, nerves, and other structures. Which of these foramina is covered by connective tissue in adults, and therefore does not serve as a passageway? A. Foramen lacerum B. Foramen rotundum C. Foramen Ovale D. Foramen spinosum E. Foramen magnum

A. Foramen lacerum

The__ suture is the articulation between the occipital bone and both parietal bones. A. Lambdoid B. Coronal C. Sagittal D. Squamous E. Frontal

A. Lambdoid

Which bones form the inferior margin of the orbit? A. Maxilla and zygomatic B. Frontal and sphenoid C. Palatine and sphenoid D. Lacrimal and ethmoid E, Zygomatic and sphenoid

A. Maxilla and zygomatic

Which part of the temporal bone includes the internal acoustic meatus? A. Petrous B. Mastoid C. Squamous D. Tympanic E. Styloid

A. Petrous

Which bone is NOT part of the facial complex? A. Temporal B. Mandible C. Zygomatic D. Maxilla E. Nasal

A. Temporal

Which curves of the vertebral column are present at birth? A. Thoracic and sacral B. Lumbar and cervical C. LUmbar and sacral D. Cervical and thoracic E. Lumbar and thoracic

A. Thoracic and sacral

Which is NOT a cranial bone? A. Vomer B. Frontal C. Occipital D. Temporal E. Parietal

A. Vomer

How many pairs of ribs articulate (directly or indirectly) with the sternum A. 7 B. 12 C. 10 D. 5 E. 24

A.7

As a person ages, the teeth wear down from use in a process called dental ___

Attrition

How many pairs of ribs are "floating ribs" that do not articulate with the sternum? A. 5 B. 2 C. 7 D. 12 E. 10

B. 2

The occipital condyles articulate with the A. Axis B. Atlas C. Dens D. Vertebra prominens E. Odontoid process

B. Atlas

What is the function of the nuchal lines? A. Attachment for dura mater B. Attachment for muscles and ligaments C. Passageway for cranial nerves D. Passageway for jugular vein E. Grooves for dural sinuses

B. Attachment for muscles and ligaments

The__ process of the mandible articulates with the temporal bone A. Alveolar B. Condylar C. Mastoid D. Temporal E. Coronoid

B. Condylar

The membranous sheets that connect developing cranial bones are called A. Sutures B. Fontanelles C. Intraosseous membranes D. Craniochondral articulations E. Ossicles

B. Fontanelles

Which of the cranial bone feature a squamous part? A. Occipital, temporal, and sphenoid B. Frontal, temporal and occipital C. Sphenoid and ethmoid D. Frontal, sphenoid, and temporal E. Occipial, parital, and ethmoid

B. Frontal, temporal and occipital

The__ provide passagways for spinal nerves to exit the vertebral column and travel to other parts of the body A. Vertebral foramina B. Intervertebral foamina C. Vertebral canals D. Articular facets E. Transverse foramina

B. Intervertebral foramina

Which of the spinal curves form when a child is about 12 months of age? A. Sacral B. Lumbar C. Cervical D. Thoracic E. Coccygeal

B. Lumbar

Which bone is NOT paired? A. Maxilla B. Mandible C. Lacrimal D. Nasal E. Zygomatic

B. Mandible

The superior portion of the sternum is called the A. Xiphoid process B. Manubrium C. Body D. Gladiolus E. Coccyx

B. Manubrium

The inner, gelatinous region of each intervertebral disc is called the A. Annulus fibrosus B. Nucleus pulposus C. Lamella D. Chondral ring E. Articular ring

B. Nucleus pulposus

Which cranial fossa supports the cerebellum? A. Anterior B. Posterior C. Middle D. Lateral E. Medial

B. Posterior

Which bone is unpaired? A. Lacrimal B. Vomer C. Inferior nasal concha D. Palatine E. Maxilla

B. Vomer

Which bone count is NOT correct for a normal adult human? A. 14 facial bones B. 7 pairs of true ribs C. 7 Lumbar vertebrae D. 6 auditory ossicles E. 8 cranial bones

C. 7 lumbar vertebrae

Developmentally, the most significant growth in the skill occurs A. Between the ages of 5 and 10 B. Between the ages of 10 and 15 C. Before age 5 D. Between the ages of 15 and 20 E. between the ages of 20 and 25

C. Before age 5

Transverse foramina are found in __ vertebrae A. Thoracic B. Lumbar C. Cervical D. Sacral E. All

C. Cervical

What is the correct order for the vertebral regions from superior to inferior? A, cervical- thoracic- sacral- coccygeal- lumbar B. thoracic- sacral- lumbar- cervica- coccygeal C. Cervical- thoracic- lumbar- sacral- coccygeal D. Thoracic- coccygeal- cervical- lumbar- sacral E. thoracic- cervical- lumbar- coccygeal- sacral

C. Cervical- thoracic- lumbar- sacral- coccygeal

Which bone is NOT part of the axial skeleton A. Malleus B. Sacrum C. Clavicle D. Atlas E. Frontal bone

C. Clavicle

Which of these bones does NOT contribute to the region known as the pterion? A. Frontal B. Sphenoid C. Occipital D. Parietal E. Temporal

C. Occipital

A perpendicular plate is a feature of the__ and ___ bones A. Palatine; lacrimal B. Ethmoid; sphenoid C. Palatine; ethmoid D. Nasal; lacrimal E. Maxilla; zygomatic

C. Palatine; ethmoid

Which bone bears the superior and inferior temporal lines? A. Temporal B. Occipital C. Parietal D. Frontal E. Zygomatic

C. Parietal

Which is NOT a function of the vertebral column? A. supporting the weight of the head B. Maintaining upright body position C. Passageway for cranial nerves D. Passageway for spinal nerves E. Protecting the spinal cord

C. Passageway for cranial nerves

What is the function of the cribriform plate? A. Permits air to enter the cranial cavity to cool the brain B. Provides large surface area for muscle attachment C. Permits passage of the olfactory nerves D. Forms part of the nasal septum E, Articulates with the atlas for rotational head movement

C. Permits passage of the olfacotry nerves

The sternal angle can be used as an anatomical landmark to identify the position of the A. Apex of the heart B. Jugular vein C. Second rib D. Trachea E. Hyoid bone

C. Second rib

The pterygoid spines and potic canals are features of the___ bone A. Ethmoid B. Temporal C. Sphenoid D. Occipital E. Frontal

C. Sphenoid

Of the four largest types of sutures in the skull, which are paired? A. Lambdoid and sagittal B. Lambdoid and squamous C. Squamous only D. Lambdoid only E. Coronal and squamous

C. Squamous only

Rib 1 articulates with vertebra ___ and the___ A. T1; body of the sternum B. T2; body of the sternum C. T1; Manubrium of the sternum D. C7; Manubrium of the sternum E. T2; Clavicle

C. T1; Manubrium of the sternum

Which is NOT true about development of the axial skeleton? A. The sternum forms by fusion of the sternal bars B. The parietal and frontal bones develop by intramembranous ossidication C. The sphenoid bone forms by endochondral ossification D. The vertebrae form secondary ossification centers at puberty. E. The ribs and clavicles form from schlerotomes.

C. The sphenoid bone forms by endochondral ossification

What is the location of the auditory ossicles ? A. Petrous part of temporal bone B. squamous part of temporal bone C. Tympanic part of temporal bone D. Auditory part of temporal bone E. Mastoid part of temporal bone

C. Tympanic part of temporal bone

The roof of the cranium is called the__ or skullcap

Calvaria

Which bone bears the greater and lesser cornua? A. Maxilla B. Stapes C. Hyoid D. Incus E. Mandible

Hyoid

Each vertebral arch is composed of two pedicles and two___

Laminae

Sutural (wormian) bones are most commonly found in the squamous suture. True or False

True

The "base" is the superior portion of the sacrum True or False

True

The crista galli of the ethmoid bone serves as a point of attachement for the falx cerebri of the dura mater True or False

True

The inferior articular processes of each vertebra articulate with the superior articular processes of the vertebra immediately cranial to it True or False

True