Anatomy: Chapter 26 Review

How many tetrads form during synapsis? a. 46 b. 4 c. 23 d. thousands e. hundreds

c. 23

Secondary spermatocytes each contain a. 23 single chromosomes. b. 46 chromosomes. c. 23 duplicates of chromosomes. d. twice the diploid number of chromosomes. e. 46 pairs of chromosomes.

c. 23 duplicates of chromosomes

The glandular tissue of the breast consists of separate lobes, each containing several secretory a. areolae. b. alveoli. c. sinuses. d. lobules. e. papillae.

d. lobules

Secondary sexual characteristics a. are usually apparent at birth. b. may develop in response to estrogen. c. may develop in response to testosterone. d. may develop in response to testosterone or estrogen. e. None of the answers is correct.

d. may develop in response to testosterone or estrogen

The principal hormone secreted by the corpus luteum is a. FSH. b. luteosterone. c. LH. d. progesterone. e. estrogen.

d. progesterone

Sperm production occurs in the a. ductus deferens. b. seminal glands. c. rete testis. d. seminiferous tubules. e. epididymis.

d. seminiferous tubules

When spermatogonia divide, the two daughter cells produced are a spermatogonium and a a. spermatozoon. b. Sertoli cell. c. spermatid. d. spermatocyte. e. sperm.

d. spermatocyte

The ________ ligament extends from the lateral surface of the ovary to the pelvic wall. a. tunica albuginea b. broad c. inguinal d. suspensory e. ovarian

d. suspensory

During meiosis I, in maternal and paternal systems, chromosomes fuse together during the process called ________ to form a ________. a. prophase I; chromatid b. synapsis; spermatid c. metaphase II; tetrad d. synapsis; tetrad e. synapsis; chromatid

d. synapsis; tetrad

The vulva includes all of the following except the a. labia majora. b. clitoris. c. mons pubis. d. vagina. e. labia minora.

d. vagina

The _____________ connect the seminiferous tubules to epididymis. a. inguinal canals b. straight tubules c. spermatic cords d. ductus deferentia e. efferent ductules

e. efferent ductules

The ________ carries fluid from the seminal gland through the prostate. a. corpora cavernosa b. ductus deferens c. efferent tubule d. ampulla e. ejaculatory duct

e. ejaculatory duct

The portion of the uterine tube that ends in fingerlike fimbriae is the a. ampulla. b. distal segment. c. proximal segment. d. isthmus. e. infundibulum.

e. indundibulum

What is the proper arrangement of the four structures listed below into the order in which sperm pass from the testis to the urethral meatus? 1. ductus deferens 2. urethra 3. ejaculatory duct 4. epididymis a. 4, 1, 3, 2 b. 1, 4, 3, 2 c. 4, 3, 1, 2 d. 1, 3, 4, 2 e. 4, 1, 2, 3

a. 4,1,3,2

Which of the following statements concerning oogenesis is false? a. About half the oogonia complete mitosis between birth and puberty. b. By the time of their birth, girls have already lost about 80 percent of their oocytes. c. Ova develop from stem cells called oogonia. d. An ovum completes its last meiosis after it is fertilized. e. Oogenesis begins before birth.

a. about half the oogonia complete mitosis between birth and puberty

A boy has a genetic mutation such that FSH is not produced, but LH is normal. After the boy grows to maturity, it is likely he will a. be sterile. b. not develop secondary sex characteristics. c. produce large amounts of inhibin. d. have impaired function of the interstitial cells. e. be impotent.

a. be sterile

The ________ consists of the follicle cells that cling to the oocyte after ovulation. a. corona radiata b. corpus luteum c. antrum d. zona pellucida e. egg nest

a. corona radiata

The ____________ is a layer of smooth muscle in the skin of the scrotal sac. a. dartos muscle b. raphe c. cremaster muscle d. rete testis e. tunica albuginea

a. dartos muscle

Secondary spermatocytes divide to produce ________ spermatids having ________ chromosomes each. a. four; 46 b. millions of; 23 c. four; 23 d. one; 46 e. millions of; 46

a. four; 23

The ________ is the rounded portion of the uterine body superior to the attachment of the uterine tubes. a. fundus b. body c. internal os d. cervix e. myometrium

a. fundus

At 8 months development in a male fetus, the testes a. have been pulled through the abdominal musculature into the scrotum. b. remain in the abdominal cavity.

a. have been pulled through the abdominal musculature into the scrotum.

Which region of the uterine tube captures the ovum? a. infundibulum b. anterior segment c. posterior segment d. isthmus e. ampulla

a. infundibulum

Testosterone is secreted by the a. interstitial cells. b. hypothalamus. c. adenohypophysis. d. nurse cells. e. suprarenal cortex.

a. interstitial cells

Fatty folds of skin that encircle and partially conceal the labia minora and vestibule are the a. labia majora. b. ampullae. c. fornices. d. vestibular arches. e. mons pubis.

a. labia majora

The breasts are attached to the chest superficial to the ________ muscle. a. pectoralis major b. serratus anterior c. subclavius d. rectus abdominis e. trapezius

a. pectoralis major

The organ that surrounds the urethra and secretes an antibiotic protein is the a. prostate gland. b. vestibular gland. c. Bartholin's gland. d. seminal gland (seminal vesicle). e. bulbourethral gland.

a. prostate gland

The nurse cells of the seminiferous tubules do all of the following except a. secrete testosterone. b. secrete androgen-binding protein. c. secrete inhibin. d. support spermiogenesis. e. maintain the blood-testis barrier.

a. secrete testosterone

What is the structure that ruptures during ovulation? a. tertiary follicle b. secondary follicle c. zona pellucida d. antrum e. All of the answers are correct.

a. tertiary follicle

A sample of a woman's blood is analyzed for reproductive hormone levels. The results indicate a high level of progesterone, relatively high levels of inhibin, and low levels of FSH and LH. The female is most likely experiencing ________ of the uterine cycle. a. the secretory phase b. menopause c. menses d. the proliferative phase e. menarche

a. the secretory phase

The male reproductive system is MOST closely associated with which of the following systems? a. urinary b. endocrine c. digestive d. muscular e. integumentary

a. urinary

Fertilization of an ovum usually takes place in the a. uterine tube b. ovary itself. c. uterus. d. cervix. e. vagina.

a. uterine tube

The pituitary hormone that stimulates the interstitial cells to secrete testosterone is a. ACTH. b. LH. c. ADH. d. GH. e. FSH.

b. LH

Which of the following best describes the mesovarium? a. an expanded funnels that opens into the pelvic cavity b. a thickened fold of mesentery that supports and stabilizes the ovary c. the inner lining of the uterus d. a layer of squamous or cuboidal cells that covers the ovary e. an extensive mesentery that encloses the ovaries, uterine tubes, and uterus

b. a thickened fold of mesentery that supports and stabilizes the ovary

Interstitial cells produce a. nutrients. b. androgens. c. sperm. d. androgen-binding protein. e. inhibin.

b. androgens

The organ that carries sperm from the epididymis to the urethra is the a. epididymis. b. ductus deferens. c. corpus cavernosum. d. ejaculatory duct. e. seminal gland.

b. ductus deferens

The ________ is the inner lining of the uterus. a. myometrium b. endometrium c. uterine lumen d. perimetrium e. germinal epithelium

b. endometrium

The ________ are fingerlike projections that capture the freshly ovulated ovum. a. uterine tubes b. fimbriae c. areolae d. polar bodies e. vesicouterine pouches

b. fimbriae

The ____________ is an opening through which the spermatic cord passes. a. seminiferous tubule b. inguinal canal c. efferent ductule d. infundibulum e. scrotal cavity

b. inguinal canal

Inward projections of the tunica albuginea, known as septa, divide the testis into a. straight tubules b. lobules c. seminiferous tubules d. rete testis e. the epididymis and the testis proper

b. lobules

The uterine phase that develops because of a fall in progesterone levels is the a. proliferative phase. b. menses. c. follicular phase. d. luteal phase. e. secretory phase.

b. menses

In a spermatozoon, activity in the ________ provides energy required to move the tail. a. lysosomes b. mitochondria c. Golgi apparatus d. nucleus e. endoplasmic reticulum

b. mitochondria

The surge in luteinizing hormone that occurs during the middle of the ovarian cycle triggers a. menopause. b. ovulation. c. follicle maturation. d. atresia. e. menstruation.

b. ovulation

The external marking of the boundary between the two testes is the a. dartos muscle b. raphe c. tunica albuginea d. spermatic cord e. acrosome

b. raphe

Which of the following occurs after a spermatogonium completes cell division? a. Fusion of diploid nuclei occurs. b. The daughter cell is directed toward the lumen of the seminiferous tubule. c. Gamete production accelerates. d. Mature spermatozoa enter the lumen. e. Spermiogenesis begins.

b. the daughter cell is directed towards the lumen of the seminiferous tubule

During the proliferative phase of the uterine cycle, a. the fertilized ovum implants. b. the functional zone of the endometrium is restored. c. the corpus luteum is forming. d. All of the answers are correct. e. None of the answers is correct.

b. the functional zone of the endometrium is restored

The main organs of the female reproductive tract include all of the following except the a. ovaries. b. urinary bladder. c. vagina. d. uterus.

b. urinary bladder

The vagina is a. lined by simple columnar epithelium rich in goblet cells. b. a muscular tube extending between the uterus and the anus. c. a muscular tube extending between the uterus and the external genitalia. d. another term for the cervix. e. similar to the inner lining of the uterus.

c. a muscular tube extending between the uterus and the external genitalia

The ________ of a sperm contains the enzymes essential for fertilization. a. neck b. flagellum c. acrosomal cap d. middle piece e. None of the answers is correct.

c. acrosomal cap

The main portion of the uterus is called the a. internal os. b. fundus. c. body. d. cervix. e. cervical canal.

c. body

The inferior portion of the uterus that projects into the vagina is the a. isthmus. b. fundus. c. cervix. d. body. e. fornix.

c. cervix

The paired erectile bodies in the penis are the a. membranous urethra. b. corpus spongiosum. c. corpora cavernosa. d. prepuce. e. penile urethra.

c. corpora cavernosa

The erectile tissue that surrounds the urethra is the a. corpus cavernosum. b. membranous urethra. c. corpus spongiosum. d. glans penis. e. penile urethra.

c. corpus spongiosum

A rise in the blood levels of follicle-stimulating hormone at the beginning of the ovarian cycle is responsible for a. menopause. b. ovulation. c. follicle maturation. d. menstruation. e. atresia.

c. follicle maturation

The funnel-like opening at the distal end of the uterine tube is called the a. ovary b. ampulla c. infundibulum d. isthmus e. external os

c. infundibulum

The opening connecting the uterus to the cervical canal is the a. ampulla. b. external os. c. internal os. d. uterine lumen. e. isthmus.

c. internal os

A mature follicle releases an ovum in response to a surge in a. oxytocin. b. progesterone. c. luteinizing hormone. d. follicle-stimulating hormone. e. estrogen.

c. luteinizing hormone

________ are the organs of milk production. a. Lactiferous ducts b. The pudenda c. Mammary glands d. Cowper's gland e. Bartholin's glands

c. mammary glands

The termination of the uterine cycle at age 45-55 is called a. menarche. b. basilar phase. c. menopause. d. menses. e. menstruation.

c. menopause

The thick muscular layer of the uterus is the a. endometrium. b. perimetrium. c. myometrium. d. uterometrium. e. None of the answers is correct.

c. myometrium

The ligament that attaches the ovary to the uterus is the ________ ligament. a. broad b. inguinal c. ovarian d. tunica albuginea e. suspensory

c. ovarian

The ________ is the outer lining of the uterus. a. myometrium b. germinal epithelium c. perimetrium d. uterine lumen e. endometrium

c. perimetrium

What is the function of gonads? a. transport gametes b. produce gametes c. produce hormones d. produce gametes and produce hormones e. none of the answers are correct

c. produce gametes and produce hormones

Menstruation is triggered by a drop in the levels of a. inhibin. b. LH. c. progesterone. d. relaxin. e. FSH.

c. progesterone

The ______________ is a fleshy pouch suspended below the perineum and anterior to the anus. a. raphe b. prostate gland c. scrotum d. rete testis e. bulbourethral gland

c. scrotum

Sperm develop from stem cells called a. spermatozoa. b. secondary spermatocytes. c. spermatogonia. d. spermatids. e. primary spermatocytes.

c. spermatogonia

The process of spermiogenesis produces a. spermatids. b. secondary spermatocytes. c. spermatozoa. d. primary spermatocytes. e. spermatogonia.

c. spermatozoa

Spermatids mature into spermatozoa by the process of a. meiosis. b. mitosis. c. spermiogenesis. d. spermatogenesis. e. capacitation.

c. spermiogenesis

The tough fibrous capsule that surrounds the testis is called the a. median raphe b. dartos c. tunica albuginea d. epididymis e. spermatic cord

c. tunica albuginea

The organ that provides mechanical protection and nutritional support for the developing embryo is the a. vagina. b. uterine tube. c. uterus. d. ovary. e. cervix.

c. uterus

The ________ is the region between the developing oocyte and the granulosa cells. a. egg nest b. corpus albicans c. zona pellucida d. antrum e. corona radiata

c. zona pellucida

The average length of the uterine cycle is a. 19 days. b. 35 days. c. 21 days. d. 28 days. e. 16 days.

d. 28 days

For erection to occur, a. the sacral spinal cord must be intact. b. nitric oxide must be present. c. there must be sufficient blood hydrostatic pressure. d. All of the answers are correct. e. None of the answers is correct.

d. all of the answers are correct

Interstitial cells a. produce testosterone. b. respond to luteinizing hormone. c. are found in the areolar tissue between the tubules. d. All of the answers are correct. e. None of the answers is correct.

d. all of the answers are correct

The clitoris a. is topped by a small erectile glans. b. engorges with blood during sexual arousal. c. is derived from the same embryonic structures as the penis in males. d. contains erectile tissue comparable to the corpora cavernosa of the penis. e. All of the answers are correct.

d. all of the answers are correct

The reproductive system includes a. ducts that receive and transport the gametes b. gonads and external genitalia c. accessory glands and organs that secrete fluids d. all of the answers are correct e. none of the answers are correct

d. all of the answers are correct

After ovulation, the ovary secretes a. luteinizing hormone. b. progesterone. c. estrogen. d. both estrogen and progesterone. e. luteinizing hormone, estrogen, and progesterone.

d. both estrogen and progesterone

Spermatozoa functionally mature within the a. seminiferous tubules. b. ductus deferens. c. rete testes. d. epididymis. e. seminal gland.

d. epididymis

Another term for vulva is a. accessory glands. b. vagina. c. labia. d. female external genitalia. e. gonads.

d. female external genitalia

On which of the following days would the level of GnRH be highest in a female? a. 3 days after ovulation b. 3 days before ovulation c. day of ovulation d. first day of menses

d. first day of menses

The ________ is the region of the vagina that surrounds the cervix. a. dartos b. fundus c. rugae d. fornix e. external os

d. fornix

The shallow recess that surrounds the cervical protrusion into the vagina is called the a. prepuce. b. hymen. c. pudendum. d. fornix. e. vestibule.

d. fornix

The ________ is the part of the sperm that contains the DNA. a. middle piece b. flagellum c. acrosomal cap d. head e. neck

d. head

Which structure(s) of the female reproductive system contain(s) glands that lubricate the vaginal entrance? a. uterus b. uterine tube c. gonads d. labia e. mammaries

d. labia

Which of the following is the function of the ovaries? a. secretion of inhibin b. secretion of hormones c. formation of immature gametes d. production of oocytes e. All of the answers are correct.

e. all of the answers are correct

Which of the following statements about the uterine cycle is true? a. It is ultimately controlled by GnRH. b. It often involves painful myometrial contraction. c. The first occurrence is termed menarche. d. It is skipped in pregnancy. e. All of the answers are correct.

e. all of the answers are correct

The pigmented skin that surrounds the nipple is the a. zona reticularis. b. peripapilla. c. fornix. d. zona pellucida. e. areola.

e. areola

The small paired structures at the base of the penis that secrete a thick, alkaline mucus are the a. Bartholin's glands. b. seminal vesicles. c. prostate glands. d. vestibular glands. e. bulbourethral glands.

e. bulbourehtral glands

The internal os connects the uterine cavity to the a. urethra. b. uterine tube. c. ovary. d. vagina. e. cervical canal.

e. cervical canal

The primary role of FSH in males is to a. stimulate the interstitial cells to produce testosterone. b. influence sexual behaviors and sex drive. c. develop and maintain secondary sex characteristics. d. stimulate the nurse cells to produce inhibin. e. initiate sperm production in the testes.

e. initiate sperm production in the testes

The production of milk is called a. menstruation. b. secretion. c. letdown. d. colostrum. e. lactation.

e. lactation

All of the following are true of the vagina except that it a. serves as a passageway for the elimination of menstrual fluids. b. forms the lower portion of the birth canal. c. holds spermatozoa prior to their passage to the uterus. d. receives the penis during coitus. e. loses a portion of its lining during menses.

e. loses a portion of its lining during menses

The special type of cell division required to produce gametes is called a. mitosis. b. capacitation. c. maturation. d. fertilization. e. meiosis.

e. meiosis

Sperm are moved along the ductus deferens by a. hydraulic action. b. ciliary action. c. hydrostatic force. d. suction. e. peristaltic contractions.

e. peristaltic contractions

The primary follicle develops from the a. granulosa cells. b. ovarian hilum. c. ovarian follicles. d. ovarian stroma. e. primordial follicle.

e. primordial follicle

Functions of the accessory glands of the male reproductive system include all of the following except a. propelling spermatozoa and fluids along the reproductive tract. b. activating the spermatozoa. c. meeting the nutrient needs of spermatozoa for motility. d. producing buffers. e. producing spermatozoa.

e. producing spermatozoa

Follicle-stimulating hormone a. is important only in females. b. stimulates maturation of primordial follicles in the ovary. c. stimulates the thyroid follicles. d. stimulates spermatogenesis. e. stimulates spermatogenesis and stimulates maturation of primordial follicles in the ovary.

e. stimulates spermatogenesis and stimulate maturation of primordial follicles in the ovary

The male gonad is called a. ductus b. scrotum c. epididymis d. spermatid e. testis

e. testis

During the menses, a. the corpus luteum is most active. b. secretory glands and blood vessels develop in the endometrium. c. a new uterine lining is formed. d. progesterone levels are high. e. the old functional layer is sloughed off.

e. the old functional layer is sloughed off

The space bounded by the labia minora is the a. hymen. b. isthmus. c. clitoris. d. fornix. e. vestibule.

e. vestibule