anatomy exam one
when hormones interact with target cells 3 things happen
1. maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base homeostasis. 2. promote growth. 3. regulate metabolic reactions.
decreased colloid osmotic pressure
A patient is suffering from liver failure and their liver is not producing enough plasma proteins. This will result in __________.
tachycardia
A very quick heart rate is called
Bradycardia
A very slow heart rate is called
left atrium
Blood returning from the lungs enters the
100 mm Hg
Calculate the mean arterial pressure (MAP) if the systolic pressure is 120 mm Hg and the diastolic pressure is 90 mm Hg.
80 milliliters
Calculate the stroke volume (SV) of a patient whose EDV is 140 milliliters and whose ESV is 60 milliliters.
thicker tunica media
Compared to veins, arteries have __________.
increased local perfusion
Dilating arterioles in a specific tissue will cause __________.
decreased; decreased
Hemorrhage would lead to a __________ preload and therefore __________ cardiac output
it will not change
How will the cardiac output change if you double the heart rate but reduce the stroke volume by one-half?
vasoconstriction and increased cardiac output
If the chemoreceptors detect a decrease in blood oxygen concentration, they will trigger __________.
15 mm Hg
Part complete Calculate the Net Filtration Pressure if the Hydrostatic pressure is 40 mm Hg and the Colloid osmotic pressure is 25 mm Hg.
right
The ---- side of the heart pumps deoxygenated blood into the pulmonary arteries
Ventricular repolarization
The T wave of an ECG corresponds to
Inferior
The apex of the heart is
vasodilation and decreased cardiac output
The baroreceptor reflex response to high blood pressure is __________.
left ventricle
The cardiac chamber with the thickest wall is the
pacemaker cells
The cells that rhythmically and spontaneously generate action potentials in the heart are called
sinusoidal capillaries
The leakiest capillaries, which allow large substances and cells to cross the capillary wall, are called ________________.
SA node
The main pacemaker of the heart is the
systemic circuit
The vessels that deliver oxygen to the tissues of the body are part of the
epicardium
The visceral pericardium is also known as the
isovolumetric contraction
Ventricular systole begins during the __________ phase of the cardiac cycle.
an artery empties directly into a vein without passing through a capillary bed
Which of the following describes an anastomosis?
low compliance
Which of the following does NOT drive venous return?
atria contraction
Which of the following happens immediately after the P wave?
feed arteries
Which of the following vessels dilates to cause hyperemia in skeletal muscle?
increased blood volume
Which of these changes will result in increased blood pressure?
epi
above, upon and over
electrocardiogram
an ----is a graphic recording of a person 19s heartbeat.
electrocardiograph
an ----is an instrument used to record a person 19s heartbeat.
inter
between
target cells
cells that have receptors for a particular hormone
endocrines
circulating hormones; hormones that diffuse into the blood and act on distant target cells.
cardi
heart
endocarditis
is an infection of the inside lining of the heart.
paracrines
local hormones; chemical messengers that act on nearby cells
autocrines
local hormones; chemical messengers that act on the same cell that secreted them.
myo
muscle
Hormones
organs of this complex system work by synthesizing and secreting chemical messengers
tachy
quick
gram
recording
brady
slow
mycardium
the ----- is mostly made up of cardiac muscle tissue.
endocartitis
the ----- is the outer layer of the heart wall.
inter ventricular
the ----- septum is located between the ventricles.
graph
to record