Anatomy Fill in the Blank
list and explain the three general functions of the nervous system
1. gathers information called sensory input 2. processes and interprets the sensory input and decides what should be done at each moment called integration 3.effects, or causes, a response by activating muscles or glands via motor output
the number of neurons involved in transmission of impulses in the autonomic nervous system is ______
12
there are _____ pairs of cranial nerves and _______ pairs of spinal nerves in the peripheral nervous system
12, 31
the disease that results from problems with the basal nuclei resulting in difficulties with voluntary muscle movements is called _____________
Huntington disease
___________ cells form the myelin sheaths around nerve fibers in the PNS
Schwann
Cells found in the CNS that cling to neurons and anchor them to blood vessels are called _________
astrocytes
_______________ reflexes include the secretion of saliva, changes in the size of our pupils, and digestion involve the activities of smooth muscles
autonomic
neurons with two processes, an axon and a dendrite, are structurally classified as __________ neurons
bipolar
one of the major functions of the pons is to control __________
breathing
cranial nerve III is known as the ________ nerve
calomotor
cerebrospinal fluid is formed from blood by the ________________
choroid plexuses
a __________________ is a type of traumatic brain injury that results in marked tissue destruction
contusion
the large fiber tract that allows communication between the two cerebral hemisphere is called the _______________
corpus callosum
the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus collectivity constitute the
diencephalon
the primary motor area, located in the ___________ lobe of the cerebral cortex, allows us to consciously control our skeletal muscles
frontal
one of the last areas of the CNA to mature is the ______________, regulates body temperature
hypothalamus
a functional property of nervous tissue called __________ is the ability to respond to a stimulus and convert it into a nerve impulse
irritability
the fissure in the brain that separates the two cerebral hemispheres is called the _____________
longitudinal tissue
the brain and spinal cord are protected and cushioned by three connective tissue membranes that are collectively called
meninges
the cell bodies of the _________- neurons are always located within the CNS
motor
support cells in the central nervous system are collectively called _______________
neuroglia
the gaps between Schwann cells found at regular intervals in peripheral system neurons are called ______
nodes of ranvier
the _____________ division of the autonomic nervous system is often called "rest and digest" division
parasympathetic
spinal nerves and cranial nerves are considered part of the __________ nervous system
peripheral
the hypothalamus regtulates the ________________ gland
pituitary
sensory receptors located in muscles and tendons are termed
proproloceptors
each spinal nerve divides into a dorsal and a ventral ___________
rami
the portion of the diencephalon that acts as a relay station for sensory impulses traveling to the sensory cortex is the _____________
thalamus
bundles of nerve fibers (neuron processes) running through the CNS are called __________, whereas in the PNS they are called _______________
tracts, nerves
the only pair of cranial nerves to extend to the thoracic and abdominal cravities is the ___________ nerves
vagus
