Anatomy Final

When we imagine a person exhibiting anatomical position, the palms of the hands are assumed to be facing ______.

Forward

What refers to all of the chemical reactions in the body.

Metabolism

What tissue conducts electrical impulses?

Nervous tissue

The process of bone formation is known as?

Ossification

What type of tissue can be simple or stratified?

epithelial tissue

What type of tissue has an apical (closer to the outside) surface and a basement membrane?

epithelial tissue

What type of tissue is common in glands and their ducts?

epithelial tissue

What tissue does protein junctions from cell to cell create a continuous sheet?

epithelium

What tissue has many glands such as sweat glands and salivary glands that are composed of this tissue?

epithelium

What tissue has one side of the sheet of cells that is embedded in a basement membrane of extracellular "glue"?

epithelium

What is superficial?

external

TRUE OR FALSE Diffusion occurs when molecules move against their concentration gradients.

false

TRUE OR FALSE Osmosis takes place when water goes from an area of low water concentration to an area of high water concentration.

false

TRUE OR FALSE Proximal means farther from the origin of a body part.

false

TRUE OR FALSE Tissues are made up of different types of organs.

false

What is distal?

farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk.

What joint category is joint created by the teeth and mandible or maxillary bones?

fibrous joint

What joint category is skull sutures?

fibrous joint

The body's ability to maintain stable internal conditions is referred to as ____.

homeostasis

The skin and its derivatives (nails, glands, and hairs) form the ________.

integumentary system

Where are mucous membranes found?

lining the inside of the stomach

Diffusion occurs because

molecules constantly move and collide with one another

Which membrane lines body cavities that are open to the exterior?

mucous

What tissue has contractile properties?

muscle

What type of tissue can be described as voluntary or involuntary?

muscle tissue

What type of tissue is specialized to contract and produce movement?

muscle tissue

What type of tissue can be found in the brain and spinal cord?

nervous tissue

What type of tissue has two functional characteristics that are irritability and conductivity?

nervous tissue

The passive process that involves the movement of water through aquaporins is

osmosis

What type of passive process which water is moved through aquaporins?

osmosis

The pleura and pericardium are examples of _______ membranes that cover organs in a body cavity closed to the exterior.

serous

What does the axial skeleton contain?

skull, true and false ribs, and vertebrae

The type of muscle found in the walls of hollow organs, such as the stomach, and the walls of blood vessels is _______.

smooth muscle

What type of active transport in which sodium and potassium are pumped across a membrane using ATP?

solute pumping

What bone is considered to a be apart of the axial skeleton?

sternum

The thoracic cavity is ______ to the abdominopelvic cavity.

superior

A _______ is a type of cushioning joint that allows limited movement and is found both in the symphysis pubis and in invertebral discs.

symphysis

Immovable joints are functionally classified as _________.

synarthroses

An epiphyseal plate is what type of joint, even though it is temporary?

synchondrosis

The _____ membrane lines the fibrous capsule surrounding joints.

synovial

Which of the following reduces friction in movable joints, such as the knee?

synovial fluid

What joint category is hinge joint, such as the elbow joint?

synovial joint

What is superior?

above

Articulations permitting only slight degrees of movement are _____, whereas articulations permitting no movement are called ______.

amphiarthroses; synarthroses

The study of the structure and shape of the body and its parts and their relationships to one another is called?

anatomy

Ventral is a directional term synonymous with ______ in humans.

anterior

What is ventral?

anterior

What orientation and directional terms have the same meaning (in humans)?

anterior and ventral

What type of tissue covers the epiphysis of bones of bones and reduces friction in the joints?

articular cartilage

What represents the chemical level of structure in the human body?

atoms

What is deep?

away from the midline

What is lateral?

away from the midline.

The skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage form the _______ skeleton.

axial

What is dorsal?

behind

The heart and blood vessels are the primary organs of the _____ system.

cardiovascular

What joint category is joint created by the intervertebral discs?

cartilaginous joint

What joint category is the joint created by the pubic symphysis?

cartilaginous joint

What is the smallest unit of all living things?

cell

What is proximal?

close to the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk.

What tissue binds and connects body parts?

connective tissue

What tissue matrix is usually abundant in this general tissue type?

connective tissue

What type of tissue can be classified as loose or dense?

connective tissue

What type of tissue can support, protect, and bind tissue together?

connective tissue

What type of tissue consists of living cells surrounded by an extracellular matrix?

connective tissue

What type of tissue contain collagen, elastic, or reticular fibers?

connective tissue

The only dry membrane is the _______.

cutaneous membrane

What type of passive process in which molecules move across the plasma membrane down a concentration gradient?

diffusion

Passive processes that move substances across membranes ______.

do not require ATP

What type of active process in which the cell engulfs extracellular substances by phagocytosis or pinocytosis?

Endocytosis

What tissue lines cavities, tubes, covers the body?

Epithelium

Groups of cells that are similar in both structure and function are known as _____.

tissues

What is medial?

toward the midline

The diaphragm creates a _____ section between the thoracic and abdominal body cavities.

transverse (cross)

TRUE OR FALSE Diarthroses have a greater degree of mobility and flexibility than synarthroses.

true

TRUE OR FALSE Survival needs include nutrients, oxygen, water and appropriate temperature and atmospheric pressure.

true

TRUE OR FALSE The intervertebral discs that cushion the spine and absorb shock are composed of fibrocartilage.

true