Anatomy Review Chapter 7

A major ascending tract in the CNS is the corticospinal tract. (t/f)

False

List the extrinsic muscles innervated by CN III and their function.

1, Superior rectus - up & medial 2, Inferior recus - down & medial 3, medial rectus- rotates medially 4, inferior oblique- up & laters

Cranial Nerve VII

Facial 1- anterior taste buds- sensory 2- motor- muscles of the face

After leaving the spinal cord via spinal nerves , the preganglionic fibers of the sympathetic nervous system synapse with chain ganglia extending longitudinally along each side of the vertebral column or with collateral ganglia. (t/f)

False

Damage to the median nerve results in a condition called Bishop's Hand. (t/f)

False

The preganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic division of the autonomis nervous system original in the cervical and sacral regions. (t/f)

False

There are 31 pairs of cranial nerves and 12 pairs of spinal nerves. (t/f)

False

Cranial Nerve XII

Motor - tongue Sensory- anterior

Cranial Nerve II

Optic- sensory- eye sight

Cranial Nerve V

Trigeminal- 1- opthalmis - sensory -cornia 2- maxillary- facial skin- sensory (around mouth) 3- Mandibular- motor- muscles of mastication

Damage to the tibial nerve results in the inability to plantar flex. (t/f)

True

Each spinal nerve divides into a dorsal and a ventral ramus. (t/f)

True

Sympathetic postganglionic fibers release norepinephrine and the preganglionic axon releases acetyocholine.

True

The brachial plexus is formed from the dorsal rami of C5-C8, T1. (t/f)

True

The collection of spinal nerves at the inferior end of the spinal cord is call the the cauda equina. (t/f)

True

The only cranial nerves composed entirely of sensory fibers are cranial nerves I, II, and VIII. (t/f)

True

There is no possibility of damaging the spinal cord below the third lumbar vertebra. (t/f)

True

Afferent nerves are called ____, and motor nerves are called ______. a. sensory nerves, efferent nerves b. motor nerves, sensory nerves c. cranial nerves, peripheral nerves d. peripheral nerves, cranial nerves e. mixed nerves, motor nerves

a, sensory nerves, efferent nerves

The nerve that contains sensory fibers that are involved in hearing is: a. cranial nerve VI b. cranial nerve IX c. cranial nerve III d. cranial nerve II e. cranial nerve V

a. cranial nerve VI

Muscles and glands are: a. effectors b. myelinated c. receptors d. part of the peripheral nervous system e. part of the central nervous system

a. effectors

The tree major parts of the brain stem are the: a. midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata b. cerebrum, cerebellum, and diencephalon c. thalamus, epithalamus, and hypothalamus d. dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater e. basal nuclei, pineal body, and choroid plexus

a. midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata

Which of the following is the correct sequence in a typical reflex arc: a. receptor, afferent neuron, integration center, efferent neuron, effector b. receptor, afferent neuron, efferent neuron, integration center, effector c. receptor, efferent neuron, integration center, afferent neuron, effector d. effector, efferent neuron, integration center, afferent neuron, receptor e. effector, afferent neuron, integration center, efferent neuron,receptor

a. receptor, afferent neuron, integration center, efferent neuron, effector

The gray matter of the spinal cord: a. surrounds the central canal b. surrounds the white matter of the spinal cord c. is made up of the dorsal, lateral, and ventral columns d. contains myelinated fiber tracts e. always carries sensory information to the brain

a. surrounds the central canal

The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are subdivisions of the: a. voluntary nervous system b. autonomic nervous system c. somatic nervous system d. central nervous system e. peripheral nervous system

b. autonomic nervous system

Which of the nerve plexuses serves the shoulder and arm: a. phrenic b. brachial c. sacral d. cervical e. lumbar

b. brachial

Which of the following effects is characteristic of the parasympathetic nervous system: a. increases metabolic rate b. decreases heart rate c. decreases activity of the digestive system d. decreases urine output e. stimulates sweat glands to produce perspiration

b. decreases heart rate

The elevated ridges of tissue on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres are known as ______ while the shallow grooves are termed _____. a. receptors, effectors b. gyri, sulci c.ganglia, gyri d.tracts, ganglia e. sulci, gyri

b. gyri, sulci

Sympathetic division fibers leave the spinal cord in the: a.craniosacral region, and the postganglionic fibers secrete acetylcholine b. thoracolumbar region, and the postganglionic fibers secrete norepinephrine c.craniosacral region, and the preganglionic fibers secrete morepinephrine d. throacolumnar region, and the postganglionic fibers secrete acetylcholine e. craniosacral regions, and the postganglionic fibers secrete norepinepherine

b. thoracolumbar region, and the postganglionic fibers secrete norepinephrine

The subarachnoid space lies directly between the: a. skull and arachnoid mater b. arachnoid mater and cerebrum c. arachnoid mater and pia mater d. arachnoid mater and dura mater e. arachnoid mater and cerebellum

c. arachnoid mater and pia mater

Loss of muscle coordination results from damage to the: a. cerebrum b. thalmus c. cerebellum d. midbrain e. hypothalmus

c. cerebellum

Which of the following represents the correct sequence from outermost to innermost layers of the meninges: a. pia mater, arachnoid mater, dura mater b. arachnoid mater, dura mater, pia mater c. dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater d. dura mater, pia mater, arachnoid mater e. pia mater, dura mater, arachnoid mater

c. dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater

Lobe that contains the primary motor area that enables voluntary control of skeletal muscle movements: a. diencephalon b. occipital lobe c. frontal lobe d. temporal lobe e. parietal lobe

c. frontal lobe

The blood-brain barrier is effective against the passage of: a.nutrients such as glucose b. alcohol c. metabolic waste such as urea d. anesthetics e. water

c. metabolic waste such as urea

Damage to this nerve results in "wristdrop" the inability to extend the hand at the wrist: a.axillary b. femoral c. radial d. obturator e. phrenic

c. radial

Which one of these effectors is NOT directly controlled by the autonomic nervous system: a. cardiac muscle b. smooth muscle c. skeletal muscle d. abdominal organs e. most glands

c. skeletal muscle

Collection of nerve cell bodies outside the CNS are called: a. nuclei b.nerves c.ganglia d.tracts e.tracts or ganglia

c.ganglia

The sciatic nerve is the largest nerve in the body resulting from a combination of which two nerves: a. pudendal and femoral nerves b. pudendal and tibial nerves c. pudendal and common peroneal nerves d. common fibular and tibial nerves e. femoral and tibial nerves

d. common fibular and tibial nerves

Which of the following is the correct sequence in connective tissue sheaths, going from outermost to innermost layer: a. epineurium, endoneurium, perineurium b. perineurium, epineurium, endoneurium c. endoneurium, epineurium, perinurium d. epineurium, perineurium, endoneurium e. perineurium, endoneurium, epineurium

d. epineurium, perineurium, endoneurium

The vital centers for the control of visceral activities such as heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, swallowing, and vomiting are located in the: a. cerebrum b. hypothalmus c. pons d. medulla oblongata e. midbrain

d. medulla oblongata

Preparing the body for the "fight- or-flight" response during threatening situations is the role of the : a. parasympathetic nervous system b. afferent nervous system c. cerebrum d. sympathetic nervous system e. somatic nervous system

d. sympathetic nervous system

The gap between two communicating neurons is termed: a. effector b. Schwann cell c. cell body d. synaptic cleft e. node of Ranvier

d. synaptic cleft

The substance that is released at axonal endings to propagate a nervous impulse is called: a. the sodium-potassium pump b. an ion c. an action potential d. nerve glue e. a neurotransmitter

e. a neurotransmitter

A neuron with a cell body located in the CNS whose primary function is connecting other neurons is called: a.afferent neuron b.glial cell c.efferent neuron d.satellite cell e.association neuron

e. association neuron

In contrast to the somatic nervous system, the autonomic nervous system: a. has centers in the brain and spinal cord b. stimulates its effector cells c. has two afferent neurons d. has both afferent and efferent fibers e. has two motor neurons

e. has two motor neurons

Sympathetic nervous system simulation causes: a. decreased blood glucose, increased GI peristalsis, and increased heart rate and blood pressure b. decreased blood glucose, decreased GI peristalsis, and decreased heart rate and blood pressure c. decreased blood glucose, increased GI peristalsis, and decreased heart rate and blood pressure d. increased blood glucose, increased GI peristalsis, and decreased heart rate and blood pressure. e. increased blood glucose, decreased GI peristalsis, and increased heart rate and blood pressure

e. increased blood glucose, decreased GI peristalsis, and increased heart rate and blood pressure

The cerebrospinal fluid: a. enters the four ventricles after filling and circulating through the subarachnoid space b. is identical in coposition to whole blood c. is secreted by the arachnoid villi d. is secreted mostly by the ependymal cells lining the brain ventricles e. is continually formed mostly by the choroid plexus

e. is continually formed mostly by the choroid plexus

Which of the nerves plexuses originates from ventral rami L1-L4: a. brachial b. sacral c. cervical d. spinal e. lumbar

e. lumbar

Cerebrospinal fluid circulates through all of the following EXCEPT: a. cerebral aqueduct b. lateral ventricles c. fourth ventricle d. subarachnoid space e. none of these

e. none of these

Spinal nerves exiting the cord from the level of L4 to S4 form the : a. lumbar plexus b. obturator plexus c. throacic plexus d. femoral plexus e. sacral plexus

e. sacral plexus

Cell bodies of the sensory neurons of the spinal nerves are located in: a. the ventral root ganglia of the spinal cord b. sympathetic ganglia c. the hypothalamus d. the thalamus e. the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord

e. the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord

The median nerve is formed from fibers from spinal nerves C6-C8. (t/f)

false