anatomy test 2 review chapter 17

End-diastolic volume (EDV) for each ventricle at the end of atrial systole is normally about: 50 ml. 70 ml. 25 ml. 120 ml.

120 ml

Place the following parts of the cardiac conduction system in the order in which they transmit the action potential. 1. atrioventricular (AV) bundle 2. Purkinje fibers 3. sinoatrial (SA) node 4. right and left bundle branches 5. contractile cells of cardiac muscle tissue 6. atrioventricular (AV) node 3, 1, 6, 4, 2, 5 3, 6, 4, 1, 2, 5 3, 6, 1, 4, 2, 5 3, 1, 6, 4, 5, 2

3, 6, 1, 4, 2, 5

The amount of blood remaining in each ventricle at the end of the ventricular ejection phase is normally about: 30 ml. 50 ml. 70 ml. 120 ml.

50 ml

Which wave on the electrocardiogram (ECG) represents ventricular depolarization? R-R interval P wave QRS wave T wave

QRS

The long length of the cardiac action potential, at 200-300 msec, allows for: less calcium ions to enter cells. a faster heart rate. an opportunity for the heart to fill with blood. a reduction in strength of the heart's contraction.

an opportunity for the heart to fill with blood

The P wave on an electrocardiogram (ECG) represents the depolarization of cells in the: atrioventricular (AV) node. ventricles. atria. sinoatrial (SA) node.

atria

Which valve is situated between the left atrium and left ventricle? aortic valve tricuspid valve pulmonary valve bicuspid (mitral) valve

bicuspid valve

Autorhythmicity in the heart is the responsibility of: skeletal muscle cells. smooth muscle cells. contractile cells. cardiac pacemaker cells.

cardiac pacemaker cells

The cusps of the atrioventricular valves attach to the papillary muscles via the __________. trabeculae carneae chordae tendineae intercalated discs Purkinje fibers

chordea tendineae

Generally, coronary veins empty into a vessel known as the: coronary sinus. inferior vena cava. aorta. superior vena cava.

coronary sinus

The electrical impulse is __________ as it passes through the AV node, which permits the atria to contract __________ ventricles. delayed; after accelerated; before delayed; before accelerated; after

delayed, before

The right side of the heart receives: deoxygenated blood from the pulmonary circuit. deoxygenated blood from the systemic circuit. oxygenated blood from the systemic circuit. oxygenated blood from the pulmonary circuit.

deoxygenated blood from the systemic circuit

Which of these terms is best defined an influx of positive charges, causing the resting membrane potential to become less negative, i.e., more positive? Hyperpolarization Depolarization Repolarization Voltage

depolarization

The visceral pericardium is also known as the __________. parietal pericardium endocardium epicardium fibrous pericardium

epicardium

From superficial to deep, the pericardial sac consists of the fibrous pericardium, visceral pericardium, parietal pericardium, and the epicardium. True False

false

There are two phases of the cardiac cycle in which all four heart valves are open: the isovolumetric contraction phase and the isovolumetric relaxation phase. True False

false

Coronary circulation involves the delivery of oxygenated blood to the: liver. brain. lungs. heart.

heart

The pulmonary circuit involves blood flow from the heart to the: lungs. body. liver. brain.

lungs

The heart is situated in the middle of the thoracic cavity in a region known as the: dorsal cavity. cardiac notch. mediastinum. pleural cavity.

mediastinum

Which of the following valves would be affected if papillary muscles and/or chordae tendinae stopped functioning? Pulmonary valve Aortic valve None of the answers are correct Mitral valve

mitral valve

The apex of the heart is __________. superior inferior posterior anterior

inferior

What characteristic differentiates cardiac muscle cells from skeletal muscle cells? intercalated discs striations excitability sarcoplasmic reticulum

intercalated disks

Unlike skeletal muscle action potentials, cardiac muscle action potentials __________. have a short refractory period begin with a rapid depolarization phase do not involve repolarization involve calcium voltage-gated channels

involve calcium voltage gated channels

Ventricular systole begins during the __________ phase of the cardiac cycle. isovolumetric contraction ventricular filling ventricular ejection isovolumetric relaxation

isovolumetric contraction

An insufficient mitral valve (bicuspid valve, or left atrioventricular valve) would allow the backflow of blood into the: left atrium. aorta. left ventricle. right atrium.

left atrium

Blood returning from the lungs enters the __________. right atrium left ventricle right ventricle left atrium

left atrium

Where should the left ventricle send blood? left atrium pulmonary trunk coronary sinus aorta

aorta

Which vessel supplies the systemic circuit with oxygenated blood? aorta pulmonary trunk superior vena cava coronary sinus

aorta

The cardiac chamber with the thickest wall is the __________. left ventricle left atrium right atrium right ventricle

left ventricle

The heart is located _________. inferior to the diaphragm in the mediastinum lateral to the lungs anterior to the sternum

in the mediastinum

When is the S2 heart sound heard? ventricular ejection phase ventricular filling isovolumetric contraction phase isovolumetric relaxation phase

isovolumetric relaxation phase

Which of the following is NOT a population of pacemaker cells in the heart? papillary muscles atrioventricular (AV) node Purkinje fiber system sinoatrial (SA) node

papillary muscle

What is found between the visceral pericardium and the parietal pericardium? fibrous pericardium the heart the lungs pericardial fluid

pericardial fluid

What do pacemaker cell action potentials lack? depolarization repolarization threshold plateau phase

plateau phase

Archie has a resting heart rate of 125 beats per minute. Classify his cardiac dysrhythmia. asystole tachycardia bradycardia heart block

tachycardia

Which wave on the electrocardiogram (ECG) corresponds with the ventricular filling phase of the cardiac cycle? S wave P wave S-T segment T wave

p wave

The cells that rhythmically and spontaneously generate action potentials in the heart are called __________. contractile cells atrial cells pacemaker cells ventricular cells

pacemaker cells

The AV valves close when __________. pressure in the ventricles decreases pressure in the atria increases pressure in the ventricles increases pressure in the aorta increases

pressure in the ventricles increases

What is the function of the valves in the heart? invert during contraction of the ventricles eliminate pressure variances within the heart promote contraction of the ventricles prevent backflow of blood through the heart

prevent backflow of blood through the heart

Blood that leaves the right ventricle enters the __________. aorta venae cavae pulmonary trunk pulmonary veins

pulmonary trunk

Which vessel is guarded by a semilunar valve at its base? coronary sinus superior vena cava pulmonary vein pulmonary trunk

pulmonary trunk

Which of the following does NOT return blood to the right atrium of the heart? coronary sinus superior vena cava pulmonary vein inferior vena cava

pulmonary vein

Which of the following vessels carries oxygenated blood? superior vena cava pulmonary artery pulmonary trunk pulmonary vein

pulmonary vein

What vessel(s) deliver oxygenated blood to the left atrium? pulmonary veins pulmonary arteries pulmonary trunk aorta

pulmonary veins

A damaged right bundle branch will prevent the passage of the action potential to the: atrioventricular (AV) bundle. atrioventricular (AV) node. Purkinje fibers in the right ventricle. sinoatrial (SA) node.

purkinje fibers in the right ventricle

Which of the following can be used to measure heart rate? S-T segment Q-T interval R-R interval P-R interval

r-r interval

Blood in the right ventricle arrived from the: bicuspid (mitral) valve. right atrium. pulmonary valve. pulmonary trunk.

right atrium

The main pacemaker of the heart is the __________. AV node Purkinje fibers SA node sympathetic nervous system

sa node

The vessels that deliver oxygen to the tissues of the body are part of the __________. coronary circuit conducting circuit pulmonary circuit systemic circuit

systemic circuit

What wave on the electrocardiogram (ECG) occurs during the ventricular ejection phase of the cardiac cycle? R wave T wave Q wave P wave

t wave

Which of the following happens immediately after the P wave? The ventricles relax. The ventricles contract. The atria contract. The atria relax.

the atrial relax

Predict the position of the valves during the ventricular ejection phase. The AV valves are forced open while both semilunar valves are shut. The AV valves are shut while both semilunar valves are forced open. The AV valves and semilunar valves are shut. The AV valves and semilunar valves are forced open.

the av valves are shut while both semilunar valves are forced open

What produces the "lub dub" heart sounds? the contraction of the atria, and then the ventricles the relaxation of the atria, and then the ventricles the vibrations of the ventricular and blood vessel walls when valves shut the sound of blood traveling through the heart

the vibrations of the ventricular and blood vessels walls when valves shut

Which of the following effects will one see if there is a right-sided heart failure (failure of the right ventricle to pump adequately)? Blood pH levels will increase There will be a backflow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium Blood will accumulate in the pulmonary capillaries There will be low levels of oxygen in the blood.

there will be a backflow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium

What valve prevents the backflow of blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium? tricuspid valve pulmonary valve aortic valve bicuspid (mitral) valve

tricuspid valve

The left side of the heart is often called the systemic pump due to blood flow to the body. True False

true

Both the left and right atria receive blood from: the ventricles. arteries. the lungs. veins.

veins

Blood from the systemic circuit returns to the heart via the __________. cardiac veins venae cavae pulmonary veins pulmonary arteries

venae cavae

The chambers that have just emptied when the second heart sound is heard are the __________. atria ventricles atria and ventricles coronary sinuses

ventricles

During what phase does blood flow from the ventricles into the pulmonary trunk and aorta? ventricular ejection phase isovolumetric relaxation phase isovolumetric contraction phase ventricular filling

ventricular ejection phase

The T wave of an ECG corresponds to __________. atrial repolarization ventricular repolarization atrial depolarization ventricular depolarization

ventricular repolarization