Ancient China Study Guide

Owner and pet

According to the teachings of Confucianism, which of the following is NOT one of the 5 Great Relationships?

filial piety

Ancestor worship in China was obviously related to the basic Confucian idea that children are obligated to respect their parents in life and to remember them after they have died. Which concept is most closely associated with the quotation?

irrigation

As the Huang-He valley flooded with great regularity, __________ and agriculture technology grew rapidly.

Confucius

Began in 500s BC Hoped to preserve order in society Attempted to establish a harmonious society Created a system of ethics for society Which individual was responsible for the Chinese social movement described in the text box above?

ancestor

Belief systems followed in the Shang Dynasty were worship of Shang Ti, polytheism, and ________ worship.

Confucius

Born during late Zhou dynasty. Hoped to restore peace and harmony in warring China. Trained young scholars to take government posts. Urged rulers to lead by examples with virtues and honor. Which individual is best associated with this list?

bronzes

Burials, especially for kings and the elite, were characterized by finely worked ______, pottery, jade and other grave goods.

the Yellow River

Chinese civilization developed around which geographical feature?

question the beliefs of Confucianism

Conflict at the end of the Han dynasty aided the spread of Buddhism in China as people began to ...

filial piety (respect for one's ancestors)

Confucianism taught __________, which was obedience to one's parents and grandparents.

teacher

Confucius lived in China during the sixth century BCE and is still respected today as a great____________.

philosopher

Confucius was an ancient ________________________ who urged leaders to rule with virtue in a time of political struggles in China.

government officials

Confucius was best known for his involvement in preparing scholars to take competitive examinations to become _____.

ethics

Confucius was responsible for the Chinese social movement by creating system of __________ in 500 B.C.

sheep

Domesticated animals raised by the Shang included pigs, dogs, ______, oxen, and silkworms.

The size of the country increased through military conquests.

How did China change over the course of the Han dynasty?

He advised rulers.

How did Confucius become involved in Chinese politics during his lifetime?

by advising political leaders

How did Confucius seek to change society in ancient China?

Mountains and desert kept China apart from other civilizations.

How did geography shape ancient Chinese society during the Shang Dynasty?

by monopolizing the iron and salt industries

How did the Han dynasty raise money to support its military campaigns?

It developed irrigation systems.

How did the Shang dynasty modify its environment in order to produce more crops?

to predict the future

How did the Shang dynasty use oracle bones?

by undermining public faith in Daoism and Confucianism

How did the collapse of the Han Dynasty help to fuel the spread of Buddhism throughout China?

Missionaries entered over the Silk Road.

How was Buddhism introduced into China during the Han dynasty?

They established an efficient system of taxes.

How were the Han able to maintain their large empire?

government

In ancient China, the teachings of Confucius have the most impact on _____.

jade

Inhabitants of the Huang-He valley were extremely advanced in their craftsmanship of bronze, _____, ceramic, and bone.

Confucianism

Know your place in society. Respect of parents and elders. Education is key to advancement in society. Which belief system is best associated with this list?

harshness

One of Qin Shi Huang's best-known characteristics was his _______.

afterlife

Qin Shi Huang had statues of chariots, horses, officials, acrobats, and musicians all made of terracotta to assist him in the ________.

legalism

Qin Shi Huang reinforced ______ within the Chinese administrative system.

commerce

Qin Shi Huang standardized China's weights and currency to allow for more unified ______.

emperor

Qin Shi Huang united China and became its first _______.

practical and ruthless

Qin legalism encouraged _______ warfare.

Yangtze

Southern Chinese civilization grew and developed around which major river?

government positions.

The Han dynasty began using civil service examinations in China in order to place people into....

Until their bloodline ended

The Han dynasty's government gave imperial princes, called kings, territories. How long did they have control over those lands?

Yellow River

The Huang He river is also known as the ________ ________

cradles of early civilization.

The Indus and Huang He (Yellow) rivers are both closely associated with...

weaknesses

The Qin disregarded military tradition in favor of exploiting their enemies' _______.

bronze

The Shang Dynasty developed metallurgy, with ______ being the metal most associated with it.

army

The Shang Dynasty had a powerful _____________ that remained effective over the course of generations.

pyramid

The Shang created a social ______ with the king at the top followed by the military nobility, priests, merchants, and farmers at the bottom.

cradle

The Yellow River is known as the_________ of Chinese civilization.

flooding

The ancient Chinese civilization of the Shang Dynasty grew around the Huang-He Valley, an area prone to _________.

Buddhism

The cultural diffusion of ideas along the Silk Road included the transmission of religious beliefs and practices, especially the religion of __________.

Standardized

The different currencies used throughout China were replaced with a _______________ monetary system under the Qin Dynasty.

developed on the banks of the Huang He, or "Yellow River"

The first civilization in China...

Shang

The following notes describe the achievements of which culture? mixed tin and copper to produce bronze ancestor worship the earliest known Chinese writing

civil service examinations

The teachings of Confucius formed a large part of the ____________ ___________ __________ during the Han dynasty in China.

Confucius

The terms Five Relationships and filial piety are most closely associated with which person?

Buddhists

The translation of __________ beliefs into Chinese by missionaries during the Han period was responsible for its spread.

Bronze Age

This period known as the ________ is assigned to the Shang Dynasty because the people of this period became experts in working with the material.

an enormous wall

To protect the northern borders of his empire, Qin Shi Huang built ________.

large, efficient army

Under Qin rule, China had a __________ with capable generals, devoted to defense.

the construction of roads

Under the Qin dynasty, the military was strengthened by which of the following?

C

Use the map to answer the question. Which letter on the map shows where the Shang dynasty was located?

oracle bone

What Shang dynasty artifact is shown in the picture?

Silk Road

What development increased the wealth of the Han dynasty in China?

It had developed in a foreign land.

What hindered the spread of Buddhism during the Han dynasty in ancient China?

Wudi set up schools for studying Confucianism and hired Confucian officials.

What impact did Confucianism have on the Han government while Wudi was in control?

to show people how to live with integrity

What is the objective of education according to Chinese philosopher Confucius?

Lead by example.

What message did Confucius have for leaders in ancient China?

ancestor worship

What religious practice developed during the Shang dynasty?

to stop attacks by northern nomads

What was the purpose of the Great Wall built during the Qin Dynasty?

It was initially welcomed by the court and tolerated by the government.

What was the royal Han court's reaction to the introduction of Buddhism to China?

Confucius

What you do not wish for yourself, do not do to others. Which individual is most closely associated with this belief?

soldiers

When Qin Shi Huang's tomb was found, it contained thousands of _________ made from terracotta clay.

near the Huang He River

Where was the Shang dynasty located?

large imperial bureaucracy

Which best describes the government of the Han dynasty in China?

Daoism/Taoism

Which indigenous Chinese tradition that helped spread Buddhism was similar to Buddhism because of its focus on meditation?

Confucius

Which individual is best associated with stressing the importance of promoting a peaceful society based on key relationships?

creating a standard language

Which of the following achievements occurred under the Qin dynasty?

The army became extremely strong.

Which of the following best describes a result of legalism in the Qin dynasty?

They defeated six other Chinese states in battle.

Which of the following best describes how the Qin dynasty leaders gained control of China?

focus on civil service examinations

Which of the following best serves as evidence for Confucius' influence regarding social mobility in ancient China?

The Qin leader declared himself the First Emperor of China.

Which of the following happened as the Qin dynasty was being established?

The best way of life is based on respect and loyalty in relationships.

Which of the following ideas is reflected in the teachings of Confucius?

balance of yin and yang

Which of the following is a central belief of Taoism?

peace and harmony

Which of the following is emphasized by both Chinese philosophies of Taoism and Confucianism?

It was very strict.

Which of the following statements best describes the government of the Qin dynasty?

It put in place a single system of measurement.

Which of the following statements is true about the Qin dynasty?

expanding the empire by conquering additional territory

Which of the following was a military achievement of the Qin dynasty?

bronze metal

Which of these did expert craftsmen most often use during the Shang dynasty to create religious vessels and military weapons?

Sacred texts were translated into Chinese.

Which of these helped the spread of Buddhism during the Han dynasty in ancient China?

paper making

Which of these was developed by a Han dynasty official?

lack of order

Which problem did the teachings of Confucius try to address during the Zhou dynasty?

Buddhism

Which religion started in India and spread to China through the Silk Road?

People should live in harmony with nature.

Which statement best describes Taoism's view about people and nature?

Their followers can also practice different faiths.

Which statement best describes how Confucianism and Taoism are related to other traditions?

He suggested that their positions came with duties they must observe properly.

Which statement best describes how Confucius tried to advise leaders in ancient China?

Their power was reduced.

Which statement best describes how nobles were treated during the Qin dynasty?

The empire was divided into 36 main units.

Which statement best describes the Qin dynasty government?

It was the first recorded dynasty in Chinese history.

Which statement best describes the Shang dynasty?

opposing forces that work in harmony

Which statement best describes yin and yang as part of Taoist beliefs?

It established the first organized Chinese state.

Which statement most accurately describes the origin of Chinese civilization during the Shang dynasty?

bronze spear

Which type of military equipment was used during the Shang dynasty?

It helps people learn how best to behave.

Why did Confucius consider ritual to be important in society?

He believed the most intelligent people can help transform a society.

Why did Confucius devote much of his life training scholars to take government posts?

He wanted a society based on natural morality in which people would follow laws because they were virtuous.

Why did Confucius feel the need to create a set of ethical and legal principles for rulers?