Ancient Egypt Unit Test

3 Seasons in Egypt

Anket was the first of the three seasons. Anket was the flooding season. Peret was the second of the third seasons. It was the Growing Season. Shemu was the last of the three seasons. It is the Harvesting Season.

Early Dynastic Period

Began when King Menes united Upper and Lower Egypt. The capital city was Memphis. The invention of the Egyptian calendar and hieroglyphics.

Tutankhamen's legacy

He was known as the "boy king". He ascended the throne when he was nine years old and died about 10 years later. He undid his father's attempt to make Egypt a monotheistic society.

Ramses II's legacy

Known as "Ramses the great" as many pharaohs were named after him were ruled in honor. He was the 2nd longest serving pharaoh in Egyptian History. Renowned for his Military leadership: fearless soldier from a young age, captain in the Egyptian army by the age of 10. Signed the world's first peace treaty with the Hittite Empire. He built hundreds of statues of himself. His most famous monument is his temple complex at Abu Simbel.

Hatshepsut's legacy

She was one of the first female pharaohs. She would wear mens clothes and a pharaonic beard and gain respect. Encouraged trade with other countries which increased the wealth and power of Egypt. She built a spectacular monument called the Great Temple at Dayr al-Bahri. She would spread rumors that her dad was a god, which furthered her acceptance as a female pharaoh.

Mummification Process

The Egyptian first removed the brain, then they took a medal hook and stuck it up there nose to break the brain into pieces. Next, they would remove internal organs and put them in jars. Then they would drain all the liquids out of the pharaoh's body.Then they would pack the body with Natron (salt) then they would wait 40 days for the Natron to dry out. Then after 40 days, they would remove the Natron. Then they would cover the body with resin. Then they would wrap it up. After wrapping up the body twice they would put the body in a case

Hieroglyphics

There were two different Hieroglyphs. One was ________ and the other was hieract script. Hieract script was used for everyday writing. __________ was used for more formal writing. For example writing to a pharaoh.

Late Dynastic Period

This period of many foreign invaders: Jushites, Assyrians, Persians, Greeks, and Romans. Alexander the Great of Macedonia (Greece) conquered Egypt. Eventually Egypt became a Roman Colony.

Old Kingdom

Was known as "Age of the Pyramids". Pharaoh Khufu constructs the Great Pyramid near Giza. The period ended as the Egyptian government lost power and a period of chaos and a famine spread

New Kingdom

Was known as "Empire Age" or "Golden Age". Egyptians adopted this new technology and defeated the Hyksos and took back power. Important pharaohs during this time was Hatshesput, Akhenaten, Tutankhamun, and Ramses II. Eventually Egypt grew weak and was invaded by numerous people who took power.

Middle Kingdom

Was known as "Period of Reunification". The capital was restablished in Thebes as Egyptian Empire had spread south. Pharaoh Sunurest I created a flourish of art, literature, architecture, and education. The period ended because Hyksos conquered Egypt with new technology, e.g., horse-drawn chariots, swords, and metal armor.

The Valley of the Kings

Where the Egyptians buried the dead pharaohs after they buried them in Pyramids. Once a pharaoh died, a Egyptian would bury him or her in the valley which is now called ___________________. Before they buried him or her in the valley, they buried them in pyramids but then stopped because they wanted to lower the robberies.

Khufu's legacy

______ is known as "the pyramid builder" or "the great builder". He built the Great Pyramid of Giza which is one of the 7 Ancient Wonders of the world. He declared himself as god. He helped establish the role of the pharaohs as a central authority by overseeing the harvest, storing extra food, and controlling a large network of government officials.

Senurset I's legacy

_________ known as the "Pharaoh of the Arts". He was a strong leader who ruled a stable and unified Egypt. Art, literature, and architecture flourished during his rule. Craftspeople made beautiful jewelry from gold, copper, and gems. Egyptian literature was written including the story of Sinuhe. _____________ built and improved many temples, shrines, and religious monuments including his most famous piece, the White Chapel, which was made out of alabaster and wrapped in gold.

Connection between Howard Carter and King Tut

_____________ uncovered King Tut's tomb. The tomb held most of the King's treasures found to date.

Rosetta Stone

_______________ is black, housed in the British Museum, Possibly basalt slab with three different languages on it, Greek, demotic and hieroglyphs. Because of the three different languages Pierre Francios-Xavier Bouchards understood what __________ meant.

Menes/Narmer's legacy

_______________ was the first pharaoh ever. He united Upper and Lower Egypt when he conquered lower Egypt. He built his Capital city where Upper and Lower Egypt met, Memphis. He gained a lot of farmland.

Horus

was shown as a falcon and known as a sky god. He was the son of Osiris and Isis. ______ lost his eye fighting Seth after Seth killed his father. He was believed to give power to each pharaoh.

Amun Ra/Re

was shown as a falcon with a sun on his head. He was the god of creation. Ancient Egyptians believed that he created the world and that the sun was a symbol of creation and renewal

Osiris

was shown as a human. He was killed by his brother Seth who was jealous and wanted to be in his place as king. His wife found him and brought him back to life. was the god of the Underworld. All pharaohs became an _______ when they died.

Anubis

was shown as a jackal or a wild dog. _______ was the god of funerals and death. He was often painted on the walls of the tombs as he was thought to protect the dead. He was also supervised embalming and was believed to have embalmed Osiris