ANTH 101 Quiz #11
Which of these tools indicates that H. sapiens began eating a new type of food?
harpoon
What does the Multiregional Continuity model of the origin of modern humans state?
Gene flow is the key to evolution, turning archaic H. sapiens into modern humans in various parts of the world. FEEDBACK: Modern Homo sapiens - Single Origin and Global Dispersal or Regional Continuity? The Multiregional Continuity model argues for multiple locations of modern human origins and substantial amounts of interbreeding between neighboring populations.
What does the wear pattern on the teeth of this Shanidar 1 Neandertal indicate?
He used his teeth like a third hand.
When they were first found, Neandertals were depicted as stupid, hairy, knuckle-dragging brutes. What evidence refutes this depiction?
the large brain size of Neandertals FEEDBACK: Late Archaic Homo sapiens. Neandertals were very similar to modern humans, including their very large brain sizes. They likely also could speak, took care of the sick and injured, and buried their dead, all of which refutes the idea that Neandertals were dumb brutes.
What does the Assimilation model of the origin of modern humans state?
Modern humans evolved in Africa and spread to Europe and Asia, where they interbred with Neandertals. FEEDBACK: Assimilation Model for Modern Human Variation - Neandertals Are Still with Us. Like the Out-of-Africa model of human origins, the Assimilation model argues that Africa was the only place that modern humans arose. Unlike the Out-of-Africa model, however, the Assimilation model contends that there was interbreeding between archaic and modern humans.
A valid critique of the Multiregional Continuity model of the origin of modern humans can be found in the fossil record based on which of the following?
Modern variation originated in Africa based on the Herto skeleton.
While watching a television program on Neandertal origins, you hear the molecular geneticist Matthias Krings state that mtDNA analysis found that two dozen base pairs were different between Neandertals and anatomically modern humans, indicating we are not related to Neandertals. Your roommate asks you if this is true. What would be a correct response?
The mtDNA analysis is true, but testing of nuclear DNA has found some similarities between Neandertals and modern humans. FEEDBACK: Ancient DNA - Interbreeding between Neandertals and Early Modern People? Although mtDNA analysis has found that Neandertals and modern humans are not closely related, mtDNA reflects only a small portion of the genome. Analysis of the nuclear DNA of one Neandertal individual, on the other hand, has shown some overlap with modern DNA, indicating there was gene flow between the two groups. Until more mtDNA and nuclear DNA analyses are done, however, we will not know for sure how much gene flow was present.
What is a valid critique of the Out-of-Africa model of human evolution based on recent research?
There was gene flow between Neandertals and modern Homo sapiens. FEEDBACK: Assimilation Model for Modern Human Variation - Neandertals Are Still with Us. The latest genetic evidence suggests that there was gene flow between Neandertals and anatomically modern humans in Europe. The Out-of-Africa model does not include gene flow between geographically separate populations as an explanation for evolution of modern humans, so this recent finding means that the Out-of-Africa model is not a perfect explanation.
What does the Out-of-Africa model of modern human origins state about modern humans?
They spread from Africa and replaced all other populations with no gene flow. FEEDBACK: Modern Homo sapiens - Single Origin and Global Dispersal or Regional Continuity? The Out-of-Africa model suggests a single location (Africa) for the origin of modern humans. A key feature of this model is that there was no interbreeding between modern humans and archaic humans.
What has the "Hobbit" skeleton found on the Indonesian island of Flores been interpreted to be?
a new species based on its small brain and body size
Neandertal remains from Shanidar cave in northern Iraq provide the first evidence of which of the following?
care for the injured FEEDBACK: Late Archaic Homo sapiens. The various injuries sustained by this individual attest to the notion that others must have cared for and assisted him, as many of his injuries would have prevented him from carrying out daily activities.
Neandertals were well adapted to cold, owing to body changes including which of the following?
large, wide noses
What does this cave wall in Chauvet, France, show?
that early modern Homo sapiens were creating art as early as 30,000 years ago
Which of the following is a location where Neandertal remains have been recovered?
Krapina, Croatia
Where were the earliest modern humans in Australia, dating to 50 to 40,000 yBP, found?
Lake Mungo
Modern H. sapiens differ from the archaic form in having which of the following?
a high, vertical forehead
Based on this map of the location of important archaic Homo sapiens fossils, which of the following is true?
The crania from India and Indonesia are similarly large and robust. FEEDBACK: Early Archaic Homo sapiens. All of the Homo sapiens fossils in these photographs appear to be of the same species, but there are clear regional variations. For example, the Indian and Indonesian skulls are more similar to one another than to those from Africa and Europe. More and better preserved fossils have come from Africa and Europe, possibly because of a longer tradition of paleoanthropological work in these areas compared to Asia.
Approximately when did modern humans migrate to North America?
15,000 yBP
Which feature of Neandertals made them different from archaic H. sapiens?
their cold-adapted bodies FEEDBACK: Late Archaic Homo sapiens. Neandertals were likely able to speak, were the first to intentionally bury their dead, and had a very large cranial capacity. What set them apart from other archaic Homo sapiens was their morphology, which was distinctly cold-adapted.
How did modern humans likely migrate to the Americas?
walking across the Bering land bridge