ANTH 111 Final

Which example illustrates the principle of exogamy?

A Yanomamo individual marrying someone who belongs to a different lineage.

Which of the following is not an example of magic?

A fisherman using the same net each time he fishes.

Which is an example of a rite of intensification?

A funeral

Contemporary ethnography has been impacted by globalization:

All of the above

Culture is:

All of the above

Rituals are:

All of the above

Which exemplifies the concept of culture as symbolic?

All of the above

Which is correct?

All of the above

Which statement is true?

All of the above

Applied Anthropologists:

All of the above.

Which is a result of globalization?

All of the above.

Which statement regarding language is true?

All of the above.

Dr. Bauer conducts research in which countries?

Ecuador and Peru.

Based on our discussion of ethics and fieldwork, in your own words, what are some of the major ethical considerations associated with conducting ethnographic research?

Ethical considerations include those of the American Anthropological Association, the personal ethics of the researcher, and the ethics of the host community. Anthropologists should strive to maintain good relations with the host community and to limit having a negative impact on the community. Ultimately, the well being of consultants is of utmost importance.

A residence associated with the family of the groom is known as a patrilineal residence.

False

All cultures recognize only two gender categories.

False

Clans tend to be smaller and exhibit less continuity than lineages.

False

Culture shock is not common for anthropologists.

False

Displacement refers to the ability to change linguistic forms dependent upon context.

False

Ethnographic research can be conducted in a short period of time with limited effort by passing out surveys and having limited interaction with consultants.

False

Map-making is rarely used by cultural anthropologists because it is extremely time consuming and provides little benefit.

False

Matrilineal descent is the most common form of descent.

False

Matrilocal residence is the most common form of residence in the United States.

False

Monogamy is the most common marriage practice world wide.

False

Race is based on clearly defined biological parameters.

False

Sexual dimorphism refers to cultural different standards of gender.

False

The U.S. Census reflects fixed racial categories.

False

The best way to understand a culture is to focus specifically on cultural ideals.

False

Hypodescent is a common in the United States. Which best exemplifies the concept of hypodescent?

Former President Barack Obama is widely recognized as the US's first African American president even though his mother was Caucasian

Which is correct?

Gender is flexible and categories of gender are socially/culturally constructed.

Skin color:

Indicates ancestry

Which is not a characteristic of all economic systems?

Individualism

All of the following words have the same meaning: libro, livre, livro, aklat, buch. Which are cognates?

Livro, livre, libro.

Which statement accurately reflects our discussion of marriage and kinship?

Marriage is a culturally defined institution that varies from one society to another.

As an anthropologist you are studying how first generation Chinese immigrants experience their new lives in the United States. In order to do this you spend time conducting research in New York, Chicago, Dallas, and San Francisco. Your research is:

Multi-sited

Why is Type Two Diabetes particularly high amongst Native Americans?

Native Americans have experienced dramatic diet and lifestyle changes that lead to high rates of obesity and Type Two Diabetes.

Which group is associated with the practice of bride wealth?

The Nuer.

This hypothesis states that language and culture are intimately related.

The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis.

_____________________________ is the geological epoch that begins with domestication at approximately 12,000 years ago and that is defined by pollution, climate change, deforestation, extinction, and an overall significant human impact on the environment.

The anthropocene

Globalization refers to:

The intensifying flow of people, ideas, goods, and capital that is facilitated by technology.

Which exemplifies neoliberalism?

The lifting of trade restrictions and regulations and the opening up of global markets.

The term phenotype refers to:

The physical traits of an organism.

Which example illustrates best the concept of cultural imperialism?

The presence of KFC, ESPN, and Facebook in China, Peru, and India.

All languages function to convey meaning.

True

Anthropologists that focus on the examination of past cultures through looking at material remains are known as archaeologists.

True

Applied anthropology is associated with its own unique set of ethical concerns beyond those associated with academic anthropology.

True

Changes in culture can have a significant impact on biology.

True

Cultural differences are largely due to different ways of addressing basic human needs.

True

Cultural imperialism is linked to a history of colonialism.

True

Dark skin color is an adaptation to equatorial areas with high exposure to UV radiation.

True

Development projects often fail because they are incompatible culturally and/or economically.

True

Learning the native language is an important component of ethnographic research.

True

Many of the world's languages are near extinction.

True

Participant observation is a key method associated with ethnographic fieldwork.

True

Pastoralism is associated with tribalism, social stratification, and loose social organization.

True

Race has significant social/cultural implications.

True

Race is a form of folk taxonomy that has significant social and cultural meanings

True

Religion is a cultural universal.

True

Religions change as a result of cultural contact and it is common for syncretic religious traditions to form where two distinct religious forms come into contact with one another.

True

The belief in and use of magic are most common in times of uncertainty where human control over worldly events is limited.

True

You are an anthropologist studying political imagery as it relates to culture. As part of your research you interview people about their perceptions of political images. This is an example of:

Visual Anthropology

Which is the best example of achieved status?

a "Big-Man" in a tribal society.

Religion is best defined as:

a belief in the supernatural that is used to explain things beyond explanation.

Anthropology is:

a holistic discipline that dates back to the mid to late 19th century.

A diachronic study of language refers to:

a study of language from a historical perspective.

A small scale society where knowledge is generalized and each individual reflects the whole is referred to as:

an organic society.

Band societies:

are characterized by small group size, egalitarianism, and mobility.

Tribal societies are:

characterized by social differences based on rank.

People who experience a ritual together likely to establish a close connection referred to by anthropologists as:

communitas

The spread of ideas and technology across geographic space is known as:

diffusion

As an anthropologist you are conducting research in highland New Guinea. You immerse yourself in the culture and you take part in the daily lives of individuals by doing such things as working in gardens, fishing, and maintaining the village residence. Your approach could be described best as:

emic

The tendency to view one's own culture as superior is known as:

ethnocentrism

Anthropological studies of a single culture are known as:

ethnographies

Industrialized agriculture:

extensive and sustainable resource use.

The practice of compadrazgo in Latin America reflects important components of social organization, roles, and status. As a system, compadrazgo can be understood best as:

functioning to create social ties amongst individuals of differing social statuses and roles through the establishment of patron-client relations.

Big Men:

have achieved status and political influence.

Swidden horticulture:

is associated with tribal populations and requires less investment than agriculture.

Shamanism:

is most strongly associated with band and tribal populations and is used for healing

The primary responsibility of the cultural anthropologist:

is to limit the impacts on the culture of study while not causing harm.

The term intersexed:

is used to refer to individuals where there is a discrepancy between external genitalia and internal reproductive organs.

A mode of production that emphasizes social interactions and the collective is characterized best as:

kin-based production.

Franz Boas is:

known as the "Father of American Anthropology".

The following diagram illustrates:

matrilineal descent.

Which of the following is not a sub-field of anthropology?

paleobotany

The Yanomamo:

practice bride service and patrilocal residence.

Contemporary cultural anthropologists:

promote cultural relativism.

Marriage:

refers to a set of socially recognized roles and responsibilities between two or more individuals.

Caste systems:

represent a form of social structure defined by differences in power/status and the inability to change status.

The marriage practice when a groom marries the sister of his deceased wife is known as:

the sororate

A marriage form where the groom takes on his deceased wife's sister is known as:

the sororate.

Cultural anthropology is:

the study of contemporary culture.

Animism:

was first explained by Edward Tylor and is defined by a belief in the natural world being inhabited by numerous spirit entities.

Which statement most accurately reflects our discussion of the Pima?

Changes in diet and culture have directly impacted the health of the Pima causing a significant increase in obesity and diabetes.

Differences in skin color:

Are the result of biological adaptations to particular environments.

The _________________________ is a third gender category that is commonplace in numerous Native American cultures.

Berdache

The term diaspora relates to globalization:

By emphasizing the role of technology in fashioning a sense of community for immigrants with a common homeland

Productivity is an important characteristic of language. In your own words, what is productivity and what are some reasons for language productivity?

Productivity is the way that native speakers speak their language when trying to describe something. For example, if a native speaker is trying to find a way to describe something that smells, but there is no word in their language to describe such a thing, they would use the word "bad" and add "ly" to convey that it smells "badly". Other native speakers would understand what the original speaker met, as "ly" was adding emphasis to bad it smelt.

Ethnicity:

Refers to cultural similarities and differences.

The hypothesis that states that language influences culture is known as the:

Sapir-Whorf hypothesis.

Which is not a branch of Applied Anthropology?

Structural Anthropology.