Anthropology 1003 Midterm

Becoming Human: According to a technique called the "molecular clock," humans and chimpanzees last shared a common ancestor about ________ years ago

5 to 7 million

According to the lecture. reading your textbook is an example of:

?? either situational, symbolic, or social

One important adaptation found in New World monkeys is the presence of

A Prehensile tail

What kind of data do anthropologists gather from doing interviews? terms for biological species, details about court cases, life histories, opinions on upcoming elections

ALL OF THE ABOVE terms for biological species, details about court cases, life histories, opinions on upcoming elections

An evolutionary perspective on variations in physical traits reflects

Adaptive changes

Examples of social institutions are

All of the above. (Kinship, marriage, subsistent patterns)

Who are the Narcerima?

Americans

Social behavior patterns observed in one species that look like behavior patterns in another, but which do not arise from a shared ancestry, are known as

Analogous behaviors

The famous group of hominins known as the Neanderthals is included in which of the following groups?

Archaic homo sapiens

A primary characteristic that allows paleoanthropologists to place a particular finding into the genus Homo is

Cranial capacity

The nineteenth-century British anthropologist credited with the development of the concept of culture through an evolutionary perspective was

Edward B Tylor

Shaking hands when you meet someone is an example of a

Folkway

By cross-breeding pea plants, he was able to illustrate the basic laws of inheritance:

Gregor Mendel

According Becoming Human (and Daniel Lieberman), the most compelling hypothesis for why bipedalism developed in early hominins is

It conserved energy

The name most closely associated with the system traditionally used to classify living things is:

Linnaeus

According to the lecture, which school of anthropological thought stresses the interrelationship among the natural conditions in the environment and society?

Neoevolutionism

The ability to touch the thumb with the tips of the other fingers on the same hand is called:

Opposibility

Reconnaissance work in archaeology is also known as:

PHASE 1

If you wanted to understand very early, non-living human beings, you would likely engage in

Paleoanthropology

Which of the following is NOT a part of a human's taxonomic classification?

Plattyrhine

According to "Our Babies Ourselves", which of the following is NOT one of the "3 R's" of child rearing in Dutch society?

Respect

Which of the following is NOT evidence of early hominin bipedalism in the fossil record (as discussed in the presentation)?

Strong clavicle

According to the lecture, in order for an explanation to be defined as scientific, it must be:

Testable

Males and females in a given primate population may be co-dominant.

True

A key principle of the holistic perspective developed by Franz Boas is

a goal of synthesizing the entire context of human experience

Chronometric dating techniques used by archaeologists help establish

a more specific age for a fossil or something organic

Which project would likely require the assistance of a geomorphologist?

a study of landscape change

Fossils of Homo erectus are found:

all over the Old World

The evolution of the tail among New World monkeys reflects an adaptation to their environment and would be of interest to a

behavioral ecologist

One of the central ideas of Darwin's theory of evolution was the idea that

change in organisms was related to their adaptability to a particular environment

According to the "Survival of the Fittest" video , what trait of the Rock Pocket Mouse was best adapted to survival on the lava flow?

dark fur

Which of the following is NOT studied by anthropologists?

dinosaur bones

If you wanted to understand the norms of a society, you would most likely focus on

everyday interactions

Cultural relativism is important because it helps anthropologists defend all the things that people in other cultures do.

false

In order to study culture one must travel to distant, far-off places.

false

In science, a theory is an educated guess and is not well-accepted among the scientific community.

false

In science, a theory is only a guess.

false

The art found on the walls at Lascaux has been thoroughly deciphered as to its function and meaning.

false

The taxonomic ordering of Homo erectus has been completely resolved through careful fossil analysis.

false

The term hominin refers to humans and great apes.

false

Uniformitarianism is the idea that change occurs:

gradually and through the result of processes that are still observable today.

Why was the discovery of penicillin in 1928 useful in our understanding of evolution?

it demonstrated that bacteria could quickly develop the ability to resist antibiotics

The success of simple life forms such as bacteria challenges one of the early ideas about evolution because

it demonstrates the oversimplification that comes from thinking humans are more highly evolved

Techniques that classify features of a phenomenon and count, measure, and construct statistical models are collecting and analyzing

quantitative data

A dominance hierarchy exists when members of the same group have

ranking relative to others that establishes access to resources

Cultural anthropologists face an ethical responsibility in their work and so must disclose to informants

reasons for doing the research

Paleoanthropologists believe that the predominant diet of our earliest omnivorous ancestors consisted mostly of

roots, tubers, and fruits

The Law of Superposition says that:

sedimentary layers are deposited in a time sequence with the oldest on the bottom and the youngest on the top.

In anthropology, holism refers to:

seeking to understand how all aspects of our species are related

An evolutionary perspective would be most likely to explain colonialism as

the natural abilities of more civilized people to control less civilized people

In Mendelian genetics, a dominant allele is:

the one that is expressed phenotypically over other alleles

The primary ethical responsibility of anthropologists is to

the people or species they study

The main idea behind the holistic perspective is to study culture

through systematic connections of different parts

A critical reason for taking field notes is that there may be a long lag time between fieldwork and writing and publishing about it.

true

According to "Our Babies Ourselves", in the United States, individualism is valued highly, so generally parents do not hold their babies as much as other cultures.

true

Clyde Kluckhohn argued that both biological and cultural aspects of humanity must be seen as a continuum of small changes.

true

Culture can be transmitted virtually through the Internet in addition to face-to-face interaction.

true

Neanderthals and modern humans share the same genus and species classification (Homo sapien).

true

Primates often live in groups in order to avoid predators.

true

The comparative method

uses data from many different societies