antomy test

Which of these are bone - forming cells?

Osteoblasts

Covering of bone(except at joints), fibrous outer layer, cellular inner layer

Periosteum

The membrane that surrounds the outer surface of living bone and provides a means of attachment for ligaments and tendons is called

Periosteum

What is the name for the covering of bone(except at joints), fibrous outer layer, cellular inner layer

Periosteum

Red bone marrow is found within.

Spongy Bone

The epiphyses contain ____ tissue, where blood formation occurs.

Spongy Bone

In adults, the function of the yellow marrow is to:

Store adipose tissue

In endochondral ossification, what happens to the chondrocytes?

They die in the calcified matrix that surrounds them and form the medullary cavity.

Bones grow in diameter due to bone formation ________.

beneath the periosteum

Bones grow in length due to activity in the ________.

epiphyseal plate

Basic functional unit of a compact bone

haversian system

Bones that surround the spinal cord are classified as ________ bones.

irregular

Which of the following are found in compact bone and cancellous bone?

lamellae

Type of bone that is has greater length then width is known as:

long

The fibrous membrane covering the outer surface of the bone is the ________.

periosteum

Which function of the skeletal system would be especially important if you were in a car accident?

protection of internal organs

Most of the bones of the arms and hands are long bones; however, the bones in the wrist are categorized as ________.

short

Type of bone that is about equal in length and width is known as:

short

Which system includes the bones of the skeleton, cartilage, ligaments, and other connective tissues that stabilize or connect the bones?

skeletal

Trabecular arrangements are found in

spongy

Sesamoid bones are found embedded in ________.

tendons

Which of the following bones is (are) formed by intramembranous ossification?

the flat bones of the cranium

Which of the following are only found in cancellous bone?

trabeculae

Hematopoiesis, RBC's, WBC's, & other elements produced in red marrow

. Blood cell production:

Hyaline cartilage of the epiphysis in the joint cavity is called:

Articular Cartilage

Narrow passageways between lacunae and nearby blood vessels; Forms a branching network for exchange of nutrients, waste products, and gases

Canaliculi

The bone cells within lacunae receive nourishment from blood vessels through passageways called?

Canaliculi

This type of osseous tissue is an open network of cells and is found in the interior of bone.

Cancellous

Circular canal in the center of an osteon (haversian system) that runs longitudinally through the bone; the canal contains blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves is a

Central (haversian) canal

Lamellae produced during the growth of the bone?

Circumferential lamellae

Haversian Systems are found in

Compact Bone

Which of these destroy bone so it can be rebuilt again?

Costeoclasts

The central shaft portion of a long bone is called

Diaphysis

Ossification where bone replaces existing cartilage

Endochondral Ossification

The extreme end of a long bone is called

Epiphysis

Which of the following bone categories is composed of 2 layers of compact bone sandwiching a layer of spongy bone between them?

Flat Bone

Another name for osteon

Haversian

What kind of tissue is the forerunner of long bones in the embryo?

Hyaline cartilage

What fills the spaces between the osteons

Interstitial lamellae

Step 1: Osteoblasts form and become activeStep 2: Osteoblasts deposit bony matrix around themselves creating Osteocytes Step 3: Remodeling produces spongy & compact bone

Intramembranous Ossification

Small spaces between lamellae which contain osteocytes are:

Lacunae

The small cavities in bone tissue where osteocytes are found are called?

Lacunae

Concentric layers of matrix is called

Lamellae

Yellow bone marrow occupies the space in the center of the shaft of a living bone. This space is known as

Medullary Cavity

What is the term called that is the narrow zone that connects the diaphysis and epiphysis

Metaphysis

Mature bone cells located within a lacuna are

Osteocyte

Microscopic structural units of compact bone made up of a central (haversian) canal plus it's surrounding lamellae, lacunae, canaliculi, an osteocytes are:

Osteon (haversian system)

Holds blood vessels and nerves

Osteonic Canals

Compact bone tissue is arranged in microscopic units called ________ or haversian systems.

Osteons

Canals that extend from the periosteum and contain blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves; they extend into the central (haversian) canals, medullary cavity, and periosteum are:

Perforating (Volkmann's) canals

An irregular latticework of thin columns of bone that are microscopic units of spongy bone tissue:

Trabeculae

What is the term for struts and plates of the cancellous matrix that will branch, creating an open network

Trabeculae

All of the following are functions of the skeletal system EXCEPT

Transport of nutrients throughout body

Perforating canals that extend perpendicular to the surface; filled with blood vessels

Volkman's Canael

Yellow marrow has been identified as ________.

an area of fat storage

This type of osseous tissue have tightly packed cell and occurs on the surface of bone

compact

Osteons are characteristic of:

compact bone

The diaphysis contains

compact bone

Bone tissue can be described as ________.

dense, hard connective tissue

Without red marrow, bones would not be able to ________.

make blood cells