ap bio unit 6

New DNA strands are being synthesized in the what direction from their DNA templates.

5′ to 3′

Which of the following correctly explains where DNA replication will begin on the strand oriented 5′→3′, reading from left to right?

DNA replication will be initiated immediately to the left of the RNA, since DNA polymerase requires an RNA primer.

Which of the following correctly explains the process shown in Figure 1 ?

Initiation of transcription is occurring because a strand of RNA is being produced from a DNA template strand.

Which of the following statements best explains the structure and importance of plasmids to prokaryotes?

Plasmids are circular, double-stranded DNA molecules that provide genes that may aid in survival of the prokaryotic cell.

Antibiotics interfere with prokaryotic cell functions . Streptomycin is an antibiotic that affects the small ribosomal subunit in prokaryotes . Specifically , streptomycin interferes with the proper binding of tRNA to mRNA in prokaryotic ribosomes . Which of the following best predicts the most direct effect of exposing prokaryotic cells to streptomycin ?

Synthesis of polypeptides will be inhibited .

Which of the following statements best explains how the genes for antibiotic resistance can be transmitted between bacteria without the exchange of bacterial chromosomal DNA?

The genes for antibiotic resistance are located on a plasmid that can be passed to neighboring bacteria.

The features of this model provide evidence for which explanation of why all growing strands are synthesized in a 5′ to 3′ direction?

The phosphate group, attached to the 5′ carbon of the dTMP, forms a covalent bond with the oxygen atom attached to the 3′ carbon of the growing strand.

Based on the information in Table 1 , which of the following best predicts a key difference in prokaryotes and eukaryotes with regard to transcription and translation ?

The two processes will occur simultaneously in prokaryotes