AP Biology Board Game Questions

Which of the following is considered a vitamin? A) FAD B) NAD+ C) thiamine pyrophosphate D) coenzyme A (CoA) E) niacin

E) niacin

Which statement concerning the synthesis of ATP in the mitochondria is false? A) ATP synthesis cannot occur without the presence of ATP synthase. B) The proton motive force is the establishment of a charge and concentration gradient across the mitochondrial membrane. C) The proton motive force drives protons back across the membrane through channels established by the ATP synthase channel protein. D) The ATP synthase protein is composed of two units. E) The intermembrane space is more acidic than the mitochondrial matrix.

A) ATP synthesis cannot occur without the presence of ATP synthase.

Which of the following statements is NOT correct? A) Chemicals and energy can cycle through living things. B) Energy can neither be created nor destroyed. C) One usable form of energy cannot be completely converted into another usable form. D) Metabolism is the sum of all chemical reactions occurring inside a living cell. E) Every reaction in a cell requires a specific enzyme.

A) Chemicals and energy can cycle through living things.

Which of the following is a function of the electron transport chain? A) Cycling NADH back to NAD+ B) Using the intermediates from the citric acid cycle C) Breaking down pyruvate D) Increasing the number of protons in the mitochondrial matrix E) Consuming excess ATP

A) Cycling NADH back to NAD+

___ inhibition is the normal way by which metabolic pathways are regulated in cells. A) Feedback B) Competitive C) Noncompetitive D) Psychological

A) Feedback

Pepsin, an enzyme found in the stomach, acts best at a pH of about 2, but it is not active at a pH of 7. Why? A) The optimal pH helps to maintain the enzyme's tertiary structure. B) The optimal pH helps to maintain the enzyme's primary structure. C) The optimal pH disrupts the normal interactions of the R groups within the protein molecule. D) A pH of 2 causes denaturation to occur but not at pH of 7.

A) The optimal pH helps to maintain the enzyme's tertiary structure.

A denatured enzyme has lost its normal shape and therefore its ability to form an enzyme-substrate complex. A) True B) False

A) True

The reactants in an enzymatic reaction are called the substrates for that enzyme. A) True B) False

A) True

The ______ is a place where the substrates fit onto the enzyme in such a way that they are oriented to react. A) active site B) inhibitory site C) enzyme-substrate complex D) metabolic pathway E) coenzyme

A) active site

The main function of cellular respiration is the A) conversion of energy stored in the chemical bonds of glucose to an energy form that the cell can use. B) recovery of NAD+ from NADPH. C) conversion of kinetic to potential energy. D) creation of energy in the cell E) elimination of excess glucose from the cell

A) conversion of energy stored in the chemical bonds of glucose to an energy form that the cell can use.

Oxidation refers to the _____________. This is the correct answer. A) loss of electrons and/or hydrogen atoms. B) loss of electrons and the gain of hydrogen atoms. C) gain of electrons and/or hydrogen atoms. D) gain of electrons and the loss of hydrogen atoms.

A) loss of electrons and/or hydrogen atoms.

Each enzyme can speed up only one particular reaction. This specificity is due to the ______. A) shape of both the enzyme and the substrate B) lowering of the energy of activation C) pH of the surrounding medium D) temperature of the surrounding medium E) permanent binding of the enzyme-substrate complex

A) shape of both the enzyme and the substrate

Which of the following statements is NOT correct about enzymes? A) Most enzymes are protein molecules. B) Every reaction in a cell requires a specific enzyme. C) Enzymes speed up a chemical reaction. D) Enzymes are named for the products formed. E) Enzymes are absolutely necessary to the continued existence of a cell.

D) Enzymes are named for the products formed.

Which of the following molecules is not recycled and reused in cellular metabolism? A) ADP B) NAD+ C) FAD D) Glucose

D) Glucose

Within limits, the rate of enzymatic reaction doubles with every ______ C rise in temperature. A) 5° B) 10° C) 20° D) 30° E) 40°

B) 10°

E1 E2 E3 A → B → C → D Which of the following statements is NOT correct? A) A is the substrate for enzyme E1 and B is the product. B) A is the product for enzyme E1 and B is the substrate. C) Enzyme E2 can catalyze the substrate B but not substrates A, C, and D. D) B is the product formed by enzyme E1 but the substrate for enzyme E2. E) A is a reactant in the first reaction that forms the product B.

B) A is the product for enzyme E1 and B is the substrate.

All enzymes are proteins. A) True B) False

B) False

An enzymatic reaction can bring about only synthesis, i.e., two smaller molecules joined to form a larger molecule. A) True B) False

B) False

Enzymes can only be denatured by high temperatures. A) True B) False

B) False

In general, cellular respiration permits a flow of energy from the sun through all living things. A) True B) False

B) False

Until reaching a point where the enzyme is denatured, an increase in temperature will cause molecules to move faster, thereby decreasing the chance of the reactants colliding. A) True B) False

B) False

Too high or low a pH disrupts the hydrogen bonding and interactions between ______ of a protein and cause the enzyme to become denatured. A) amino acids B) R group side chains C) nucleic acids D) monosaccharides E) fatty acids

B) R group side chains

Penicillin causes the death of bacteria by ______. A) blocking the active site of an enzyme unique to humans B) blocking the active site of an enzyme unique to bacteria C) denaturing the bacteria D) substituting a cofactor E) removing the substrate for an enzyme unique to bacteria

B) blocking the active site of an enzyme unique to bacteria

Cyanide is an inhibitor of the enzyme cytochrome oxidase, which is used to make ATP in mitochondria. Cyanide acts as a(an) _______. A) cofactor B) enzyme inhibitor C) denaturing agent D) substrate complex

B) enzyme inhibitor

When the substrate binds to the enzyme, the active site undergoes a slight alteration to achieve the best fit. This is known as the ______ model. A) lock-and-key B) induced-fit C) deduced-fit D) reduced-fit E) fit-to-be-tied

B) induced-fit

Lactase is an enzyme that breaks down ______. A) lipids B) lactose C) maltose D) sucrose E) urea

B) lactose

During which process is most ATP generated in the cell? A) Glycolysis B) The citric acid cycle C) Electron transport coupled with chemiosmosis D) Fermentation E) Pyruvate oxidation

C) Electron transport coupled with chemiosmosis

Which of the following statements is NOT correct about enzymes? A) Enzymes allow reactions to occur at moderate temperature. B) Enzymes bind with their substrates in such a way that the reaction can occur more readily. C) Enzymes raise the energy of activation for a reaction. D) Enzymes bring together particular molecules and cause them to react with one another. E) Enzymes can be used over and over again.

C) Enzymes raise the energy of activation for a reaction.

Which statement regarding glycolysis is false? A) A 6-C sugar is broken down to two 3-C molecules. B) Two ATP molecules are consumed. C) Glycolysis requires oxygen. D) A net sum of two ATP molecules is generated. E) Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol.

C) Glycolysis requires oxygen.

Which of the following statements about enzymes is NOT correct? A) Substrates fit onto the enzyme at the active site. B) No permanent change in the enzyme occurs when it combines with the substrate. C) Once the enzyme has combined with the substrate, the enzyme cannot be used again. D) Enzymes decrease the amount of heat needed by a cell for a chemical reaction to occur. E) Enzymes are named often for their substrates.

C) Once the enzyme has combined with the substrate, the enzyme cannot be used again.

______ are organic dietary requirements needed in small amounts only. A) Cofactors B) Coenzymes C) Vitamins D) Minerals

C) Vitamins

A(An) ______ is generally a larger molecule that the body is incapable of synthesizing without the ingestion of a vitamin. A) ion B) cofactor C) coenzyme D) enzyme E) inhibitor

C) coenzyme

Which of the following comparisons is NOT correct? A) metabolism—sum of all chemical reactions occurring inside a living cell B) ATP—energy currency C) energy—constantly cycled back and forth through living things D) first law of thermodynamics—energy can neither be created nor destroyed E) enzyme—organic catalyst that speeds up a chemical reaction

C) energy—constantly cycled back and forth through living things

Which of the following is NOT an enzyme? A) lipase B) urease C) maltose D) ribonuclease E) dehydrogenase

C) maltose

Which of the following statements is NOT correct? A) Carbon dioxide given off by mitochondria is used by chloroplasts. B) Carbohydrates produced by chloroplasts may be used by mitochondria. C) Oxygen released by chloroplasts may be used by mitochondria. D) Carbon dioxide given off by chloroplasts may be used by mitochondria. E) Heat is released by reactions occurring in the chloroplast and mitochondria.

D) Carbon dioxide given off by chloroplasts may be used by mitochondria.

The amount of energy (e.g., heat) needed for a reaction to occur is called the ______. A) kinetic energy B) potential energy C) synthetic energy D) energy of deactivation E) energy of activation

E) energy of activation

Which of the following statements is NOT correct for a metabolic pathway? A) One reaction leads to the next reaction. B) They begin with a particular reactant and terminate with an end product. C) One pathway may lead to other pathways if there are several molecules in common. D) Metabolic energy is captured more easily if it is released in large amounts rather than in small increments. E) Metabolic pathways are highly organized and structured.

D) Metabolic energy is captured more easily if it is released in large amounts rather than in small increments.

Which of the following statements is NOT correct? A) Catalase converts hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen. B) Generally, enzyme activity increases as substrate concentration increases. C) Generally, enzyme activity decreases as substrate concentration decreases. D) The enzyme's rate of activity can increase even after all the active sites have been filled. E) A denatured enzyme cannot form an enzyme-substrate complex.

D) The enzyme's rate of activity can increase even after all the active sites have been filled.

Which of the following statements about enzymes is NOT correct? A) Enzymes speed up a chemical reaction. B) The active site on the enzyme may undergo a slight change in shape when the substrate binds. C) Enzymes are very specific in their action. D) The presence of an enzyme will change the outcome of a reaction. E) Enzymes lower the energy of activation for a reaction to occur.

D) The presence of an enzyme will change the outcome of a reaction.

A(An) ______ is any organic, nonprotein molecule that binds with an enzyme other than its substrate. A) reactant B) product C) inhibitor D) coenzyme

D) coenzyme

In an enzymatic reaction, more product can be obtained if there is ______. A) enough substrate to fill all the active sites B) optimum pH C) optimum temperature D) enough substrate to fill all the active sites and there are optimal pH and optimal temperature conditions

D) enough substrate to fill all the active sites and there are optimal pH and optimal temperature conditions

Which organelle converts energy stored in carbohydrates into ATP? A) lysosome B) Golgi apparatus C) chloroplast D) mitochondria E) nucleolus

D) mitochondria

Which statement best describes the role of the inner mitochondrial membrane? A) it acts an anchor for the membrane-associated enzymes of cellular respiration B) It allows for the establishment of a proton gradient. C) It separates the mitochondria's environment from that of the cytosol. D) It anchors enzymes and allows for the establishment of the proton gradient, but it is not involved in separating the contents of the mitochondria from the cytosol. E) It anchors enzymes, allows for the establishment of the proton gradient, and is involved in separating the contents of the mitochondria from the cytosol.

E) It anchors enzymes, allows for the establishment of the proton gradient, and is involved in separating the contents of the mitochondria from the cytosol.

Which of the following is considered to be a coenzyme? A) magnesium ion B) riboflavin C) pantothenic acid D) niacin E) NAD+

E) NAD+

Which of the following enzymes will remove hydrogen atoms from its substrate? A) lipase B) urease C) maltose D) ribonuclease E) dehydrogenase

E) dehydrogenase