AP Biology Chapter 4 test
How many structural isomers are possible for a substance having the molecular formula C4H10?
2.
Which is a hydroxyl functional group?
A
Which molecule contains an amino functional group, but is not an amino acid?
A.
Which molecule is an alcohol?
A.
Which molecule is water soluble because it has a hydroxyl functional group?
A.
A chemist wishes to make an organic molecule less acidic. Which of the following functional groups should be added to the molecule in order to do so?
Amino.
Which chemical group is most likely to be responsible for an organic molecule behaving as a base?
Amino.
Which molecule can function as a base?
Amino.
Research indicates that ibuprofen, a drug used to relieve inflammation and pain, is a mixture of two enantiomers; that is, molecules that?
Are mirror images of one another.
Thalidomide and L-dopa, shown below, are examples of pharmaceutical drugs that occur as enantiomers, or molecules that?
Are mirror images of one another.
Which molecule contains a carboxyl group?
B & C.
Which molecules contain a carbonyl group?
B and C.
Which molecule has a carbonyl functional group in the form of an aldehyde?
B.
Which molecule is a thiol?
B.
Which is a carbonyl functional group?
C.
Which is an acidic functional group that can dissociate and release H+ into a solution?
C.
Which molecule has a carbonyl functional group in the form of a ketone?
C.
Which of the following hydrocarbons has a double bond in its carbon skeleton?
C2H4.
Organic chemistry is a science based on the study of?
Carbon compounds.
Amino acids are acids because they always posess which functional group?
Carboxyl.
What is the name of the functional group shown in figure 4.4?
Carboxyl.
Which is a basic funcional group that can accept H+ and become positively charged?
D.
Which is an amino functional group?
D.
Which molecule can increase the concentration of hydrogen ions in a soluion and is therefore an organic acid?
D.
Which molecule functions to transfer energy between organic molecules?
D.
Which molecule is an organic phosphate?
D.
Which of the following people was the first to synthesize an organic compound urea, from inorganic starting materals?
Fredrich Wohler.
The two molecules shown in figure 4.3 are best described as?
Geometric isomers.
Which of the structures in an impossible covalently bonded molecule?
H H | | H - C - C = O-H | H
Which of the following people synthesized art organic compound, aretic acid, from inorganic substances that had been prepared directly from pure elements?
Hermann Kolbe.
One of the following people was the first to suggest that organic compounds those found in living organisms, were distinctly different from inorganic compounds found in the nonliving world. Though this suggestion is now known to be incorrect, it stimulated important research into organic compounds. Who suggested this?
Jakob Berzelus.
The experimental approach taken in current biological investigations presumes that?
Living organisms can be understood in terms of the same physical and chemical laws that can be used to explain all natural phenomena.
Identify the asymmetric carbon in this molecule?
OH / C / H
Which is a carboxyl functional group?
One with an OH group.
Which molecule contains sulfhydryl?
Only has SH on it.
Which molecule contains a sulfhydryl functional group?
SH on it.
One of the following people set up a closed system to mimic Earth's early atmosphere and discharged electrical sparks through it. A variety of organic compounds common in organisms were formed. Who did this?
Stanley MIller.
Which of the following people used this apparatus to study formation of organic compounds?
Stanley Miller.
Choose the term that correctly describes the relationship between these two sugar molecules:
Structural isomers.
Shown here in Figure 4.2 are the structures of glucose and fructose. These two molecules are?
Structural isomers.
The two molecules shown is figure 4.1 are best described as?
Structural isomers.
Which functional group is not present in this molecule?
Sulfhydryl.
Testosterone and estradiol are male and female sex hormones, respectively, in many vertebrates. In what way(s) do these molecules differ from each other?
Testosterone and estradiol have different functional groups attached to the same carbon skeleton.
Why are hydrocarbons insoluble in water?
The majority of their bonds are nonpolar covalent carbon-to-hydrogen linkages.
Which of the following is a false statement concerning amino groups?
They are nonpolar.
Which of the following statements correctly describes geometric isomers?
They have variations in arrangment around a double bond.
Early 19th century scientist belived that living organisms differed from nonliving things as a result of possessing a "life force" that could create organic molecules from inorganic matter. The term given to this belief is....
Vitalism.
A carbon skeleton is covalently bonded to both an amino group and a carboxyl group. When placed in water it?
Would function as both an acid and a base.
Which is the best description of a carbonyl group?
a carbon atom joined to an oxygen by a double covalent bond.
Which of the following contains nitrogen in addition to carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen?
an amino acid such as gylcine.
Three or four of the following illustrations depict different structural isomers of the organic compound with molecular formula C6H14. For clarity, only the carbon skeletons are shown; hydrogen atoms that would be attached to the carbons have been omitted. Which one, if any, is NOT a structural isomer of this compound?
c - c = c - c | | c c
Which functional groups can act as acids?
carboxyl and phosphate.
Which of the structures contain(s) a carboxyl functional group?
none of the structures.
Which is a functional group that helps stabalize proteins by forming covalent cross-links within or between protein molecules?
sulfhydryl.
Which action could produce a carbonyl group?
the replacement of the -OH of a carboxyl group with hydrogen.