AP biology final

An individual is an asymptomatic carrier of HIV during the _____ stage. A) category A B) category B C) category C

...

At what site is mRNA translated to make protein? A) Ribosomes B) The replication fork of DNA C) The lagging strand of DNA D) The Golgi Bodies

A

Eukaryotic chromosomes are made of: A) proteins and DNA B) enzymes and substrates C) polysaccharides and lipids D) phospholipids and cholesterol

A

If a segment of DNA contains 430 nucleotides and 120 of the nucleotides are guanine, there will be _____ cytosine nucleotides. A) 120 B) 190 C) 95 D) None of these

A

In Griffith's experiment _____. A) S strain bacteria killed the mice B) R strain bacteria killed the mice C) heat-killed S strain bacteria killed the mice D) a mixture of heat-killed S strain bacteria and R strain bacteria failed to kill the mice

A

In _____, replication can occur in two directions at once because the DNA molecule is circular. A) prokaryotes B) eukaryotes C) viruses

A

In older men, the _____ may enlarge and constrict the urethra, making urination difficult. A) prostate gland B) bladder C) seminal vesicles D) vas deferens

A

New complementary nucleotides are positioned and joined by _____ during replication. A) DNA polymerase B) helicase C) sucrase D) RNA polymerase

A

Nucleic acids can be distinguished from proteins by _____. A) the presence of phosphorous in nucleic acids B) the presence of sulfur in nucleic acids C) the presence of carbon in nucleic acids

A

Sperm mature in the _____. A) epididymis B) seminiferous tubules C) urethra D) vagina

A

The release of a secondary oocyte from a vesicular follicle is termed _____. A) ovulation B) fertilization C) implantation D) menstruation

A

Which of the following is not an event associated with the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle? A) Corpus luteum development B) Pituitary gland production of FSH C) Estrogen production D) Follicle maturation

A

Which of the following life history strategies is correctly matched with its description? A) Oviparous - eggs are deposited and embryos develop in the external environment B) Ovoviviparous - development of embryos occur inside the female's body and young receive nourishment through the placenta C) Viviparous - embryos develop inside the female's body and unborn young are nourished by egg yolk

A

Which of these is NOT part of a mRNA molecule? A) Intron B) Cap C) Exon D) Poly-A tail

A

All of the following correctly describe lactation EXCEPT: A) Is caused by the hormone prolactic B) Occurs during and after pregnancy C) Is the production of milk in the alveoli D) Produces nutrients for the baby

B

DNA replication is best described as _____. A) completely conservative B) semiconservative C) a very slow process D) error-free

B

Debris that is trapped in mucus is moved away from the lungs toward the throat by _____. A) flagella B) cilia C) pseudopods D) actin filaments

B

In a sponge, gametes are produced by _____. A) gonads B) collar cells C) amoebocytes

B

Okazaki fragments are joined together to make up the ______ strand of newly synthesized DNA. A) leading B) lagging C) RNA

B

Temporary gonads develop in _____ during the fall when sexual reproduction occurs. A) earthworms B) cnidarians C) birds D) crayfish

B

The Y-shaped region on a replicating DNA molecule where parent strands are being unwound and new DNA strands are growing is referred to as a _____. A) chiasmata B) replication fork C) gene locus D) cleavage furrow

B

Use the Table to answer the following question. If the sequence of amino acids encoded by a strand of DNA is serine-alanine-lysine-leucine, then what is the order of bases in the strand of DNA? A) UGUGCAAAGUUA B) AGACGTTTCAAT C) AGAGCTTTGAAT D) UCUGCATTCTTA

B

What part does SRP (signal recognition protein) play in the binding of ribosomes to the endoplasmic reticulum? A) It binds to the mRNA first and then to the ER receptor which closes a channel. B) SRP binds first to the signal peptide on the polypeptide being synthesized and then to a receptor on the ER which opens a channel. C) It plays no real part in the binding of ribosomes to the ER. D) It signals the completion of the synthesis of ribosomal subunits and then binds to the ER.

B

_____ is the sexual union of organisms to facilitate the reception of sperm by a female. A) Parthenogenesis B) Copulation C) Orgasm D) Ovulation

B

A promoter is defined as _______. A) an enzyme which turns on a gene to transcribe an RNA molecule B) the active portion of an RNA molecule C) the site where RNA polymerase will bind to DNA D) the non-protein coding sequences of DNA

C

As cells increase in size, which of the following occurs? A) The volume and surface area will increase at the same rate. B) They will develop multiple nuclei. C) There will be a greater increase in volume than in the surface area of the cell. D) They will lose their nuclear membranes.

C

Choose the correct order of events that occur during translation. A) Initiation, elongation, termination B) RNA polymerase attachment to promoter site, initiation, elongation and termination C) Initiation, splicing of introns, ribozyme processing, exon shuffling D) Unwinding and complementary base pairing and joining by DNA polymerase

C

In humans, the male gonads are the _____ and the female gonads are the _____. A) bulbourethral glands; clitoris B) seminal vesicles; cervix C) testes; ovaries D) vas deferens; oviducts

C

In the _____ phase of the uterine cycle the endometrium doubles in thickness and uterine glands produce a thick mucoid substance that readies the uterus for implantation of an embryo. A) menstruation B) proliferative C) secretory

C

The development of a complete individual from an unfertilized egg is: A) Regeneration B) Budding C) Parthenogenesis D) Sexual reproduction

C

The evolution of the _____ made the shelled egg unnecessary. A) uterus B) marsupial pouch C) placenta D) cloaca

C

The infoldings of the inner membranes of mitochondria provide an increase in surface area and are important in ATP production during cellular respiration. Name these structures. A) Stroma B) Thylakoids C) Cristae D) Matrix

C

The rungs of ladder (DNA) are the _____. A) deoxyribose sugars B) phosphate groups C) hydrogen-bonded bases

C

There are three major classes of RNA. Which of the following does NOT describe the function of at least one type of RNA? A) Transfer amino acids to the ribosomes B) Takes a message from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm. C) Packages DNA so that it can fit into a small place. D) Along with proteins, makes up ribosomes, where proteins are synthesized.

C

Which STDs can be cured with antibiotic treatment? A) Genital herpes B) Genital warts C) Chlamydia

C

Which of the following statements is false? A) The genetic code is degenerate, meaning that most amino acids have more than one codon. B) Some codons are used for termination or initiation of a gene. C) All codons code for a specific amino acid. D) There are sixty-four different codons.

C

Which of the following will NOT be found in abundance in an insulin-producing pancreas cell? A) Rough endoplasmic reticulum B) Golgi apparatus C) Chloroplasts D) Ribosomes

C

Which of these organelles contain hydrolytic enzymes responsible for intracellular digestion? A) Mitochondria B) Ribosomes C) Lysosomes D) Golgi bodies

C

A dark-staining, spherical body found in the nucleus that produces ribosomal subunits is a ______: A) plasma membrane B) smooth endoplasmic reticulum C) Golgi apparatus D) nucleolus

D

Before sperm travels through the urethra, the acidic residue from urine that is found in the urethra is neutralized by secretions from the _____. A) prostate gland B) seminal vesicles C) epididymis D) bulbourethral glands

D

DNA is composed of a double strand of nucleotides. Because the sugar-phosphate backbone of one strand is upside down relative to the backbone of the other strand, these strands are referred to as: A) semi-conservative. B) Okazaki strands. C) nucleosomes. D) anti-parallel.

D

Eukaryotic cells are different from prokaryotic cells in which of the following ways? A) The presence of cytoplasm. B) The presence of a plasma membrane. C) The variety of organelles and their complexity. D) The presence of DNA.

D

In males, the target of FSH is the _____. A) follicles B) seminal vesicle C) hypothalamus D) seminiferous tubules

D

Large storage structures typically found in the center of plant cells are ______. A) plastids B) mitochondria C) Golgi bodies D) central vacuoles

D

Nucleic acids contain _____ type(s) of nucleotide(s). A) one B) two C) three D) four

D

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis: A) is performed in most normal pregnancies to ensure the health of the baby. B) involves the removal of genes from the zygote for testing. C) harms the embryo. D) involves the removal and genetic testing of one embryonic cell after in vitro fertilization has occurred.

D

Synthesis of lipids occurs in which major organelle? A) Chloroplasts B) Mitochondria C) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum D) Rough endoplasmic reticulum

D

The 3' end of each Okazaki fragment is joined to the 5' end of the next fragment by _____. A) DNA repair enzymes B) RNA polymerase C) helicase D) DNA ligase

D

The _____ is homologous to the penis in males. A) vagina B) cervix C) mons pubis D) clitoris

D

The description "9+2 array" in cells refers to _______. A) microfilaments B) spindles C) vacuoles D) microtubules

D

The endosymbiotic theory explains _____. A) the origin of chloroplasts and mitochondria B) how cells reproduce C) how photosynthesis occurs D) the differences between plant and animal cells

D

The stacks of membrane disks containing chlorophyll in a chloroplast are the ______. A) stroma B) plastids C) microfilaments D) grana

D

Which of the following statements is false? A) Some cells are large enough to be seen by the naked eye. B) Cells with infoldings and outfoldings of their plasma membranes are able to move molecules across the membrane more efficiently than cells with no foldings. C) All cells are shaped like cubes or are round. D) In eukaryotic cells, the nucleus controls activities in the cell.

D

Protein synthesis in bacterial cells is performed by _____. A) ribosomes B) centrioles C) flagella D) thylakoids

a

Sperm cells move by means of _______. A) flagella B) cilia C) pseudopods D) actin filaments

a

The smallest living unit is a _____. A) proton B) molecule C) cell D) tissue

c

All cells contain the following structures except ______. A) ribosomes B) cytoplasm C) plasma membrane D) nucleus

d

Skeletal muscle cells will have a large number of _____ due to their high demand for energy. A) chloroplasts B) lysosomes C) flagella D) mitochondria

d

The outermost boundary of prokaryotic cells is their _____. A) plasma membrane B) nuclear envelope C) cytoplasm D) cell wall

d

Which of the following is a form of sexual reproduction? A) Budding B) Parthenogenesis C) Regeneration D) Union of gametes

d