AP Chem Units 3-4

Group 1A oxidation number

+1

Hydrogen

+1

Group 2A oxidation number

+2

Flourine oxidation number

-1

Group 7A oxidation number

-1

Oxidation Rules Order

1. Group 1A 2. Group 2A 3. Fluorine 4. Hydrogen 5. Oxygen 6. Group 7A 7. Group 6A

Al(s)→Al3+(aq)+3e− Zn2+(aq)+2e−→Zn(s) The half-reactions for the oxidation-reduction reaction between Al(s) and Zn2+(aq) are represented above. Based on the half-reactions, what is the coefficient for Al(s) if the equation for the oxidation-reduction reaction is balanced with the smallest whole-number coefficients?

2

monatomic ion oxidation number

= charge

When 0.20 M NH4Cl(aq) and 0.20 M NaOH(aq) are mixed, the reaction represented by the equation above occurs and a strong smell of ammonia, NH3, is observed. Based on this information, which of the following statements is true?

NH4+(aq)NH4+(aq) is a stronger acid than H2O(l)H2O(l) is.

Group 6A oxidation number

-2

Oxygen oxidation number

-2 except peroxide -1)

Ni(s)→Ni2+(aq)+2e− Ag+(aq)+e−→Ag(s) Which of the following is the balanced net ionic equation for an oxidation-reduction reaction between Ag+(aq) and Ni(s)based on the half-reactions represented above?

2Ag+(aq)+Ni(s)→2Ag(s)+Ni2+(aq)2Ag+(aq)+Ni(s)→2Ag(s)+Ni2+(aq)

HCl(aq)+H2O(l)→H3O+(aq)+Cl−(aq) For the dissolution of HCl in water represented above, which of the following pairs includes the Brønsted-Lowry bases?

H2O(l)H2O(l) and Cl−(aq)

Cu(s)+2AgNO3(aq)→Cu(NO3)2(aq)+2Ag(s) The reaction between solid copper and aqueous silver nitrate produces solid silver and a blue solution, as represented by the balanced equation shown above. Based on the balanced equation, which of the following identifies the oxidation and reduction half-reactions?

Oxidation Half-reactionReduction Half-reactionCu(s)→Cu2+(aq)+2e−Cu(s)→Cu2+(aq)+2e−Ag+(aq)+e−→Ag(s)Ag+(aq)+e−→Ag(s)

When C2H4(g) reacts with H2(g), the compound C2H6(g) is produced, as represented by the equation above. The reaction is correctly classified as which of the following types?

Oxidation-reduction, because H2(g)H2(g) is oxidized

I2(aq)+C6H8O6(aq)→C6H6O6(aq)+2I−(aq)+2H+(aq) The compound C6H8O6 reacts with I2 according to the reaction represented by the equation above. The reaction is correctly classified as which of the following types?

Oxidation-reduction, because I2I2 is reduced.

Atoms in their elemental state oxidation #

0