AP CSP fall final writing

In 50 words or less, describe the concept of a number system. Why are rules required for a number system to be useful?

A number system is a technique to represent numbers in a computer system. It includes all the combinations of numbers possible. The rules are required for a number system to be useful, because sitting there and finding all the combinations can take too long. Using rules can help find all the combinations faster.

Why do computers need to periodically check the DNS for websites you have already visited?

Computers need to periodically check the DNS for websites you have already visited because sometimes IP addresses change to go to that website, which can cause people to go to the wrong website. Computers check DNS to make sure that the IP address is the same and has not changed.

An abstraction is a simplified representation of something that is more complex. Decimal numbers were a useful abstraction in the context of today's lesson. Write a short response to both questions below. What is the underlying complexity decimal numbers were used to represent. How were decimal numbers helpful in designing a system to represent text in bits?

Decimal numbers were used to represent the complexity of the binary number system. Decimal numbers were helpful in designing a system to represent in bits because you didn't have to write out the numbers in binary.

Recall when you built your binary message sending device. Why did we decide to send a message as a sequence of states (A and B) rather than modifying our devices to represent more states (State C, State D, State E, ...)?

Messages were sent as a binary question rather than a question with more answers because it is more complicated to make a device with many answers. Combinations soon run out and can be hard to make them infinite. Answers with numbers are easier to represent more states because they can be infinite while seasons, hours of the day, etc. are finite.

Explain one challenge raised by Vint Cerf in "The Internet is for Everyone - but it won't be if...." and give one example of it that you know about.

One challenge raised by Vint Cerf is that the internet is for everyone-but won't be if it isn't affordable by anyone who wants to participate in it. Some poor countries or towns do not have access to the internet.

In 100 words or less describe how place value is used in the binary number system. How is it similar or different from the way place value is used in the base 10 number system.

Place value is used in the binary number system by adding different place values to get a specific number. 2 is multiplied with an exponent to get a number in the binary system. They are then added together to get a number. The base 10 number system uses 10 numbers to get all the numbers possible. It is similar with the binary number system because it also uses (exponent) numbers to get a specific number.

Even with a good protocol, what are some privacy and security challenges while playing battleship on the Internet Simulator?

Privacy and security challenges while playing battleship on the Internet Simulator was that in broadcast mode, all users were able to see the moves and did not know from who exactly the message came from.

Describe the addressing system your group devised. How did your group decide upon a system for sending messages in the Battleship simulator? Were there disagreements or problems? How were they resolved?

The addressing system my group devised was to send a the space to hit or miss and then respond with a X(hit) or O(miss). We decided on the system for sending messages in the Battleship simulator by agreeing to use certain numbers for a specific meaning. There were no disagreements.

Describe the relative benefits of routing over a broadcast style of communication. Is routed traffic more secure than broadcasting? Justify your answer.

The benefits of a broadcast style of communication is that it is sent to everyone at once. You don't have to send to multiple specific people. Routed traffic is more secure than broadcasting because it is available for less people to see and is sent to specified people.

In your own words, what were the primary obstacles you needed to overcome in today's challenge? How do these obstacles mirror actual problems encountered on the Internet?

The primary obstacles I needed to overcome today's challenge was that a small percentage of all packets were randomly dropped and no more than 8 characters could be send in one packet. These obstacle mirror actual problems encountered on the internet is that on the internet too, some messages might be dropped. Messages also can't fit all into one packet and need to be separated into many. Keeping track of the order can be confusing.

"The binary pattern 01000001 represents the number 65." Write a brief response explaining whether you believe this statement is always true. Explain your reasoning.

This statement is not always true. It can represent another number when the chunk size is different. If the chunk size is 4, then it would represent two numbers, 64 and 1.

Why don't we need to know the IP addresses for our favorite sites?

We don't need to know the IP addresses of our favorite sites because the DNS stores them in a database. Remembering the IP address for all favorite sites is too difficult, as it can also change.

Provide an example of a question that could NOT be answered with a single binary message. Explain why this is the case, making reference to the definition of a binary message.

What is your favorite number? This question cannot be answered with a single binary message because there are an infinite amount of numbers. A binary message is one that has only two possible answers. With numbers, there are way more than two possible answers.

How did collaboration impact the development of your protocol? What challenges did working in a group present and in what ways did it positively impact your final product?

Working in a group can give you more ideas on how to make the protocol. The challenge of working in a group is to fairly decide whose idea to use. Collaboration impacted my protocol by giving more options on how to have more than two or four answers.

Can you know in advance the path a message will take between you and another computer on the Internet? Justify your answer.

You cannot know the path a message will take between you and another computer on the internet because the message just goes to the nearest available router. Router availability changes almost every second.