ap euro mcq3

Which of the following is the most likely explanation for Maes's choice of subject matter? A. He wished to emulate the classically influenced works of Italian Renaissance artists. B. He wanted to condemn the increasingly materialist outlook of Dutch society. C. He wanted to attract the patronage of the growing Dutch urban merchant class. D. He wanted to demonstrate that wealth and property were a sign of divine favor.

C. He wanted to attract the patronage of the growing Dutch urban merchant class.

"A royal, or legitimate, monarchy, is that in which the subjects obey the laws of the monarch, and the monarch obeys the laws of nature, granting his subjects their natural liberty and private property. A despotic monarchy is that in which the prince is lord of all goods and all persons by virtue of conquest . . . and governs his subjects as a father of a household rules his slaves. A tyrannical monarchy is that in which the monarch, contemptuous of the laws of nature, abuses a free people and treats them like slaves, appropriating their goods as his own." Jean Bodin, French political philosopher, Six Lives of the Republic, 1579 Bodin's discussion of monarchical power best reflects the early stages of which of the following? A. The growth of religious pluralism in Europe B. The social dislocations emerging from increasing commercialization C. The development of absolutist systems of government D. The shift from religious to secular regulation of public morals

C. The development of absolutist systems of government

"A royal, or legitimate, monarchy, is that in which the subjects obey the laws of the monarch, and the monarch obeys the laws of nature, granting his subjects their natural liberty and private property. A despotic monarchy is that in which the prince is lord of all goods and all persons by virtue of conquest . . . and governs his subjects as a father of a household rules his slaves. A tyrannical monarchy is that in which the monarch, contemptuous of the laws of nature, abuses a free people and treats them like slaves, appropriating their goods as his own." Jean Bodin, French political philosopher, Six Lives of the Republic, 1579 Bodin's assertions about a legitimate monarchy are best understood as an example of which of the following developments in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries? A. The ongoing rebellion of cultural minorities against the European governments B. The creation of alternative political systems that rejected monarchy C. The development of new ideas concerning the value of secular systems of government D. The continuing calls for the creation of a unified monarchy to rule over western Europe

C. The development of new ideas concerning the value of secular systems of government

The following question refers to the topic of economic development in the 1700s. The overall increase of European wealth best explains which of the following demographic developments in the 1700s? A. The emigration of Europeans to overseas colonies B. The increase in the percentage of births outside of marriage C. The growth of urban commercial centers D. The tendency of people to marry at younger ages

C. The growth of urban commercial centers

"Michael Ferrer was tried for speaking malicious words against the King on the 21st of November, 1689. First, he stated that while King William set forth in his Declaration that he came to preserve the laws, he had altered them instead, which he would suddenly repent of. Secondly, he stated that King William claimed he came to maintain our rights, but instead of that he came for the Crown. Thirdly, he stated that King James was overturned unfairly, and that his rights had not been respected, etc. The evidence presented was the testimony of one Terry, who said that Michael spoke these words to him at the Royal Exchange. The prisoner called very credible evidence to testify to his reputation, how he had always been a good Protestant, and had relinquished his office and lands in Ireland, rather than turn Catholic. So, upon the whole, the Court was well satisfied, whereupon he was acquitted." Old Bailey Proceedings: Accounts of Criminal Trials, London, England, 1690 The "malicious words" attributed to the accused best illustrate which of the following developments in England in the late seventeenth century? A. The effects of outbreak of the English Civil War B. The attempt to restore Catholicism to England after the Reformation C. The ongoing tensions between Parliament and the Crown over the limits of royal authority D. The continuing series of military conflicts with France

C. The ongoing tensions between Parliament and the Crown over the limits of royal authority.

Two female figures representing peace and plenty look into a mirror held by an angel. The woman in armor next to the mirror represents Bellona, the Roman goddess of war and victory. Figures representing war lie prostrate in the foreground. The text below reads: "Thus Peace sends forth her horn of plenty, her favors through the [Holy Roman] Empire, Spain, and France. The kings stand united, and the people are obedient under you, o great Philip [Philip IV, King of Spain], and your flourishing race. Soon war will perish and the former age will shake off all evils, and give way to a golden age." Which of the following best describes the claim communicated by the artist about the Peace of Westphalia? A. The treaty was a catastrophe for the Catholic side. B. The treaty would be only a temporary break from religious conflicts. C. The treaty would bring an end to the Protestant Reformation. D. The treaty would lead to a new period of peace and prosperity.

D. The treaty would lead to a new period of peace and prosperity.

Which of the following is an accurate description of the trend in malt barley prices shown on the graph?

Malt barley prices showed considerable variation but overall slightly declined in a period of 1605 to 1705

Which of the following is an accurate description of the relationship between wheat prices and malt barley prices shown on the graph?

Wheat prices and malt barley prices generally rose and fell together

Which of the following is an accurate description of the trend in wheat prices shown on the graph?

Wheat prices showed considerable variation but declined overall in the period 1650 to 1705

The engraving shows the French army's siege and capture of the town of Namur, in the Spanish Netherlands, from Spanish and Dutch forces during the Nine Years' War. Louis XIV is shown in the center, surrounded by his son and various members of the nobility. The event shown in the engraving is associated with the development of which of the following forms of government in Europe in the seventeenth century? A. Absolutism B. Constitutionalism C.Elective monarchy D. Theocracy

A. Absolutism

"A royal, or legitimate, monarchy, is that in which the subjects obey the laws of the monarch, and the monarch obeys the laws of nature, granting his subjects their natural liberty and private property. A despotic monarchy is that in which the prince is lord of all goods and all persons by virtue of conquest . . . and governs his subjects as a father of a household rules his slaves. A tyrannical monarchy is that in which the monarch, contemptuous of the laws of nature, abuses a free people and treats them like slaves, appropriating their goods as his own." Jean Bodin, French political philosopher, Six Lives of the Republic, 1579 Bodin's discussion of tyrannical and despotic monarchies reflects which of the following political developments in Europe? A. The concentration of power in increasingly centralized governments B. The increased influence of the Protestant Reformation on European politics C. The expanding political influence of new commercial elites D. The decreasing authority of the Papacy in international affairs

A. The concentration of power in increasingly centralized governments

The engraving shows the French army's siege and capture of the town of Namur, in the Spanish Netherlands, from Spanish and Dutch forces during the Nine Years' War. Louis XIV is shown in the center, surrounded by his son and various members of the nobility. The depiction of the scene in the engraving best illustrates which of the following aspects of the French aristocracy under Louis XIV's rule? A. The maintenance of the aristocracy's privileged social position B. The financial difficulties experienced by many members of the aristocracy in attempting to support their lifestyle C. The displacement of the aristocracy from many key administrative posts D. The continued rivalries among aristocratic factions seeking royal favor

A. The maintenance of the aristocracy's privileged social position

"Michael Ferrer was tried for speaking malicious words against the King on the 21st of November, 1689. First, he stated that while King William set forth in his Declaration that he came to preserve the laws, he had altered them instead, which he would suddenly repent of. Secondly, he stated that King William claimed he came to maintain our rights, but instead of that he came for the Crown. Thirdly, he stated that King James was overturned unfairly, and that his rights had not been respected, etc. The evidence presented was the testimony of one Terry, who said that Michael spoke these words to him at the Royal Exchange. The prisoner called very credible evidence to testify to his reputation, how he had always been a good Protestant, and had relinquished his office and lands in Ireland, rather than turn Catholic. So, upon the whole, the Court was well satisfied, whereupon he was acquitted." Old Bailey Proceedings: Accounts of Criminal Trials, London, England, 1690 The outcome of the trial best illustrates which of the following? A. The protection of the rights of the gentry and aristocracy from monarchical power B. The continued influence of folk ideals and superstition in criminal accusations C. The enforcement of community values through rituals of public humiliation D. The increasing role of city governments in enforcing public morals

A. The protection of the rights of the gentry and aristocracy from monarchical power

Two female figures representing peace and plenty look into a mirror held by an angel. The woman in armor next to the mirror represents Bellona, the Roman goddess of war and victory. Figures representing war lie prostrate in the foreground. The text below reads: "Thus Peace sends forth her horn of plenty, her favors through the [Holy Roman] Empire, Spain, and France. The kings stand united, and the people are obedient under you, o great Philip [Philip IV, King of Spain], and your flourishing race. Soon war will perish and the former age will shake off all evils, and give way to a golden age." The artist's statement that the kings of France, Spain, and the Holy Roman Empire "stand united" most clearly suggests that A. he hoped the Peace of Westphalia would bring the rival Catholic powers back together B. he wanted dynastic conflicts between the Habsburgs and rival royal houses to resume C. he saw all of the major European powers as collapsing under the strain of the conflict D. he thought rulers of Europe needed to stand together against the expanding Ottoman Empire

A. he hoped the Peace of Westphalia would bring the rival Catholic powers back together

The following question refers to the topic of economic development in the 1700s. European monarchs of the 1700s mostly attempted to promote trade and consumption in luxury items by following A. mercantilist policies that protected domestic industries and encouraged the creation of colonies B. free trade policies that allowed countries to specialize in producing goods for which they had a competitive advantage C. policies that emphasized economic self-sufficiency and avoided dependence on goods or resources from other countries D. policies that created state-owned industries and wealth-redistribution programs

A. mercantilist policies that protected domestic industries and encouraged the creation of colonies

Which of the following is the most likely explanation for Maes's inclusion of a map of the world in the painting? A. It reflected the ongoing Dutch military campaign against the Habsburgs. B. It reflected the growing importance of overseas trade to Dutch society. C. It reflected the increasing influence of Asian cultural contacts on Dutch art. D. It reflected the territorial settlements of the Peace of Westphalia.

B. It reflected the gorwing importance of overseas trade to Dutch society

"Michael Ferrer was tried for speaking malicious words against the King on the 21st of November, 1689. First, he stated that while King William set forth in his Declaration that he came to preserve the laws, he had altered them instead, which he would suddenly repent of. Secondly, he stated that King William claimed he came to maintain our rights, but instead of that he came for the Crown. Thirdly, he stated that King James was overturned unfairly, and that his rights had not been respected, etc. The evidence presented was the testimony of one Terry, who said that Michael spoke these words to him at the Royal Exchange. The prisoner called very credible evidence to testify to his reputation, how he had always been a good Protestant, and had relinquished his office and lands in Ireland, rather than turn Catholic. So, upon the whole, the Court was well satisfied, whereupon he was acquitted." Old Bailey Proceedings: Accounts of Criminal Trials, London, England, 1690 Michael Ferrer's defense best illustrates which of the following? A. The creation of secular systems of law in European states B. The Protestant victory in the Glorious Revolution C. The success of Protestant missionaries in converting Irish Catholics D. The growing application of scientific evidence to criminal proceedings

B. The Protestant victory in the Glorious Revolution

The engraving shows the French army's siege and capture of the town of Namur, in the Spanish Netherlands, from Spanish and Dutch forces during the Nine Years' War. Louis XIV is shown in the center, surrounded by his son and various members of the nobility. Military operations such as the one shown in the engraving were most strongly supported by which of the following features of Louis XIV's government? A. The establishment of a state monopoly on trade with the settlements of New France in North America B. The creation of a strong centralized system of taxation and state finance C. The opening of the senior officer ranks to middle-class men of proven talent and loyalty D. The encouragement of agricultural improvements to increase the food supply

B. The creation of a strong centralized system of taxation and state finance

The following question refers to the topic of economic development in the 1700s. The increased European consumption of luxury goods in the 1700s resulted most directly from which of the following economic developments? A. The growth in factory-driven mass production techniques B. The expansion of trade between Europe and other regions of the world C. The revival of serfdom and other forms of coerced labor in parts of Europe D. The increased effectiveness of government accounting and tax-collection practices

B. The expansion of trade between Europe and other regions of the world

Based on the painting, Maes most likely held which of the following views? A. Women's labor should be restricted according to traditional guild practices. B. Women were capable of managing the new financial practices. C. Women should have property rights and equal legal status within marriage. D. Women should be allowed to hold political office as members of the Dutch parliament.

B. Women were capable of managing the new financial practices

Two female figures representing peace and plenty look into a mirror held by an angel. The woman in armor next to the mirror represents Bellona, the Roman goddess of war and victory. Figures representing war lie prostrate in the foreground. The text below reads: "Thus Peace sends forth her horn of plenty, her favors through the [Holy Roman] Empire, Spain, and France. The kings stand united, and the people are obedient under you, o great Philip [Philip IV, King of Spain], and your flourishing race. Soon war will perish and the former age will shake off all evils, and give way to a golden age." The presence of Bellona and the statement that "the people are obedient under you, o great Philip" best support the argument that the artist A. favored the independence of the Dutch Republic B. wished to portray the Catholic Habsburgs as the victors C. was unfamiliar with classical humanist thought D. rejected Christian influence on his art

B. wished to portray the Catholic Habsburgs as the victors