AP European History Chapter 24 Test

40. The Pan-German League advocated:

anti-liberal policies including the development of a global German colonial empire to unite all different classes of citizens at home.

51. In his encyclical De Rerum Novarum (1891), Pope Leo XIII:

asserted that much in socialism was Christian in principle.

54. Modernism in music included all of the following elements:

attraction to the exotic, the nationalist themes, the folk music, AND the lure of the primitive.

45. Friedrich Nietzsche:

believed that Christianity had deeply undermined the creative power of western civilization.

56. At its premier, Igor Stravinsky's Rite of Spring, now considered as a classic example of modernism in music and ballet:

caused a great riot at the theater by the audience because of its sharp dissonance, and blatant sensuality.

33. According to Sigmund Freud, behavior was:

determined by one's unconscious and by inner drives of which people were generally unaware.

63. The Bismarckian System had the ultimate RESULT of:

dividing Europe into two opposing groups of nations making war more likely.

8. In general, by the late nineteenth century, the worst treatment of the Jews occurred in:

eastern Europe.

7. In Freud's theory of psychoanalysis, the seat of reason is the:

ego.

4. In Foundations of the Nineteenth Century (1899), Houston Stewart Chamberlain predicted that Germany was destined to:

lead the Aryan race to the conquest of Europe.

26. Among nineteenth-century European political movements, the one most responsible for triggering World War I was:

nationalism.

35. The urbanization of Europe brought religion under attack from all of the following EXCEPT:

parliaments and legal societies.

41. The higher criticism of the Bible championed by the French Catholic scholar Ernst Renan:

questioned the historical accuracy of the Bible and denied the divinity of Jesus.

3. The first professional occupation to be opened up to women was:

teaching.

59. The Fabian Socialists in Britain advocated:

the necessity of workers using their new voting rights to elect a new House of Commons wherein legislation favorable to the working classes could be passed in democratic fashion.

49. The best example of naturalistic literature can be found in the novels of:

Emile Zola.

57. The leader of the women's suffrage movement in England was:

Emmeline Pankhurst.

22. The author whose work emphasizes suffering and faith as the means for the human soul to be purified was:

Fyodor Dostoevsky.

32. Which of the following philosophers advocated violence, if necessary, as a means of achieving socialism?

Georges Sorel.

5. In 1905, who published "The Electro-Dynamics of Moving Bodies"?

Einstein.

55. Which of the following art movements was NOT prominent in the three decades prior to World War I?

Surrealism.

9. The Boer War was fought by the British in:

South Africa.

11. Which revolutionary leader helped overthrow the Manchu dynasty of China in 1912?

Sun Yat-sen.

60. Italian trasformismo:

was a policy of politics employed by Giovanni Giolitti AND included the transformation of old political parties into new power blocks through the calculated use of political patronage and outright bribery.

50. Explaining his use of naturalism in his novels and his depiction of characters, Emile Zola said:

"I have simply done on living bodies the work of analysis which surgeons perform on corpses."

42. By 1890, the richest 9 percent of Americans owned ____ of the wealth.

71 percent.

66. The pioneer in nursing who founded the Female Association of the Care of the Poor and Sick was:

Amalie Sieveking.

65. The artist whose work garnered the highest price at the first Impressionist auction was:

Berthe Morisot.

25. The "open door" policy was to allow more freedom of trade in so-called spheres of influence in:

China.

43. During the Progressive era in the United States, all of the following reforms were adopted EXCEPT:

Civil Rights Acts.

10. The event which exemplified renewed anti-Semitism in France in the late nineteenth century was the:

Dreyfus affair.

6. The Triple Alliance before 1914 included which of the following countries?

Germany, Austria, Italy.

37. The Triple Entente before 1914 included which of the following countries?

Great Britain, France, Russia.

18. In order to implement the Liberal Party's social reform program, David Lloyd George radically curtailed the power of the:

House of Lords.

53. In art, modernism found its beginnings in the work of Pissarro called:

Impressionism.

30. Inquiry into the disintegrative processes within atoms became a central theme in the new physics in part due to the experimental work of:

Marie and Pierre Curie on radium and radiation.

44. Who said, "All this colonial business is a sham, but we need it for the elections"?

Otto von Bismarck.

52. The Catholic Church took a rigid stand against modern ideas including religious toleration, freedom of speech, and freedom of the press under the direction of conservative popes such as:

Pius IX.

13. The primary antagonists in the Balkans region were:

Serbs and Austrians.

28. Just prior to World War I, the European intellectual community was marked by:

a sense of confusion and anxiety leading to feelings of imminent catastrophe.

21. Theodor Herzl, the leader of the Zionist movement,:

advocated the creation of a Jewish state in Palestine.

27. The Bolshevik takeover in November 1917 could best be described as:

an armed takeover of the capital.

1. The Meiji Restoration in Japan:

created a political system democratic in form but rigidly authoritarian in practice AND sent many Japanese abroad to be educated in the ways of the west and adopted many western reforms in political and military organization.

34. Using Darwin's terminology, Herbert Spencer argued that:

human societies were organism evolving through time by struggling with their environments.

15. Using Darwin's terminology, Herbert Spencer argued that:

human societies were organisms evolving through time by struggling with their environments.

47. Freud maintained that a human being's inner life was a battleground between all of the following:

id, the ego, the superego and the unconscious.

36. The greatest difference between naturalism and realism in literature was:

in general, naturalism was more pessimistic than realism.

16. Among the notable achievements of the British Liberals under Lloyd George was:

passage of the National Insurance Act of 1911 providing sickness and unemployment benefits to workers.

17. Marie Curie won two Nobel prizes for her achievements in:

physics and chemistry.

2. British rule brought all of the following to India in the late nineteenth century EXCEPT:

political democracy.

24. Maria Montessori exemplifies the "new woman" of modern times in that:

she obtained a professional degree and applied her expertise to new fields of inquiry like early childhood development.

62. The BASIS of the Bismarckian System was:

the isolation of France through a series of military alliances.

23. By the late nineteenth century, which of the following groups had emerged as labor's dominant voice in the United States?

the American Federation of Labor.

39. Russia's disastrous defeat in the Russo-Japanese war indirectly led to the:

the Revolution of 1905.

20. The mid-Pacific islands became a sphere of influence of:

the United States.

64. The response of religious institutions to the challenges of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries included all of the following EXCEPT:

the Women's Social and Political Union.

14. Social Darwinism was:

the application of Darwin's principle of organic evolution to the social order.

38. Which of the following was not an argument to justify imperialism at the turn of the century?

the argument to lessen the burden of excess European population, especially criminals and other "undesirables".

12. Growing tensions in modern German society were exemplified by:

the proliferation of ultra-nationalist right-wing political groups with anti-Semitic, racist, and imperialist beliefs

29. The experimental work of early twentieth-century physicists challenged and ultimately invalidated:

the rational, mechanical conception of the universe posited in the physics of Newton.

46. According to Houston Stewart Chamberlain, the Aryans were:

the real creators of western culture.

31. The quantum theory of energy developed by Max Planck raised fundamental questions about:

the subatomic realm of the atom and the basic building blocks of the material world.

19. To advance the cause of women's suffrage, the Women's Social & Political Union founded by Emmeline Pankhurst and her daughters:

took a radical, public, and well publicized approach to the movement, employing different media and provocative public actions, like pelting male politicians with eggs.

48. According to Freud, the superego:

was the locus of conscience and represented the inhibitions and moral values society in general and parents in particular impose upon people.

61. The "Boxers":

were Chinese who attempted to expel all foreigners from the country through armed rebellion.

58. During the nineteenth century, Jews:

were emancipated in most countries, but still faced restrictions.