AP Gov Mod 1 Exam

Which fundamental principle of American democracy is reflected in the image?

... (NOT FEDERALISM)

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of separation of powers to checks and balances? (A)The President oversees enforcement of a law.The Supreme Court declares an Executive Order unconstitutional. (B)The Senate votes down the appointment of a new Attorney General.Congress withholds funding from a federal agency. (C)The President vetoes a bill.The President nominates a friend as a Supreme Court justice. (D)A federal court rules on the bankruptcy of a large corporation.The President nominates an ambassador to Germany.

A

The federal government regulates wheat production in order to maintain interstate trade. Which constitutional clause supports the federal government's action in this scenario?

Commerce clause

In that opinion we held that the bulk telephone metadata was not authorized by provisions of the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001.— According to the U.S. Court of Appeals, which constitutional amendment did the gathering of telephone data described above violate?

Fourth Amendment

Which statement about the central government under the Articles of Confederation accurately explains the graph data?

It lacked the power to collect taxes, leaving the first Congress under the Constitution with a great deal of unpaid debt until it could pass its first revenue legislation.

The table is an excerpt from the 2016 Supreme Court Statistics of the Harvard Law Review (page 14 of the PDF file). The table shows the types of cases the U.S. Supreme Court decided in 2016, including the number of cases where the principal issue was constitutionality and the number of cases that were decided either in favor of the government or against it. Which feature of limited government is reflected in the table?

Judicial Review

What type of federalism does California favor, as evidenced by the state's legalization of the sale of recreational marijuana in 2017 though it was still illegal under federal law?

New federalism

John Locke used the claim that men are naturally free and equal as part of the justification for understanding legitimate political government as the result of a social contract where people in the state of nature conditionally transfer some of their rights to the government in order to better ensure the stable, comfortable enjoyment of their lives, liberty, and property. Since governments exist by the consent of the people in order to protect the rights of the people and promote the public good, governments that fail to do so can be resisted and replaced with new governments. What conclusion about Locke's theory of government can be drawn from the passage?

People transfer some rights to government to protect their life and liberty.

Which of the following principles best describes the governmental ideal indicated in the Preamble of the U.S. Constitution?

Popular sovereignty

Which two methods of selecting a president were merged to create the idea of the Electoral College?

Popular vote and selection by Congress

What concept from Federalist No. 10 is portrayed in the editorial cartoon?

Power of factions

Which statement explains the arguments articulated by James Madison in Federalist No. 51?

Powers separated among different departments are essential to prevent tyranny from any of the single branches.

Which statement summarizes James Madison's political philosophy based on his writings in Federalist No.10?

Protection of personal property should be the first priority of government.

An investigative committee hearing determines impeachment charges should be brought against the president, but after the impeachment process is complete, the president is not removed from office. What makes it so difficult to remove the president from office?

Qualified majorities need to be obtained in order to be convicted of impeachment.

Which of the following problems regarding the ratification process for a constitutional amendment endures today?

Ratification requires an extensive process including support from two-thirds of both houses of Congress and three-fourths of the states or state ratifying conventions.

Based on the above table, what might be a reason for the Anti-Federalists to oppose the Constitution?

Representatives should have their offices close to the people.

Which of the following demonstrated key challenges posed by the corresponding document?

Taxation powers—Articles of Confederation

A state has a highway speed limit of 75 miles per hour. The federal government mandates that all states set highway speed limits to 55 mph. The state sues the federal government, and the case goes to the Supreme Court. Which constitutional amendment would support a Supreme Court decision to uphold the right of the state?

Tenth Amendment

Which of the following correctly identifies the reason why the Federalists supported replacing the Articles of Confederation, and the solution created in the Constitution?

The Articles of Confederation lacked the power to collect taxes at the national level, so the Constitution gave Congress the right to levy and collect taxes.

In every State, a certain proportion of inhabitants are deprived of [the right to vote] by the constitution of the State, who will be included in the census by which the federal Constitution apportions the representatives. In this point of view the Southern States might retort the complaint, by insisting that the principle laid down by the convention required that no regard should be had to the policy of particular States towards their own inhabitants; and consequently, that the slaves, as inhabitants, should have been admitted into the census according to their full number, in like manner with other inhabitants, who, by the policy of other States, are not admitted to all the rights of citizens. A rigorous adherence, however, to this principle, is waived by those who would be gainers by it. All that they ask is that equal moderation be shown on the other side. Let the case of the slaves be considered, as it is in truth, a peculiar one. —James Madison, from Federalist Paper No. 54 In the excerpt above, which compromise is Madison arguing in support of in order to ensure the passage of the Constitution?

The Three-Fifths Compromise

Which of the following powers is shared between the federal and state governments?

The power to establish courts

Which statement describes the element of checks and balances shown here?

The president has the power to veto a bill.

The FBI forces an internet provider to give the agency personal information and browsing history for one of the internet provider's customers without a warrant because the individual is suspected of terrorist activities. Which option grants the federal government the power to obtain this information without a warrant?

USA PATRIOT Act

Which of the following issues did the Bill of Rights leave unanswered?

Whether the federal government can define religion

This map depicting laws pertaining to enforcement of safety belt use for adults in each state illustrates the balance of state and federal powers as one in which

states can determine their own policies in areas not claimed by the federal government