AP gov test unit 2

Which of the following businesses would most likely be directly affected by Congressional legislation based upon the powers in the commerce clause?

A New York bakery that sells croissants in the tri-state area

Which of the following scenarios is an example of the trustee model of representation?

A member of Congress votes to close a popular tax loophole based on the belief that the money would be better spent paying down the national debt.

Based on the data, which of the following is the most likely consequence for the legislative process in Congress?

An increase in gridlock and failure to compromise on legislation

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate? A: House of Representatives: The majority and minority parties control legislative scheduling and rules equally. Senate: Minority party members can threaten to filibuster a bill the majority party wants to pass. B: House of Representatives: The Constitution's framers intended it to reflect the will of the people. Senate: The Constitution's framers designed it to represent the interests of the states. C: House of Representatives: Most legislative work takes place in the standing committees. Senate: Based on its size, it tends to have stricter rules affecting the legislative process. D: House of Representatives: Members serve two-year terms with a term limit of up to twelve years. Senate: Members serve six-year terms with no term limits.

B

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the rules for debate used by the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate? A: House of Representatives: Debate is unlimited. Senate: Debate is unlimited B: House of Representatives: members can filibuster Senate: members cannot filibuster C: House of Representatives: Debate is limited Senate: Members can filibuster D: House of Representatives: members cannot filibuster Senate: only the majority leader can filibuster

C

When a bill passes the House and the Senate in different versions, the bill is resolved by which of the following types of committee?

Conference

The number of justices on the United States Supreme Court is set by

Congress

Which of the following is empowered to create new federal courts and specify the number of judges who will sit on them?

Congress

Which of the following explains an action Congress can take that would have the most influence on the data on the graphs?

Congress can pass legislation that changes the federal salary structure.

Which of the following explains how Congress would most likely respond if it were concerned about the slight increase in spending over time, as indicated by the bar chart?

Congress could vote to reduce spending on the Department of Homeland Security in the next year's budget.

Congress is most likely to exert oversight of the executive bureaucracy in which of the following ways?

Controlling an executive agency's annual budget

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate? A. House of Representatives: Led by the president pro tempore Senate: Led by the vice president B. House of Representatives: Initiates revenue bills Senate: Nominates cabinet members C. House of Representatives: Must approve Supreme Court nominees Senate: Must approve treaties D. House of Representatives: Debate on bills is limited Senate: Debate on bills can be unlimited

D

Which of the following is the most likely consequence of divided government?

Delays in confirmation of federal court nominees

Which of the following is an example of congressional oversight?

Holding hearings for review of an executive agency's activities

In 2013 a parliamentary procedure was implemented in the Senate that allowed a simple majority vote to end debate on Cabinet member confirmations. Which of the following best explains how the procedural change relates to the information in the graphic?

If the procedural change had not occurred, Republican senators would not have been able to immediately invoke cloture of a filibuster.

Which of the following statements about the Senate is true?

Individual senators can exercise substantial influence over the legislative process.

On July 9, 2018, after the retirement of Justice Anthony Kennedy, President Trump, a Republican, nominated Brett Kavanaugh to the Supreme Court. Many Democrats in the Senate feared that the appointment of Kavanaugh would swing the Court in a more ideologically conservative direction and attempted to block his nomination. After a heated Senate confirmation hearing, Kavanaugh was eventually confirmed by a 50-48 vote in the Senate. The scenario best highlights which of the following statements about court appointees?

Life tenure for appointed justices alongside the power of judicial review increases the stakes in the confirmation process for nominees to the Supreme Court

Members of the United States Senate Committee on Armed Forces are concerned about the President using the military for action that the majority feels is unnecessary and unwarranted. Which of the following is the most effective action the committee can take to address the situation?

Limit or deny appropriations for the military action

Which of the following best describes pork barrel politics?

Members of Congress negotiate bills so that individual districts get money for projects that do not benefit the nation as a whole.

Which of the following is the best conclusion that can be drawn from the data in the table?

Public concern over the Vietnam War led Congress to hold more hearings to consider using the power of the purse to influence the conduct of the war.

A new president has been elected after running on a campaign of lowering taxes and reducing spending on discretionary programs but now must work with Congress to ensure legislation passes which achieves those goals. Which of the leaders in the diagram plays the most crucial role in shaping the legislation that the president wants passed?

Speaker of the House

A newly elected president faces a Senate controlled by the opposition party. Which of the following presidential appointments is the most likely to encounter difficulty with confirmation by the Senate?

Supreme Court justice

A person claiming that the House can pass legislation with a simple majority, but the Senate is unlikely to pass legislation unless a bill has the support of a 60-vote supermajority is most likely to cite which of the following institutional differences as the cause of this trend?

The House has strict limits on debate, while the Senate allows unlimited debate.

The Constitution states that all revenue bills must originate in

The United States House of Representatives

Which of the following conclusions can be drawn based on the table?

The bill was able to pass because some Republicans and Independents voted for it along with all Democrats.

Based on your knowledge and the diagram, which of the following is true regarding the leadership structure of Congress?

The role of the minority leader in both the House of Representatives and the Senate is to coordinate a strategy for the minority party.

Which of the following statements about motions for cloture is true?

They are used by senators to end a filibuster and bring a bill to a vote.

The United States Constitution says that Congress has the power to coin money.This is an example of

an enumerated power

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of checks on the legislative branch and checks on the executive branch?

check on legislative branch- The president may veto bills passed by Congress check on Executive branch- the senate must confirm judicial nominees

After extensive polling, a member of the House of Representatives learns that her constituents favor universal background checks for all gun purchases. Based on this information, the representative votes in favor of background checks in a criminal justice bill, although she personally opposes the provision. In doing so, she is acting as a

delegate

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the enumerated and implied powers of Congress?

enumerated power- raising revenue implied power- creating anti-pollution laws

The term "bicameralism" refers to the

establishment of two legislative chambers that have different structures and rules

Congressional oversight refers to the power of Congress to

exercise some control over executive agencies

"Pork barrel" legislation helps the reelection chances of a member of Congress because such legislation

helps earn the member of Congress a reputation for service to his or her district

The largest source of federal revenue is the

income tax

Federal benefits that must be funded by Congress and must be paid to all citizens who meet eligibility criteria are called

individual entitlements

The practice in Congress whereby Representative A promises to vote for Representative B's legislation, provided that Representative B will support Representative A's legislation, is referred to as

logrolling

Which of the following is an example of an implied power of Congress?

overseeing executive branch agencies

Congressional standing committees are best described as

permanent subject-matter committees

An example of a discretionary item in the federal budget is

spending on national parks