AP Physics Final
in what reference frame does a projectile launched at speed v0 at angle theta above the horizontal move only in the vertical direction
in a reference frame that moves horizontally at speed v0 cos theta
what would shape of P vs T graph look like (up to 5 m/s)
negative curve from x-axis
a projectile is fired with initial velocity V0
negative straight line slope that starts positive and goes negative, and negative 0 slope line
a heavy sled and a light sled, both moving horizontally with the same kinetic energy, suddenly slide onto a rough patch of snow and eventually come to a stop. the coefficient of kinetic friction between the sleds and the rough snow is the same for both of them. which of the following statements about these sleds are correct
on the rough snow, the change in kinetic energy will be the same for both sleds, and the friction from the snow will do the same amount of work on both sleds
data was collected as a student dragged a wooden box across a table, as shown above. which data set is accurate
set 2
a meterstick is held as shown above and then released from rest. the tabletop has negligible friction. which figure below best indicates the path of the center of mass of the meterstick as it falls
straight down
what would shape of A vs T graph look like (up to 5 m/s)
straight line below x-axis
while running, how should you throw a ball with respect to you so that you can catch it yourself
straight up
two cyclists who weight the same and have identical bicycle ride up the same mountain, both starting at the same time. Joe rides straught up the mountain and Bob rides up the longer road that has a lower grade. Noe gets to the top before Bob. Ignoring friction and wind resistance, which one of the following statements is true?
the amount of work down by Joe is equal to the amount of work done by Bob, but the average power exerted by Joe is greater than that of Bob
an astronaut on a strange new planet finds that she can jump
v^2=v0^2 +2a(x-x0)
units of power include which of the following
watt and joule per second
The displacement x of an object moving along the x-axis is shown above as a function of time t. The acceleration of this object must be
zero
a ball is suspended by a lightweight string, as shown in the figure above. the ball is displaced to position 1 and released. the four laveled positions are evenly spaced along the arc of the ball's motion. between which adjacent pairs of positions is the change in kinetic energy of the ball greatest
1 and 2
An object has a weight W when it is on the surface of a planet of radius R. What will be the gravitational force on the object after it has been moved to a distance of 4R from the center of the planet?
1/16W , W=G1G2/r^2
the six figures below depict six model rockets that have just had their engines turned off. all of the rockets are aimed straight up, but their speeds differ. all of the rockets are of teh same size and shape, but their masses differ. the specific mass and speed for each rocket is given in each figure. (in this situation, we are going to ignore any effect air resistance may have on the rockets.) at the enstant when the engines are turned off, the rockets are all the same height
1/2mv^2=mgh, h=v^2/2g, BF, AE, CD
A force produces power P by doing work W in a time t. what power will be produced by a force that does six times as much work in half as much time
12P
a force F is exerted on a 5 kg block to move it across a rough surface, as shown above. the magnitude of the force is inititally 5 N and the block moves at a constant velocity. while the block is moving, the force is instantaneiously increased to 12 N. How much kinetic energy does the block now gain as it moves a distanct of 2 m?
14 J
the figure above shows a 100 kg block being released from rest from a height of 1 m. it then takes 0.53 s for it to reach the floor. what is the mass m of the block on the left
16 kg
the figure above shows an objects acceleration versus force graph, what is the mass of this object
2.5 g
Planet Z-34 has a mass equal to 1/3 that of Earth, a radius equal to 1/3 that of Earth, and an axial spin rate 1/2 that of Earth. With g representing, as usual, the acceleration due to gravity on the surface of Earth, the acceleration due to gravity on the surface of Z-34 is
3g
a small car and a large suv are at a stoplight. the car has a mass equal to half that of the suv and the suv can produce a maximum accelerating force equal to twice of that of the car
it is a tie
the figure above shows a rough semicircular track whose ends are at a vertical height h. a block placed at point P at end of the track is released from rest and slides 'past the bottom of the track. which of the following is true of the height to which the block rises on the other side of the track
it is between zero and h; the exact height depends on how much energy is lost to friction
in which of the following situations would an object be accelerated
it moves with circular motion and it travels as a projectile in a gravitational field with negligible air resistance
Two boxes P and Q on a perfectly smooth horizontal surface are connected by a light horizontal cord. The mass of P is greater than that of Q. A horizontal force F is applied to box Q as shown in the figure, accelerating the bodies to the right. The magnitude of the force exerted by the connecting cord on body P is
less than F but not zero
the acceleration of gravity is lower on the moon than on earth, which of the following statements is true about the mass and weight of an astronaut on the moons surface, compared to earth
mass is the same, weight is less
a person who normally weighs 700N is riding in an elevator that is moving upward but slowing down at a steady rate. if this person is standing on a bathroom scale inside the elevator, what would the scale read
more than 700N
a crate is sliding down an inclined ramp at a constant speed of 0.55 m/s. the vector sum of all the forces acting on this crate must point
none of these choices are correct
three objects can only move along a straight, level path
positive straight line slope from origin and positive straight line 0 slope
a ball is thrown horizontally from the top of a tower at the same instant that a stone is dropped vertically, which object has the greater VR
the ball
a player kicks a soccer ball in a high arc towards the opponents goal
the ball's vertical acceleration is not zero but its vertical velocity is zero, the balls vertical acceleration points downward
When a car goes around a circular curve on a horizontal road at constant speed, what force causes it to follow the circular path?
the friction force from the road
A heavy dart and a light dart are launched horizontally on a frictionless table by identical ideal springs. Both springs were initially compressed by the same amount. Which of the following statements about these darts are correct?
the light dart goes higher than the heavy dart, and at the maximum height, both darts have the same gravitational potential energy
a crate of weight W is being pulled along a horizontal surface a constant speed V by a force F, which acts at an angle of theta with the horizontal as shown above, how does the normal force exerted on the crate compare of FN
the new normal force is less than FN
in each case below, a string is attatched to one of more identical blocks. all of the masses are at rest, and the strings are so light that they can be considered massless.
the tension is the same for all cases
Two objects have masses m and 5m, respectively. They both are placed side by side on a frictionless inclined ramp and allowed to slide down from rest without any air resistance. Which one of the following statements about these objects is correct?
the two objects reach the bottom of the ramp at exactly the same time
a push broom of mass m is pushed across a rough horizontal floor by a force of magnitude T directed at angle theta as shown above. The coefficient of friction between the broom and the floor is u. The frictional force on the broom has magnitude
u(mg+Tsin theta)
rank the orbital velocities of these 6 satellites from least to greatest, that are currently in orbit around planet Xenon (M Xenon=5.68x10^26 kg)
use equation v=(GM/r)^1/2 , F, B, CE, AD
each of 5 satellites makes a circular orbit about an object that is much more massive than any of the satellites. the mass and orbital radius of each satellite are given below. which satellite has the greatest speed
v=gm/r^1/2 , mass=m and radius=1/2R
an automobile moves at constant speed down one hill and up another hill along the smoothly curved surface shown above. which of the following diagrams best represents the directions of the velocity and the acceleration of the automobile at the instant that it is at the lowest position
velocity=slope of 0 pointing right acceleration=straight up
When you drop a pebble from height H, it reaches the ground with speed V if there is no air resistance. From what height should you drop it so it will reach the ground with twice speed?
4H
a ball is fired from a cannon at point 1 and follows the trajectory; which vector best represents the balls acceleration at position 2
A, straight down
rank the above situations, from least to greatest, on the basis of the magnitude of the frictional force acting on the block
A<DF<C<BE
which parts show a negative acceleration
AD
which part shows show the object moving in a positive direction (F finishes postive)
AEF
rank these trucks from shortest to longest based on how long the truck is in the air
AEF, D, BC
rank these trucks from shortest to longest based on range when the truck hits the floor
B, F, D, E, C, A
three identicalblocks each take a different path from a height h to the ground. block A is released from rest and falls vertically. block B is released from rest and slides down a frictionless incline. block C is projected horzontally with an initial speed v. which block takes the longest time to reach the ground
B; sliding down incline
which parts show the object slowing down (F finishes positive)
BF
the three strings in the arrangement are massless, and the mass of the ring can also be ignored, string 1 is 1 meter long and string 2 is 2 meters long. who do you agree with?
Bella; the tension in string 2 will be greater than the tension in string 1 because this string is at a smaller angle to the vertical
a small heavy box of emergecy supplies is dropped from a moving helicopter at point A as it flies constant speed in a horizontal direction. as seen by the person inside the helicopter
C, negative slope straight line
which block has the greatest speed just bvefore hitting the ground
C; projected horizontally with an initial speed v
which parts show the object moving in a negative direction
CD
which parts show the object speeding up (F finishes positive)
CE
rank the magnitudes of the accelerations from greatest to least
CE>B>A>D
a ball is fired from a cannon at point 1 and follows the trajectory; which vector best represents the balls velocity at position 2
D, diaglonally up
Mary and Debra stand on a snow-covered roof. They both throw snowballs with the same initial speed, but in different directions. Mary throws her snowball downward, at 30° below the horizontal; Debra throws her snowball upward, at 30° above the horizontal. Which of the following statements are true about just as the snowballs reach the ground below? (There could be more than one correct choice.)
Debras snowball has exactly the same acceleration as Marys, Debras snowball will stay in the air longer than Marys
the normal force exerted on the crate by the surface has magnitude
W-Fsin theta
at what time wouled maximum velocity occur
10 s
what is the displacement from 4 to 10s
10.5 m
Two blocks, A and B, are being pulled to the right along a horizontal surface by a horizontal 100-N pull, as shown in the figure. Both of them are moving together at a constant velocity of 2.0 m/s to the right, and both weigh the same. Which of the figures below shows a correct free-body diagram of the horizontal forces acting on the lower block, B?
100N pulling to the left and right of box B
at what time would maximum velocity occur (up to 5 m/s)
10s
what is the distance traveled between 2 and 10s
23 m
identify the pair of force vectors (the arrows) that correctly compare the gravitational force exerted on A by B with the gravitational force exerted on B by A
2; equal size arrows pointing towards each other
the average speed during the interval between 1 and 2s is most nearly
6 m/s
which part shows show a negative acceleration (F finishes postive)
CF
rank magnitudes from least to greatest of the accelerations
D, ABE, C
an object is moving to the right with speed v, when a force of magnitude F is esxerted on it. in which of the following situations is the object's diretion of motion changing and kinetic energy decreasing at the instant shown
F pointing diagonally left and up, v1 pointing right
you throw a ball veritcally upward, from the time it leaves your hand until just before it returns to your hand, where is it located when the magnitude of its acceleration is greatest
acceleration is the same during the entire flight
a push of magnitude P acts on a box of weight W as shown in the figure. the push is directed at angle theta below the horizontal and the box remains at rest. the box rests on a horizontal surface that has some friction with the box. the friction force of the box due to the floor is equal to
P cos theta
a water skier with weight F=mg moves to the right with acceleration a. horizontal tension force T is exerted on the skier by the rope, and a horizontal drag force Fd is exerted by the water on the ski. the water also exerts a vertical lift force L on the skier. which of the following are correct relationships between the forces exerted on the skier-ski system
T-Fd=ma, L-Fg=0
three boxes above are pulled along a horizontal frictionless floor by a constant horizontal pull P. the boxes are connected by very light horizontal strings having tensions T1 and T2 as shown in the figure.
T1>T2
A ball of mass m is suspended from two strings of unequal length as shown above. The tensions T1 and T2 in the strings must satisfy which of the following relations?
T2>T1
Two boxes are connected to each other by a string as shown in the figure. The 10-N box slides without friction on the horizontal table surface. The pulley is ideal and the string has negligible mass. What is true about the tension T in the string?
T<30N
two identical grasshoppers jump into the air with the same initial speed and experience no air resistance. grasshopper A goes straight up, but grasshopper B goes up at a 66 degree angle above the horizontal. which of the following statements about these grasshoppers are correct
at their highest point, grasshopper B is moving faster than grasshopper A, and at their highest point, both of them have the same amount of mechanical energy
some students have determined the gravitational mass of an object and want to compare it to the objects interital mass. Procedures that would allow them to accomplish this include which of the folllowing
attaching the object to a spring of known spring constant, allowing it to oscillate horizontally on a nearly frictionless surface, and measuring the period, also attaching the object to a force sensor, using the sensor to pull the object across a nearly frictionless surface, and measuring the acceleration
two satellites are in circular orbits around earth. satellite A has speed Va. satellite A has an orbital radius nine times that of satellite A. what is the speed of satellite B
Va/3
A pilot drops a package from a plane flying horizontally at a constant speed. Neglecting air resistance, when the package hits the ground the horizontal location of the plane will
be directly over the package
graph above shows the velocity versus time for an object moving in a straight line. at what time after t=0 does that object again pass through its initial position
between 1 and 2s
When a ball is thrown straight up with no air resistance, the acceleration at its highest point
downward
Halley's comet is in a highly elliptical orbit around the sun. therefore, the orbital speed of Halley's comet, while traveling around the sun
increases as it nears the sun
a student is asked to determine the work done on a block of wood when the block is pulled horizontally using an attached string. the student is supplied with a spring scale, a stopwatch, and a meterstick. whcih of the following graphical analysis techniques will allow the student to determine the work done on the block by the string
graphing the force as a function of distance and calculating the area under the curve
the two spheres pictured above have equal densities and are subject only to their mutual gravitational attraction. which of the following quantities must have the same magnitude for both spheres
gravitational force
a small block slides without friction along a track toward a circular loop. the block has more than enough speed to remain firmly in contact with the track as it goes around the loop. the magnitude of the blocks acceleration at the top of the loop is
greater than g
what is the displacement from 4 to 10s (up to 5 m/s)
13.5m
which parts show the object slowing down
AC
in the diagram above, at what point is the normal force the least
B; top of the loop the loop
which part shows show the object moving in a negative direction (F finishes postive)
BC
A block of mass m sits at rest on a rough inclined ramp that makes an angle 60 with the horizontal. What must be true about normal force F on the block due to the ramp
F=mgcos60, F=mgsin30
a ball is thrown and follows the parabolic path above, how do the speeds of the ball at the three points compare
VQ<VP=VR
when an object of weight W is suspended from the center of a massless string as shwon above, the tension at any point in the string is
W/(2cos)
in the figure below, all boxes are stationary on an incline. all boxes and inclines are made of the same material. all boxes are inclined at the same degree. rank boxes from least to greatest in terms of the coefficient of static friction
all are equal
what would the shape of a P vs. T graph look like for part A from the graph above
curve down below x-axis
in the figure above, what does the spring scale read? the pulleys are ideal and the strings and scale are also massless - two blocks weighing 1.0 N each
exactly 1.0 N
A box is placed on a table which rests on the floor. The box pushes on the table; the reaction force to the box's push on the table is the table's push on the floor.
false
A spaceship is traveling to the Moon. At what point is it beyond the pull of Earth's gravity?
it is never beyond the pull of earth's gravity
what would a V vs T graph look like for a ball being tossed into the air
negative straight line starting above x-axis
object moves away from a motion detector with constant speed
positive slope straight line starting from origin
You are in a train traveling on a horizontal track and notice that a piece of luggage starts to slide directly toward the front of the train. From this observation, you can conclude that this train is
slowing down
above is a graph of the force a horse applied to a sled to pull it at a constant velocity across a yard.
static=0.31, kinetic=0.17
An object is moving with constant non-zero velocity. Which of the following statements about it must be true?
the net force on the object is zero