AP Psych Module 77 Prejudice and Discrimination

Outgroup

"Them"- those perceived as different or apart from our ingroup.

Ingroup

"Us"- people with whom we share a common identity. Social Roots of prejudice include social inequalities and divisions: - Higher status groups often justify privileged position with *just-world phenomenon* - We tend to favor our own group as we divide into "us" and "them".

Stereotype

A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) *belief* about a group of people.

Prejudice

An unjustifiable and usually *negative attitude* toward a group and its members. Prejudice generally involves: 1. Stereotyped Beliefs 2. Negative Feelings/Emotions 3. Predisposition to discriminatory action

Which of the following is an example of ingroup bias?

Derek believes his t-ball team is the best in the team.

Which of the following accurately describes the just-world phenomenon?

It's the belief that most people get what they deserve and deserve what they get.

Which of the following is true of prejudice in recent years?

Overt prejudice has been decreasing more than subtle prejudice.

Has prejudice decreased over time?

Overt prejudice in North America has decreased over time, but implicit prejudice (an automatic attitude) continues.

Is prejudice or discrimination cognitive?

Prejudice is cognitive and discrimination is a behavior motivated by prejudice. Prejudice grows from our natural ways of processing information: forming categories, remembering vivid cases, and believing that the world is just and our own and our culture's way of doing things are the right way.

Which of the following is the primary distinction between prejudice and discrimination?

Prejudice is cognitive and discrimination is behavioral.

A member of one racial group viciously beats someone from a different racial group. The incident is widely publicized in the local media. Which of the following best describes this incident?

Scapegoat theory

Ingroup Bias

The tendency to favor our own group, "us".

Other-Race Effect

The tendency to recall faces of one's own race more accurately than faces of other races. Also called the *cross-race effect* or the *own-race bias*.

Scapegoat Theory

The theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame.

Discrimination

Unjustifiable *negative behavior* toward a group and its members.