AP PSYCH UNIT 3

Cones are:

retinal receptors that detect color and fine detail

Drivers detect traffic signals more slowly is they are also conversing on a cell phone. This best illustrates the impact of:

selective attention

The human vestibular sense is most commonly associated with

semicircular canals

Drivers sometimes over estimate the distance between their own vehicle and pedestrians who are short because they rely on a cue known as:

relative size

The impact of boredom and fatigue on people's absolute threshold is highlighted by:

Signal detection theory

The opponent-process theory is most useful for explaining the characteristics of

afterimages

If you move your watchband up your wrist an inch or so, you will feel it for only a few moments. This best illustrates:

sensory adaptation

monocular cue is to__ as binocular cue is to__.

texture gradient; convergence

Which of the following is the correct sequence of anatomical structure through which an auditory stimulus passes before its perceived as sound?

Auditory canal, eardrum, ossicles, oval window, cochlea

The outermost layer of the eye that protects it while also focusing light waves known as the:

Cornea

Seeing the whole image above is not the same as seeing the sum of its parts comes from psychology called

Gestalt

The mechanical vibrations triggered by sound waves are transduced into neural impulses by:

Hair cells

Ana injured her eye in an accident and has to wear a patch over the eye while it heals. Which if the following cues would she be best able to use to make judgements about the distance objects are from her?

Linear perspective

Joe Wilson, age 55, has been told by experts that a hearing aid would restore his lost sense of hearing, It is likely that Joe's hearing loss involves problems within the:

Middle ear

The brain's ability to make sense of color, depth, movement, and form simultaneously is called:

Parallel processing

What is umami?

The newest taste that describes a savory, meaty flavor

Scott lost his vision at a young age. When he was much older, he received a corneal transplant that allowed him to see again. After so many years of not being able to see, he had a very difficult time interpreting visual information such as faces and expressions. His visual problems most likely came from processing difficulties in the

Visual cortex

The size of the difference threshold is greater for heavier objects than for lighter ones. This best illustrates

Webers law

Which theory maintains that the eye has three types of cones (red, green, and blue) that are responsible for humans to see the visible light spectrum?

Young-Helmholtz Trichromatic Theory

Retinal disparity is:

a binocular cue caused by the varying distance between your two eyes that creates two distinct fields of vision

convergence is:

a binocular cue that involves the inward strain of eye muscles

The minimum intensity at which a stimulus can be detected at least 50 percent of the time is known as the

absolute threshold

visual information is processed by ganglion cells

after it is processed by rods and cones and after it is processed by bipolar cells

One year old Marcus turns away in disgust if a bitter substance is placed on this tounge. The reason for such a reaction is most likely

an inborn distaste for bitter that protects us from potential poisons in the envirpnment

Feature detectors

are nerve calls in a brain visual cortex that fire in response to specific edges, lines, and angles.

Which of the following is a possible reason why cats can see better at night than humans?

cats have a higher proportion of rods to cones

Receptor cells for the vestibular sense send messages to the:

cerebellum

When organizing information to provide a meaningful perception the brain will fill the gaps of things that are not there in order to complete the perception. This is a illustration of:

closure

The coiled tube in the inner ear that contains the auditory receptors is called the

cochlea

The hammer, anvil, and stirrup are three tiny bones that transmit vibrations to the:

cochlea

After a horrific car accident Jenny suffered from conduction hearing loss. Which of the following best describes why she can no longer hear?

damage to mechanical system

The cocktail party effect is your ability to selectively attend to one voice among many. This ability also illustrates the Gestalt principle of

figure and ground

Intensity is to brightness as wavelength is to:

frequency

Which of the following theories most accurately explains pitch perception?

frequency; place(11 and III only)

Which theory suggests that we have naturally produced opioid-peptides that block ability for substance P to transmit pain signals?

gate control theory

Morgan and her friend attended a punk rock concert over the weekend. As the band began to play Morgan recognized the song as her favorite one. As the song continued noise and cheers of the people around her grew louder. The measurement of the point in which Morgan noticed a difference in how loud those around her were being known as:

just noticeable difference

The sensory experience of bending ones knees or raising ones arms exemplifies:

kinesthesis

After light passes through the pupil it is focused on the retina by the:

lens

The phi phenomenon is when:

lights blink in rapid succession and produce the illusion of movement

As Raj painted a picture for his art class he was careful to add depth to his painting by making his river more narrow towards the top part of the canvas. This illustrates:

linear perspective- A monocular cue that uses converging parallel lines to determine distance

Every day Matt drove to school his listened to his radio in the car. When he heard a song he liked he would turn the music up as high as it would go and sing at the top of his lungs. His brain was aware of the increase in volume because:

more hairs on the basilar membrane were triggered which sent more neural impulses to the brain at one time

a person who puts on inverted goggles will eventually be able to function normally because of:

perceptual adaptation

People perceive an adult-child pair as looking more alike when told they are parent and child. This best illustrates the impact of:

perceptual set

The number of complete sound waves that strike ones eardrum in a given second determines the ________ of the sound

pitch

Which theory states that we hear different pitches because different parts of the cochlea's basilar membrane

place theory

What is the proper process of how we interpret smell?

sense receptors in the nose send neural signals to the olfactory bulb

Because Rivers olfactory bulb is near his hippocampus what he___ is closely liked to his __.

smells; memory

We tend to perceive more pain when others around us also report feeling pain. This research findings indicates that pain perception is affected by both biological and what other influences?

socio-cultural

The intensity of what you see are determined by:

the amplitude of the wave

Gibson and Walk are famous for determining that by the tome a species is mobile, it has all the perception abilities it needs in order to survive. They determined that crawling infants have depth perception using the ____, a platform with a perceived drop at one end

visual cliff