ap psych unit2
which of the following correlation coefficients expresses the weakest degree of the relationship between two variables ?
-0.12
to be considered statistically significant your results must show that you are at least _____________ certain that the change to the dependent variable was caused by the independent variable
95%
who decides in the U.S. if experiments meet the ethical guidelines?
Institutional Review Board
The case study is a research method in which
a single individual is studied in great depth
what is the biggest advantage that case studies have over experiments?
allows researchers to study topics that might be unethical if doing an experiment
all the following are major guidelines of ethical treatment when using human subjects except which?
appropriate
what are the ABC's of ethics for animal research?
appropriate, beneficial, caring
Suppose that people who watch a lot of violence on TV are also particularly likely to behave aggressively. This relationship would NOT necessarily indicate that watching violence influences aggressive behavior because
association does not prove causation
what is the biggest weakness of naturalistic observation?
can't control the variables
which of the following is a statistical measure of both the direction and the strength of a relationship between two variables...
correlation coefficient
to discover the extent to which economic status can be used to predict political preferences, researchers are most likely to use....
correlational measures
three key attitudes of scientific inquiry is....
curiosity, skepticism, humility
in a psychological experiment, the factor that may be influenced by the manipulated experimental treatment is called the ............. variable
dependent
Both the researchers and the participants in a memory study are ignorant about which participants have actually received a potentially memory-enhancing drug and which have received a placebo. This investigation involves the use of
double blind procedure
which research method provides the best way of assessing whether cigarette smoking boosts mental alertness?
experiment
The group exposed to a newly created drug that is being tested in an experiment is called the ________ group.
experimental
correlation is the measure of the extent which two factors...
have a relationship
Professor Smith told one class that drinking alcohol has been found to increase sexual desire. He informed another class that drinking alcohol has been found to reduce sexual appetite. The fact that neither class was surprised by the information they received best illustrates the power of......
hindsight bias
in a psychological experiment, the experimental factor that is manipulated by the investigator is called the ____________ variable
independent variable
To assess the influence of self-esteem on interpersonal attraction, researchers either insulted or complimented students about their physical appearance just before they went on a blind date. In this research, the dependent variable was...
interpersonal attraction
for a sample to be representative it must be random and ....
large enough
a correlation between physical attractiveness and dating frequency of +0.60 would indicate that...
less frequent dating is associated with lower levels of physical attractiveness
the biggest danger of relying on case study evidence is that it....
may be difficult to generalize results to a wider population
Professor Ober carefully observes and records the behaviors of children in their classrooms in order to track the development of their social and intellectual skills. Professor Ober is most clearly engaged in....
naturalist observation
If psychologists discovered that wealthy people are less satisfied with their marriages than poor people are, this would indicate that wealth and marital satisfaction are
negatively correlated
in a written report of their research, psychologists specify exactly how anxiety is assessed, thus providing their readers w/ a ....
operational definition
Replication of a research study is most likely to be facilitated by
operational definitions
Our tendency to believe we know more than we do illustrates...
overconfidence
In a study of the effects of drinking alcohol, some participants drank a nonalcoholic beverage that actually smelled and tasted like alcohol. This nonalcoholic drink was a...
placebo
to learn about the TV viewing habits of all the children attending Oakbridge School, Professor DeVries randomly selected and interviewed 50 of the school's students. In this instance, all the children attending the school are considered to be a(n)?
population
correlational research is most useful for purposes of....
prediction
To assess the impact of test difficulty on persistence of effort, researchers plan to give one group of children relatively easy tests and another group more difficult tests. To reduce the chance that the children in one group are more intelligent than those in the other group, the researchers should make use of
random assignment
When every individual in a large population has a small but equal chance of being included in a survey, researchers are using a procedure known as.....
random sampling
To represent the correlation between two variables graphically, researchers often construct a
scatterplot graph
a hypothesis is ....
testable prediction that gives direction to research
which of the following methods is the most helpful for clarifying cause-effect relationships?
the experiment
which of the following is true for those assigned to a control group?
the experimental treatment is absent
Which research method would be most appropriate for investigating the relationship between the religious beliefs of Americans and their attitudes toward abortion?
the survey
all the following are true of surveys except...
they are expensive