AP Psychology Chapter 10 Multiple Choice Practice
What do we call the ability to control impulses and delay gratification? a. Self-actualization b. External locus of control c. Independence d. Self-control e. Self-esteem
d. Self-control
Sigmund Freud called his theory of personality and the associated treatment techniques a. psychoanalysis. b. the humanistic approach. c. the self-concept. d. the psychosexual stages. e. free association.
a. psychoanalysis
According to Sigmund Freud, which of the following defense mechanisms buries threatening or upsetting events outside of consciousness? a. Regression b. Displacement c. Repression d. Projection e. Rationalization
c. Repression
What did Abraham Maslow call the process of fulfilling our potential? a. Love needs b. Self-esteem c. Self-actualization d. Self-transcendence e. Hierarchy of needs
c. Self-actualization
Critics of humanistic psychology have suggested that this theory fails to appreciate the reality of our human capacity for a. empathy. b. love. c. negativity. d. evil. e. laziness.
d. evil.
Our______ consists of all the thoughts and feelings we have in response to the question, "Who am I?" a. self-concept b. ideal self c. self-esteem d. empathy e. self-acceptance
a. self-concept
Collectivist cultures are characterized by members a. developing a strong sense of self. b. giving priority to group goals. c. forming casual, often temporary relationships. d. achieving personal goals. e. discovering how they are different from the group.
b. giving priority to group goals.
Athletes who often privately credit their victories to their own prowess, and their losses to bad breaks, lousy officiating, or the other team's exceptional performance are exhibiting a. a low self-esteem. b. the self-serving bias. c. pessimism. d. the spotlight effect. e. incompetence.
b. the self-serving bias.
According to Carl Rogers, when we are in a good marriage, a close family, or an intimate friendship, we are free to be spontaneous without fearing the loss of others' esteem. He called the accepting attitude that enables this freedom a. a peak experience. b. unconditional positive regard. c. self-transcendence. d. humanistic psychology. e. our self-concept.
b. unconditional positive regard.
People given little control over their world in prisons, factories, schools, and nursing homes experience a. personal control. b. reciprocal determinism. c. learned helplessness. d. self-actualization. e. projection.
c. learned helplessness.
Children's TV-viewing habits (past behavior) influence their viewing preferences (internal personal factor), which influences how television (environmental factor) affects their current behavior. This is an example of a. personal control. b. learned helplessness. c. reciprocal determinism. d. the Big Five traits. e. implicit learning.
c. reciprocal determinism.
Our self-focused perspective may motivate us, but it can also lead us to presume too readily that others are noticing and evaluating us. This is called a. self-monitoring. b. self-schemas. c. possible selves. d. the spotlight effect. e. the social-cognitive perspective.
d. the spotlight effect.
Brad Bushman and Roy Baumeister found that when criticized, people with unrealistically high self-esteem a. became exceptionally aggressive. b. were more receptive to the criticism. c. became easily depressed. d. worked harder to do better the next time. e. quit the task without completing it.
d. worked harder to do better the next time.
Albert Bandura proposed the social-cognitive perspective, which a. explains the nature-nurture debate. b. predicts human behavior. c. focuses on how our environment controls us. d. explains human motivation. e. emphasizes the interaction of our traits with our situations.
e. emphasizes the interaction of our traits with our situations.
Questionnaires covering a wide range of feelings and behaviors designed to assess several traits at once are called a. factor analysis studies. b. peer reports. c. achievement tests. d. cognition tests. e. personality inventories.
e. personality inventories.
