ap test

Changes in ideas about men's and women's gender roles in the family, resulting from the market revolution, most directly contributed to which of the following shifts in American social practices during the same period?

A new emphasis on the separation between the public and private spheres

Which of the following resulted from arguments made by Southern politicians, such as the one in the excerpt, in the years prior to the Civil War?

Slaveholders became more insistent that maintaining the slave system was essential to protecting the South and its way of life.

Which of the following pieces of evidence best supports the excerpt's depiction of reactions to slave rebellions?

Additional restrictions were placed on enslaved and free African Americans.

Which of the following groups would mostly likely have supported this proposed amendment?

Advocates of limiting federal powers to those specifically written into the Constitution

Innovations in shipping and the growth of commercial networks were most directly related to which of the following other developments of the first half of the nineteenth century?

An increase in the number of Americans moving west of the Appalachian Mountains

Which of the following best explains the cause of the emergence of new political parties in the early nineteenth century?

Continued debates over the proper role of the federal government

Which of the following explains how the growth of a market-based economy in the United States in the early 1800s most directly influenced changes in gender roles?

As home and the workplace became separated, women were increasingly expected to be responsible for housework and childcare while men took jobs outside the home.

The ideas expressed by John C. Calhoun and others who shared his views on slavery had which of the following effects on emerging abolitionist movements in the years leading up to the Civil War?

As many people came to see slavery as part of the Southern way of life, attitudes on both sides of the slavery argument hardened so that political compromise became difficult.

Which of the following most directly contributed to the development described in the excerpt?

A belief by southern businessmen that the southern economy should focus on the export of select agricultural products

Which of the following can be concluded about the United States based on the author's descriptions in the excerpt?

A common national culture was developing.

In the first half of the 1800s, which of the following resulted from the debates about the cotton economy described in the excerpt?

A distinct Southern economic and cultural identity emerged.

Which of the following political changes most likely influenced the Second Great Awakening?

A participatory democracy expanded belief in the importance of the individual.

Which of the following evidence did the American Temperance Society in the excerpt use to support its argument about the need for the temperance movement?

Alcohol consumption damaged people's physical and emotional well-being.

Which of the following claims is supported by the author's main argument in the excerpt?

Andrew Jackson can be blamed for the unintended effects of Indian removal.

The Second Great Awakening was most directly related to which of the following other historical developments of the early nineteenth century?

Challenges to Enlightenment views of rationalism

Which of the following factors best explains the increase in White male suffrage in the early nineteenth century?

Changes to property ownership requirements

Which of the following could best be used as evidence to support the argument in the third paragraph of the excerpt that enslaved people engaged in oppositional activities?

Enslaved African Americans routinely caused tools to break or worked more slowly as means of resistance.

Which of the following can be concluded about the relationship between the United States and Europe based on the situation described in the excerpt?

European styles continued to influence American society.

Which of the following best describes Jefferson's point of view about government as expressed in the excerpt?

Government should limit interference in the lives of its citizens.

The development of the Second Great Awakening can best be linked to which of the following historical situations?

Increased geographical mobility aided travel to new regions and the sharing of ideas.

The American Temperance Society used which of the following evidence in the excerpt to explain why it believed the temperance movement would be successful?

Its supporters held the moral and religious high ground.

Which of the following pieces of evidence would help modify an argument in the excerpt about President Jackson's intentions toward American Indians?

Jackson had led United States armies that conquered American Indian peoples in the Southeast and forced land cessions.

Which of the following pieces of evidence could best be used to modify the argument in the excerpt that many enslaved people engaged in oppositional activities?

Large-scale rebellions by enslaved African Americans in the first half of the 1800s were largely unsuccessful.

Which of the following is a piece of evidence used by Howe to support his claim in the third paragraph of the excerpt about religious organizations in the early nineteenth century?

Members of the Evangelical United Front employed more people than the Post Office did.

Which of the following best describes the context from which the ideas expressed in the excerpt emerged?

Political leaders sought to encourage domestic economic development.

Which of the following pieces of evidence would best refute Jackson's claim about his predecessors' policies toward American Indians, as described in the first paragraph of the excerpt?

President George Washington enforced treaties guaranteeing American Indians in New York rights to their land.

The claims in the excerpt were most likely interpreted as opposing which of the following existing federal government policies at the time?

Promoting economic development through foreign trade

Which of the following best describes a historian's likely interpretation of the situation in which the excerpt was produced in the early 1800s?

Some Americans promoted international strength through a unified national economy.

Which of the following best describes a context in the first half of the 1800s that influenced the development of slavery as described in the excerpt?

Southern planters used enslaved people to produce cotton for international markets.

The excerpt best serves as evidence of which of the following developments?

The creation of a unique American culture

The excerpt could best be used by historians studying which of the following?

The creation of the Monroe Doctrine

Which of the following most likely contributed to the emergence of the Second Great Awakening?

The cultural responses to the Enlightenment

Which of the following factors best supports the argument in the excerpt?

The debates over the federal government's proper role had intensified during the early nineteenth century

The excerpt best reflects which of the following developments?

The development of regional cultures increasingly defined by the presence of enslaved people

The rise in manufacturing beginning in the early 1800s eventually resulted in which of the following by 1848?

The emergence of a larger middle class in the North

The excerpt best reflects which of the following historical situations in the early 1800s?

The emergence of a new and distinctive American culture

The sentiments described in the excerpt best reflect which of the following developments?

The emergence of reform movements during the Second Great Awakening

The expansion of suffrage to most adult White men in the early nineteenth century most directly resulted in which of the following?

The growth of new political parties

The petition could best be used as evidence by historians studying which of the following?

The ideas that led some Americans to advocate for improved transportation

Which of the following statements would an abolitionist claim supported the ideas expressed in the excerpt?

The immorality of slavery had a widespread corrupting effect on Southern culture.

The excerpt could best be used by historians studying which of the following in the early 1800s?

The political debates over economic development

Which of the following best explains a change in migration in United States society during the early 1800s?

The rise in manufacturing in the North coincided with an increase of immigration from abroad to these urban areas.

Which of the following was most likely a main purpose of Jefferson's inaugural address?

To summarize his beliefs about the ideal political system

Which of the following of Jackson's policies undermined his position as described in the excerpt?

Using federal power to forcibly relocate American Indian groups

The rhetorical purpose expressed in the excerpt would most likely have been interpreted as promoting which of the following?

Using international commerce to expand United States influence

The excerpt could best be used by historians studying the

resistance against the expansion of United States influence

Which of the following was an interpretation of the speech by opponents of the goals Clay expressed in the excerpt?

Clay's manufacturing plan would benefit one section of the country more than others.

The growth of manufacturing in the United States from 1800 to 1850 was most directly connected to which of the following broader historical processes?

Large numbers of international migrants moving to northern cities

Which of the following best explains how the purpose of the speech in the excerpt was interpreted by federal officials?

Red Jacket sought to protect Iroquois independence from the United States.

The expansion of suffrage to most adult White men by the 1820s and 1830s most directly contributed to the

emergence of political rallies and events to encourage people to vote for particular parties

At the time the petition was produced, Congress most likely interpreted the petition's purpose as

requesting federal funding for transportation construction projects

The national identity described in the excerpt most strongly reflects the influence of which of the following?

European precedents along with an American national culture

Which of the following describes a context that most influenced the implementation of the government policy discussed in the excerpt?

Many Americans desired the United States to expand its western land claims.

The historical concept of the American identity, as characterized in the excerpt, was most clearly distinguished from the identities of other nations by the

importance of liberal ideas about natural rights and liberties

Which of the following most directly led to the expansion of participatory democracy in the first half of the nineteenth century?

Reduction of property ownership requirements for voting

Which of the following most contributed to slaveholders such as Calhoun arguing in the 1830s and 1840s that slavery should be viewed as part of the Southern way of life?

Slave rebellions in Haiti, South Carolina, and Virginia had made many leaders in the South fear that enslaved African Americans could harm them.

Which of the following does the author use as evidence to support her argument that slaveholders were "keen to master their slaves' senses of pleasure"?

Slaveholders held parties to encourage the loyalty of the enslaved.

Which of the following resulted from the mass production of cotton described in the excerpt?

Some southerners relocated their plantations to the west of the Appalachian Mountains.

Which of the following best describes the political situation in which Jefferson gave the address in the excerpt?

The Democratic-Republican Party had won the presidency for the first time.

Which of the following describes an interpretation of Clay's economic principles at the time as expressed in the excerpt?

The United States should increase domestic manufacturing to promote prosperity.

Which of the following best explains the expansion of participatory democracy in the early nineteenth century?

The extension of suffrage rights to most adult White men

Which of the following best describes the historical situation in which the amendment was proposed?

The federal government sought to acquire more western land in North America.

The excerpt best reflects which of the following developments during the first half of the nineteenth century?

The formation of new political parties

Which of the following best explains a major reason for the emergence of the Second Great Awakening in the United States?

The rise of individualistic and evangelical spiritual beliefs inspired religious conversion.

Which of the following claims best aligns with the evidence in the excerpt about the relationship between enslaved African Americans and White Southern citizens?

The slave system gave poor White citizens the feeling of social superiority over free and enslaved African Americans in a culture where African Americans held little power.

People who shared the views expressed in the excerpt most likely opposed which of the following?

The use of federal government funding for internal improvements

Which of the following evidence was used by the American Temperance Society in the excerpt to explain why people would join the temperance movement?

The use of specific studies would convince people to believe the movement's goals.

The expansion of participatory democracy in the Jacksonian era most likely influenced the Second Great Awakening by

giving rise to individualistic beliefs

Which of the following describes a piece of evidence used by Howe to support his overall argument about the motivations of religious reformers?

They desired to teach people personal autonomy.

Which of the following best describes a major purpose of the proposed amendment?

To give Congress additional constitutional powers

President Jefferson sought the protections described in the excerpt most likely for the purpose of

establishing trade routes

A piece of evidence used by Howe in the second paragraph of the excerpt to support his argument about the goals of prison reform was that prison reformers

intended to use prisons to rehabilitate criminals