AP US History period 1

what are the early nations, wich started exploration and conquest of the Americas led to widespread deadly epidemics, the emergence of racially mixed populations, and a caste system

a. Spanish b. British c. Portuguese d. a and c answer: d.

encomienda syste

The encomienda system was a labour system under which the Tainos had to work in the fields and mines belonging to the Spaniards.

what type of economy native american have to developed a mixed agricultural and hunter?

gatherer economy that favored the development of permanent villages

3 "G" purposes of new exploration of American?

gold, god, glory

iroquois

groups of peoples formed a confirmation made up of the Mohawks, Onondages, Cayugas adn Senecas.

Algonquian

hunted fish, grow corn;

iroquois

permanent villages, farming (three sister farming), gathering and hunting

Give an exmple of New crops from the Americas stimulated European population growth

potatoes

Location of tribes: ( west and middle)

pueblo: southwest chinook: northwest shoshone, piute and ute: great basin

chinook people:

speak related language, practice foraging, hunting, and fishing; live in longhouse, high degree of economic development and scial satification.

caste system

an intermixture among Spanish settlers, Africans, and Native Americans

shoshone, piute and ute people

"desert culture" seasonable mobility, basket making, pottery; hunting for buffalo

______________ from present-day Mexico northward into the American Southwest and beyond supported economic development and social diversification among societies in these areas

the spread maize cultivation

Which of the following statements correctly describes the consequences of European colonization?

A. The effects of colonization up both Europeans and Native Americans were temporary and very small. B The Europeans helped civilize the Native Americans and improved their quality of life by sharing technology with them. C Both the Europeans and Native Americans became rich and powerful by sharing the profits from economic ventures. D Colonization brought wealth to European imperial powers which resulted in political and economic innovations. ANSWER: D

Which statement best describes the relationship between Native Americans and European settlers?

A. Native Americans unanimously welcomed the colonists because they understood the settlers were superior in many ways. B Native Americans and Europeans at times traded peacefully with European colonists but also frequently used diplomacy and force to resist encroachment on their territory, political sovereignty, and way of life. C Native Americans were skilled warriors who incessantly resisted European settlement and were only defeated by the colonist's superior technology. D Europeans had very little contact with the Native Americans because they thought indigenous peoples would corrupt settlers with their uncivilized way of life. answer: B

Which answer best describes the lives of Native Americans immediately preceding the moment of European contact?

A. Native peoples created different types of settlements, engaged in long-distance trade, practiced religion, and supported social hierarchies. B Native peoples were totally uncivilized and lived in small nomadic groups that wandered from place to place in order to survive. C Native peoples lived in highly advanced societies that included metal-working, written languages, and numerous large cities. D All native peoples were egalitarian because they only organized themselves into groups of hunter-gatherers. ANSWER:A

What effect, if any, did Native American culture have on Europeans?

A. Nothing — the Europeans rejected every aspect of Native American culture because they thought indigenous peoples were uncivilized. B Many Europeans began to worship Native American deities because they were disgusted with the conflicts created by the Reformation. C Large numbers of Europeans began to dress like the Native Americans because it was much more comfortable. D Europeans began to partake of many of the same luxury items that the indigenous social elites consumed.

What enabled the Europeans to conquer the Native American peoples?

A. There were no powerful Native American empires — only weak bands of nomads. B The European invaders greatly outnumbered the Native Americans they encountered. C The Europeans had advanced military technology and also brought with them diseases which ravaged native populations. D The Native Americans were subdued because they were pagans and refused to accept Christianity. ANSWER: C

Why did the Native American people lack immunity to European diseases?

A. Unlike Europeans, indigenous peoples had not developed vaccines. B Most Indigenous peoples did not live in urban areas and had few domesticated animals, which meant they did not develop a resistance to many animal-borne illnesses. C Indigenous peoples were physically inferior to Europeans and often became ill. D Indigenous peoples died because they suffered divine retribution for refusing to convert to Christianity. ANSWER: B

Location of tribes: (east)

Algonquian: east coast iroquois: New-york state

Pueblo peoples

Strongly molded by the growing of corn. The developed an irrigation system to water the corn. They lived in multistoried, terraced buildings. Pueblo=village.

Who introduced the encomienda system to Hispaniola and when did this take place?

Nicholas de Ovando,a replacement of Columbus sent by Queen Isabella and court official,introduced this system in 1502.

Treat of Tordesillas

Signed by Spain and Portugal, dividing the territories of the New World. Spain received the bulk territory in the Americas, compensating Portugal with titles to lands in Africa and Asia.

Caravel

Small regular vessel with a high deck and three triangular sails. Caravels could sail more closely into the wind, allowing European sailors to explore the Western shore of Africa, previously made inaccessible due to prevailing winds on the homeward journey.

Christopher Columbus

first recorded person who discover American continet

Columbian Exchange

The transfer of goods, crops, and diseases between New and Old World societies after 1492. The Native World had gold, silver, corn, potatoes, tobacco, pineapples, tomatoes, beans, vanilla, chocolate and syphilis. The Old World/Europeans had wheat, rice, sugar, coffee, horses, cows, pigs, smallpox, measles, influenza, bubonic plague, typhus, diphtheria, and the scarlet fever. This whole exchange of things was initiated by Columbus.

Three-sister farming

Three-sister farming was an agricultural system employed by North American Indians as early as 1000 A.D. Maize, as well as high-yielding strains of beans and squash made possible the three-sister farming with beans growing on the trellis of the cornstalks and squash covering the planting mounds to retain moisture in the soil. This helped to create some of the highest population densities.

while new sources of mineral wealth facilitated the European shift from feudalism to ____________.

capitalism

Societies responded to the lack of natural resources in the Great Basin and the western Great Plains by ____________________.

developing largely mobile lifestyles