ap world world war ii
what is the battle of el alamein?
between british and germans, prevented the axis from going farther into africa
when hitler gets out of jail, where is he popular and what does it allow him to do?
between the national socalist german worker's party, able to work his way up the ranks in the german government
after hitler cannot take over great britain, what is his next plan?
break the non-aggression pact with stalin
in 1935, what does hitler start doing?
breaking the treaty of versailles
what plan from the meeting in casablanca do they go with?
british
what are the motives to make the non-aggression pact?
germany: do not want to fight another two-front war soviet union: stalin wants to buy time to prepare for the upcoming war
what does the enabling act do?
gives hitler full power over everything
after the nuremberg acts were implemented, what happened to jewish people?
got their jobs taken away, were given curfews, had to wear stars, had to register themselves to the government
who in the league of nations has to deal with the dangerous germany, italy, and japan?
great britain and france (but they are in an economic depression)
what happens of september 3, 1939?
great britain and france declare war on germany
why was operation market garden a failure?
paratroopers jumped during the day into open fields, british had the wrong intelligence
who controlled southern france for the nazis?
philippe petain, took orders from hitler and governed that part of france
how does hitler start moving towards the soviet union?
pushes his troops into eastern europe, estonia, and right outside the soviet union
when hitler becomes in power, what starts to happen to people considered as "lesser"?
put in concentration camps, sterilized, and had to do forced labor
what was the problem with the invasion of sicily?
realized it takes too long, more difficult than they thought, lots of bloody battles
what is the neutrality act?
said that the united states would not give weapons to hostile governments
before they attack france, who do the germans invade?
scandinavia (denmark and norway), want to set up air bases there to invade great britain
when do the germans invade poland? also known as the start date to world war ii?
september 1, 1939
what was operation market garden?
september 1944, allies attempt to get germans out of the netherlands
what is the effect of the neutrality act?
strengthens european isolation
what does the nuremberg acts do?
strip jewish people of their german citizenship
what does the munich conference show hitler?
that no one was going to get in his way because they did not want to start another war
who usually protected great britain from invaders? who was protecting them during wwii?
usually: navy during wwii: air force
what beaches were attacked by what troops?
utah and omaha: u.s. juno: canada gold and sword: great britain
why is control over northern africa so important?
whoever controls northern africa = controls the suez canal
what are the cash and carry plans?
will sell weapons to allies as long as those allies pay first, use their own ships to carry them away
how does hitler break the treaty of versailles (in order)?
1. 1935: starts building up the military, especially their airforce 2. 1936: orders his military to take over the rhineland 3. 1938: annexes austria 4. 1938: takes back sudetenland 5. 1939: invades poland
why does hitler want to take over the soviet union?
1. believes the germans need more "living space" 2. hitler despises communism 3. many people the nazis consider inferior living in the soviet union 4. thinks he can easily defeat the soviet union (idiot) 5. natural resources, oil, etc.
even though the luftwaffe outnumbers the british in the battle of britain, what two advantages do the royal air force have?
1. developed radar 2. know the german military code
what is the first direct threat of the league of nations?
1931, japan invades manchuria
when does hitler officially become the leader of germany?
1933
when were the nuremberg acts created?
1935
when does the debate of u.s. involvement in wwii start?
1940 and 1941
what was monte cassino?
a battle that was an invasion by the allies into a middle-aged monastery that the germans converted into a military fort
what was the race to berlin?
a competition between the americans and soviets to take over germany first
what is the phony war?
a period of 8 months of no fighting after poland has fallen and wwii has already started, everyone is getting ready
what was the battle of britain?
a series of AIR battles between the royal air force and the luftwaffe
what happens if germany invades poland?
a war with france and great britain will start
in 1923, who stages a coup in a beer hall and gets arrested?
adolf hitler
who was the most famous codebreaker for the british to break the germans' military codes?
alan turning (great mathematician, also gay?)
by 1940 and 1941, who is german allied with/taken over?
allies: spain, italy, soviet union (technically, not really) taken over: france, denmark, norway, poland, austria do not have: u.s. and great britain
what is the non-aggression pact, molotov-ribbentrop pact, or the nazi-soviet pact?
an alliance between germany and the soviet unions to keep off the french and british
when did the allies liberate paris?
august 1944
why did france surrender to germany in a train car?
because it was the same place where the germans signed the treaty of versailles, act of embarrassment for the french
what were the two different plans from casablanca?
british: attack south italy, liberate italy, get rid of mussolini and germans, push into southern france american: start in england, go across english channel, take back france from the north
how does the u.s. get involved with the war as it goes on without formally joining?
cash and carry plans
what were more ideal places in northern france for the allies to invade?
cherbourg (deep water for ships) and pas de calais (closest to england)
what was the meeting at casablanca in 1943?
churchill and fdr had to decide the best way to defeat germany, located in morocco
why were the nazis crueler to eastern europeans than western?
considered more genetically inferior, more jewish people, romanis, etc.
what is the battle of the bulge?
december 1945 and january 1945, in bastogne, between the u.s. and germans
the night before june 6, what do the allies do?
drop paratroopers from the skies and land behind the beaches to disrupt the germans by destroying telephone wires, railroads, military technology, etc., lots of paratroopers landed in the wrong spot though
who was the commander of the d-day troops?
dwight eisenhower
who were the important generals during the battle of el alamein?
erwin romell (german) and bernard montgomery (british)
who wins the 1940 election? who is defeated?
fdr wins, defeats wendell willkie, fdr's 3rd term
by 1940, who is hitler wanting to attack?
france
after they invade scandinavia, where does hitler attack?
france, surrender in less than one month
what is operation barbarossa?
german invasion of the soviet union
when the german military runs into russian winter, what happens?
german tanks stop working, unprepared and the germans get defeated and pushed back out of russia
what do they announce the non-aggression pact is about publicly?
germans and soviets not fighting with each other for ten years (both know this is bs)
germany's invasion of poland gave the world a first look into what?
germany's military strategy, the biltzkreig or sudden, massive attacks
what were the three most dangerous countries in the 20s and 30s?
germany, italy, and japan
why is stalin mad he was not at the meeting of casablanca?
he wanted churchill and fdr to open a more western-front war and take the pressure off the eastern, bitter -> lead to tension after wwii, pre cold war
why is the non-aggression pact so weird?
hitler hates communists and stalin hates everyone
what is the private part to the non-aggression pact?
hitler will invade poland and the soviet union will assume half of poland
why was the battle of the bulge so bad?
in the winter and fought in the snow, both sides had to live in foxholes for weeks, violent fighting, both sides suffer a lot of casualities
how does mussolini disobey the league of nations in 1935?
invades ethiopia
at the time of the non-aggression pact, who is germany also alligned with?
italy
when was the allied invasion of sicily?
july 1943
what day does france surrender to germany?
june 22, 1940
when does hitler launch operation barbarossa?
june 22, 1941
when was d-day?
june 6, 1944
what is the name of the german airforce?
luftwaffe
to break the spirit of the british people, what did hitler try to do?
massive bombing campaign (bomb major cities), forced people to live underground in subways
who does hitler meet with at the munich conference and what happens?
meets with neville chamberlain (prime minister of great britain), hitler promises him it will be his last take over and chamberlain agrees to let him do it
what does hitler do before taking over the sudetenland?
meets with other countries at the munich conference
when he is in prison, what does hitler write?
mein kampf
what does mein kampf mean?
my struggle
what was the first phase in the morning of june 6?
naval bombardment of the beaches, then small boats with soldiers
by days end of june 6, what happened?
normandy was fully taken by the allies
in late summer/fall of 1942, where do the germans try to invade?
northern africa
after japan invades manchuria, what does the league of nations do?
nothing, publicly condemn it but doesn't actually do anything (sets a precedent)
what is the most famous wave of d-day and why?
omaha, bloodiest wave with 2,400 casualities (50% in the first hour)
what is the name of hitler's plan to invade great britain?
operation sea lion
by 1943, who has control of north africa?
the allies
when hitler comes into power in 1933, what does he implement?
the enabling act
why do the allies pick normandy to invade?
the germans know they are going to invade but normandy was not an ideal place so they were not expecting it
what was the plan for operation sea lion?
the luftwaffe would knock out their defenses and they would cross the british channel to invade
what part did hitler belong to?
the national socialist german worker's party
what does fdr pass in 1935?
the neutrality act
who wins the battle of britain?
the royal air force (if the germans won, britain would be taken over)
who has troops in northern africa during 1942 that involves them in the war?
the u.s.
what were the two strong countries during the 20s and 30s?
the united states and soviet union (both are not in the league of nations)
what was the problem with the league of nations?
they did not have a military
even though the british condemn italy for taking over ethiopia, why are they hypocrites?
they let the italians use the suez canal to get into africa
in late may/early june of 1940, where are the french troops going?
to the beaches of northern france (like dunkirk), had no cover so english citizens took boats from the english channel and brought french soldiers into england
d-day was the largest amphibious invasion in world history
true
when france is taking over, what is it split up into?
two parts: northern (occupied) france and southern (puppet)
what is the lend-lease act?
u.s. is able to lend weapons, supplies, and technology to the allies
who were the allies invading france?
u.s., great britain, and canada
what is the codename for the british breaking the germans' military code?
ultra
