Apes unit 1 test review
Algae converts solar energy into 93,00 kilocalories of plant tissue. According to the 10% rule, which of the following values best represents the amount of energy available for primary consumers in the food chain?
9,300 kilocalories
Which box represents a carbon sink that holds carbon compounds for the shortest period of time?
A. Vegetation
Little is known about Africa's exclusive aardvarks... paragraph
Aardvarks are a keystone species and their decline could have a trophies cascade effect on the ecosystem
Nitrification
Ammonia is converted to nitrite, then to nitrate
A relationship between living organisms such as moss growing on a tree trunk in a forest
Commensalism
Organisms that cannot produce their own food and therefore must eat other organisms are called
Consumers
This biome is found in shallow waters off the coastline and is earths most biologically diverse marine biome
Coral reefs
Which term describes organisms that complete the final breakdown and recycling of organic materials from the remains of all organisms
Decomposers
Based on the diagram of the carbon cycle, which process most directly results in the storage of carbon as coal and oil over millions of years
Decomposition
In the carbon cycle, which process most directly results in the storage of carbon as coal and oil over millions of years?
Decomposition
Of the following organisms which occupies the lowest trophies levels
Deer
Most of the earths deserts are at approximately 30° latitude, north and south, because these lattitudes are characterized by
Descending dry air currents
This biome contains plants that are adapted to prevent water loss due to the low average rainfall and high temperatures year-round
Desert
Which of the following is a biome found at 30° N and 30° S as seen in the diagram
Deserts
Which latitude shown on the diagram above experience is 24 hours of daylight on December 21
E (Antarctic circle)
Which of the following best explains how environmental stressors, such as wildfires can affect biodiversity in an eco system?
Ecosystems with more species diversity are more likely to recover after a disturbance than ecosystems with low species diversity
The hi see surface temperature in 1998 was most likely due to
El Niño
In North America, native pollinators often increase the quality and quantity of crops and they have plants that are insect pollinated more effectively than European honeybees do. The most likely reason for the phenomenon is that native pollinators
Have coevolved with native plant species
The energy not transferred from the 10% rule is lost as
Heat
Which of the following changes in eastern Pacific ocean food webs is typically associated with La Niña events
Increased phytoplankton concentrations
Which of the following best describes a symbiotic relationship
Intestinal bacteria inhabit the gut of humans
Which of the following best explains why the shaded area receives more snowfall than the other parts of New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio?
Moisture picked up from the warm water and the great lakes is deposit as snow downwind
A relationship between living organisms such as bees consuming nectar and carrying pollen from one flower to another
Mutualism
Which of the following is an abiotic component of an ecosystem?
Nutrients
A North Carolina timber company proposes to clear cut 45 hectares of oak hickory deciduous forest in the Appalachian mountains. The company has said that the forest will regrow naturally, and 50 years after the clear cutting company plans to harvest again. Cutting all the oaks and hickory's that have at least a 40 centimeter diameter. A local citizens group claims that this is not a realistic plan. Which of the following, if true, best supports the claim of the citizens group?
Oak and hi high are late- successional species; pioneer species will dominate for many decades before the oaks and hickories are reestablished
A relationship between living organisms such as ticks feeding on a deer
Parasitism
In the carbon cycle, which of the following processes reduces the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
Photosynthesis
A group of individuals of the same species living in the same place at the same time is a
Population
Which of the following correctly describes the disruption of an ecosystem service by an anthropogenic (human) activity?
Provisioning services are disrupted by increased combustion of fossil fuels, which leads to an increase in air pollution
Which of the following would be categorized as cultural (for human activity) ecosystem service of forests
Recreation and scenic areas for tourism
The freshwater biome is characterized by fast- flowing water that can originate from underground springs or runoff, which carries sediment and organic material
Rivers
Which of the countries listed will have the largest area of boreal forests?
Russia
Of the following, which has the greatest permeability (water passes through the easiest)?
Sand
Which consumers feed on the flesh of herbivores
Secondary consumers
Which soil indicated on the soil triangle above but most likely have a highest water holding capacity
Soil C
In the nitrogen cycle above, i trifurcation occurs in which of the following steps
Step 3
Phytoplankton are most abundant in the upper few hundred feet of most bodies of water because
Sunlight does not penetrate to great depths in water
Most volcanism and earthquakes in the world are associated with
Tectonic plate boundaries
If the diagram illustrates earths relative position on December 21 of a given year, which of the following statements would be correct?
The Tropic of Cancer has a shorter day and lower solar radiation because there is a direct relationship between day length and radiation intensity
Which of the following areas receives the most intense solar radiation at the time of the year shown in the diaphragm and why?
The Tropic of Capricorn, because this latitude is nearly horizontal to incoming solar radiation
Which of the following statements best describes how molecules released by the fish become nutrients for the plant?
The ammonia molecules released by the fish are converted by the bacteria to nitrates, which are used by the plants to make proteins and nucleic acids
Which of the following biochemical cycles includes the process of buffering ocean and photosynthesis
The carbon cycle
Which of the following biochemical cycles includes the process of buffering ocean and photosynthesis, as shown in the diagram?
The carbon cycle
In a fish species... paragraph
The chance of survival decreases when there is intraspecific competition for resources among surviving yearlings
Hoover dam is the largest dam in the United States...
The damning of the Colorado river lead to a change in stream flow, preventing river water and sediments from reaching the Delta area
Which of the following describes the most likely change to terrestrial biomes resulting from warmer average global temperatures
The global distribution of midlatitude biomes, such as grasslands and temperate rain forests, would increase.
What is a major difference between the phosphorus cycle and the water, carbon, and nitrogen cycles?
The phosphorus cycle does not include the atmosphere but the others do
Which of the following best explains why city B receives less precipitation than city A
The rain shadow
In the desert regions of the southwestern United States, daily high and low temperatures will frequently fluctuate by 40°F or more. Which statement below best explains the large variation in temperature
There are no bordering oceans or large bodies of water to provide a stabilizing humidity to the air
Which of the following is the best explanation for why there is such a small amount of phosphorus that moves into aquatic systems?
There is not a gaseous phase of the phosphorus cycle, and therefore the movement of phosphorus into oceanic reservoirs is very slow
What do the phosphorus cycle and the nitrogen cycle have in common?
They both are required for plant growth
Which of the following is true of a specialist species
They can tolerate a narrow range of climatic condistions
Which of the following terrestrial biomes has the highest nest primary productivity
Tropical rain forest
Region that contains the majority of molecules in the atmosphere
Troposphere
The hydrologic cycle is a way nature renews water qualitu
True
Which of the following is the best example of resource partitioning in an ecosystem?
Two differnt bird species feed from the same oak tree; one eats acorns, and the other eats insects in the bark
Which box represents a carbon sink that holds carbon compounds for the shortest period of yome
Vegetation
Most as it's on earth are located near a 30° north and 30° south latitudes because humidity is lower at 30°. The best explanation for the lower humidity is that
Warm moist air rises at the equator, cools and releases its moisture, and then the dry air sinks at 30° latitude
Which of the following causes the air to rise into the atmosphere and the areas labeled A, B, and C on the diagram
Warm moist air that is less dense than the surrounding air
Brown pelicans are fish eating birds. As a result of an El Nino event, the population of brown pelicans in southern California declines. Which of the following best explains the relationship between the El Nino event and the population decline?
Warmer ocean temperatures can cause fish to move to colder water farther from pelican nest sites.
The hydrologic cycle is the movement of
Water
The disappearance of the tropical rain forests is an important issue because it will
accelerate atmospheric warming
The very necessary process of breaking down the dead bodies of organisms is a function of
detritivores
High rates of species extinction caused by human activities have taken place at which of the following times in Earth's history?
during recent times
A species with a broad niche is considered a(n)
generalist species
For a primary producer, the main function of photosynthesis is to manufacture
glucose
Small populations of animals such as those typically found on islands are prone to extinction because
they are more vulnerable to unpredictable events