APSUSH Period 4 Exam Study Guide
[SECTION 8] And be it further enacted. That in all that territories ceded by France to the United States, under the name of Louisiana, which lies north of thirty-six degrees and thirty minutes north latitude, not included within the limits of [the state of Missouri], slavery and involuntary servitude, otherwise than in the punishment of crimes, whereof the parties shall have been duly convicted, shall be, and is hereby, forever prohibited: Provided always, that any person escaping into the same, from which labour or service is lawfully claimed, in any state or territory of the United States, such fugitive may be lawfully reclaimed and conveyed to the person claiming his or her labour or service as aforesaid. - APPROVED BY CONGRESS, March, 6 1820 The Missouri Compromise did all of the following except
outlaw fugitive slave laws inside the United States
"As [political leader Henry] Clay envisioned it [in the 1820s], the American System constituted the... basis for social improvement.... Through sale of its enormous land holdings, the federal government could well afford to subsidize internal improvements. By levying protective tariffs, the government should foster the development of American manufacturing and agricultural enterprises that, in their infancy, might not be able to withstand foreign competition. The promotion of industry would create a home market for agricultural commodities, just as farms provided a market for manufactured products." Daniel Walker Howe, historian, What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815-1848, published in 2007 One major change in United States politics from the 1820s to the mid-1850s was the
rise of political parties defined largely by regional interests
All of the following groups would have been likely to agree with the image's depiction of Andrew Jackson EXCEPT
western farmers who opposed the national bank
Which of the following events could best be interpreted as reflecting the exercise of power depicted in the image?
American Indian removal despite the Supreme Court ruling in Worcester v. Georgia
The creator of the image would most likely agree with which of the following statements?
Jackson's political actions were unconstitutional.
Which of the following was a significant cause of the trend from 1843 to 1854 shown in the graph?
Economic and political difficulties in Germany and Ireland
Which of the following was a direct effect of the trend in immigration after 1845 shown on the graph?
An upsurge in nativist sentiment
"We, therefore, the people of the State of South Carolina, in convention assembled, do declare and ordain... that the several acts and parts of acts of the Congress of the United States, purporting to be laws for the imposing of duties and imposts on the importation of foreign commodities...are unauthorized by the Constitution of the United States, and violate the true meaning and intent thereof and are null, void, and no law, nor binding upon this State...." South Carolina Ordinance of Nullification, 1832 The excerpt most directly expresses an economic perspective that
prioritized regional interests
"As [political leader Henry] Clay envisioned it [in the 1820s], the American System constituted the... basis for social improvement.... Through sale of its enormous land holdings, the federal government could well afford to subsidize internal improvements. By levying protective tariffs, the government should foster the development of American manufacturing and agricultural enterprises that, in their infancy, might not be able to withstand foreign competition. The promotion of industry would create a home market for agricultural commodities, just as farms provided a market for manufactured products." Daniel Walker Howe, historian, What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815-1848, published in 2007 Which of the following most directly made possible the ideas described in the excerpt?
Innovations including textile machinery, steam engines, and interchangeable parts
[SECTION 8] And be it further enacted. That in all that territories ceded by France to the United States, under the name of Louisiana, which lies north of thirty-six degrees and thirty minutes north latitude, not included within the limits of [the state of Missouri], slavery and involuntary servitude, otherwise than in the punishment of crimes, whereof the parties shall have been duly convicted, shall be, and is hereby, forever prohibited: Provided always, that any person escaping into the same, from which labour or service is lawfully claimed, in any state or territory of the United States, such fugitive may be lawfully reclaimed and conveyed to the person claiming his or her labour or service as aforesaid. - APPROVED BY CONGRESS, March, 6 1820 The Missouri Compromise became necessary because
Missouri wanted admittance to the Union as a slave state, which would have offset the balance between slave and free states
"As [political leader Henry] Clay envisioned it [in the 1820s], the American System constituted the... basis for social improvement.... Through sale of its enormous land holdings, the federal government could well afford to subsidize internal improvements. By levying protective tariffs, the government should foster the development of American manufacturing and agricultural enterprises that, in their infancy, might not be able to withstand foreign competition. The promotion of industry would create a home market for agricultural commodities, just as farms provided a market for manufactured products." Daniel Walker Howe, historian, What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815-1848, published in 2007 The ideas described in the excerpt contributed most directly to which of the following?
More Americans producing goods for national markets
[SECTION 8] And be it further enacted. That in all that territories ceded by France to the United States, under the name of Louisiana, which lies north of thirty-six degrees and thirty minutes north latitude, not included within the limits of [the state of Missouri], slavery and involuntary servitude, otherwise than in the punishment of crimes, whereof the parties shall have been duly convicted, shall be, and is hereby, forever prohibited: Provided always, that any person escaping into the same, from which labour or service is lawfully claimed, in any state or territory of the United States, such fugitive may be lawfully reclaimed and conveyed to the person claiming his or her labour or service as aforesaid. - APPROVED BY CONGRESS, March, 6 1820 The Missouri Compromise most directly led to which of the following processes of the first half of the 19th century?
The American System
On the subject of slavery...I will be as harsh as truth, and as uncompromising as justice...On this subject, I do not wish to think, or speak, or write, with moderation...I am in earnest - I will not equivocate - I will not excuse - I will not retreat a single inch...AND I WILL BE HEARD. Source: William Lloyd Garrison, first issue of the abolitionist newspaper The Liberator, January 1831 The type of views expressed in the excerpt emerged most directly from which of the following trends?
The Second Great Awakening
Few historians would dispute that the market revolution brought substantial material benefits to most northeasterners, urban and rural...Those who benefited most from the market revolution - merchants and manufacturers, lawyers and other professions, and successful commercial farmers, along with their families - faced life situations very different from those known to earlier generations. The decline of the household as the locus of production led directly to a growing impersonality in the economic realm; household heads, instead of directing family enterprises or small shops, often had to find ways to recruit and discipline a wage-labor force. In all cases, they had to stay abreast of or even surpass their competitors. Source: Sean Wilentz, historian, "Society, Politics, and the Market Revolution, 1815-1848," 1997 Which of the following cultural and social shifts resulted most directly from the trends described in the excerpt?
The emergence of new ideas about the proper roles of husbands and wives
On the subject of slavery...I will be as harsh as truth, and as uncompromising as justice...On this subject, I do not wish to think, or speak, or write, with moderation...I am in earnest - I will not equivocate - I will not excuse - I will not retreat a single inch...AND I WILL BE HEARD. Source: William Lloyd Garrison, first issue of the abolitionist newspaper The Liberator, January 1831 The excerpt was likely to have found the most support among which of the following groups?
Advocates for women's rights
Few historians would dispute that the market revolution brought substantial material benefits to most northeasterners, urban and rural...Those who benefited most from the market revolution - merchants and manufacturers, lawyers and other professions, and successful commercial farmers, along with their families - faced life situations very different from those known to earlier generations. The decline of the household as the locus of production led directly to a growing impersonality in the economic realm; household heads, instead of directing family enterprises or small shops, often had to find ways to recruit and discipline a wage-labor force. In all cases, they had to stay abreast of or even surpass their competitors. Source: Sean Wilentz, historian, "Society, Politics, and the Market Revolution, 1815-1848," 1997 Which of the following pieces of historical evidence from the United States census could best be used to support the argument in the excerpt?
Data showing changes in the number of textile mills
"As [political leader Henry] Clay envisioned it [in the 1820s], the American System constituted the... basis for social improvement.... Through sale of its enormous land holdings, the federal government could well afford to subsidize internal improvements. By levying protective tariffs, the government should foster the development of American manufacturing and agricultural enterprises that, in their infancy, might not be able to withstand foreign competition. The promotion of industry would create a home market for agricultural commodities, just as farms provided a market for manufactured products." Daniel Walker Howe, historian, What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815-1848, published in 2007 Based on the excerpt, which of the following groups would have been most likely to oppose Henry Clay's ideas?
Members of the Democratic Party
The main trend shown in the graph was most directly associated with which of the following processes occurring in the United States at the time?
The emergence of an industrialized economy
Few historians would dispute that the market revolution brought substantial material benefits to most northeasterners, urban and rural...Those who benefited most from the market revolution - merchants and manufacturers, lawyers and other professions, and successful commercial farmers, along with their families - faced life situations very different from those known to earlier generations. The decline of the household as the locus of production led directly to a growing impersonality in the economic realm; household heads, instead of directing family enterprises or small shops, often had to find ways to recruit and discipline a wage-labor force. In all cases, they had to stay abreast of or even surpass their competitors. Source: Sean Wilentz, historian, "Society, Politics, and the Market Revolution, 1815-1848," 1997 Which of the following historical developments contributed most directly to the market revolution?
The emergence of new forms of transportation
The history of mankind is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations on the part of man toward woman, having in direct object the establishment of an absolute tyranny over her. To prove this, let facts be submitted to a candid world. "He has never permitted her to exercise her inalienable right to the elective franchise." "He was compelled her to submit to laws, in the formation of which she has no voice" "Having deprived her of this first right of a citizen, the elective franchise, thereby leaving her without representation in the halls of legislation, he has oppressed her on all sides..." "He has taken from her all right in property, even to the wages she earns." Source: Seneca Falls Convention, Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions, 1848 Which of the following developments in the nineteenth century best represents the continuation of the ideas expressed in the declaration?
The formation of voluntary organizations and reform efforts
The history of mankind is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations on the part of man toward woman, having in direct object the establishment of an absolute tyranny over her. To prove this, let facts be submitted to a candid world. "He has never permitted her to exercise her inalienable right to the elective franchise." "He was compelled her to submit to laws, in the formation of which she has no voice" "Having deprived her of this first right of a citizen, the elective franchise, thereby leaving her without representation in the halls of legislation, he has oppressed her on all sides..." "He has taken from her all right in property, even to the wages she earns." Source: Seneca Falls Convention, Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions, 1848 The ideas expressed in the excerpt most directly challenged the prevailing ideal in the early nineteenth century that
Women should focus their attention on the home and private sphere
On the subject of slavery...I will be as harsh as truth, and as uncompromising as justice...On this subject, I do not wish to think, or speak, or write, with moderation...I am in earnest - I will not equivocate - I will not excuse - I will not retreat a single inch...AND I WILL BE HEARD. Source: William Lloyd Garrison, first issue of the abolitionist newspaper The Liberator, January 1831 A person who agreed with Garrison's views expressed in the excerpt would most likely have advocated
immediate emancipation of enslaved people
"We, therefore, the people of the State of South Carolina, in convention assembled, do declare and ordain... that the several acts and parts of acts of the Congress of the United States, purporting to be laws for the imposing of duties and imposts on the importation of foreign commodities...are unauthorized by the Constitution of the United States, and violate the true meaning and intent thereof and are null, void, and no law, nor binding upon this State...." South Carolina Ordinance of Nullification, 1832 The ideas expressed in the excerpt emerged most directly from a larger intellectual debate over the
relationship between the federal government and the states
