APUSH Chapter 18

The consequences of the Kansas-Nebraska Act included the a. organization of the Know-Nothing party. b. splitting of the Democratic party. c. demise of the Whig party. d. organization of the Republican party. e. rise of the Free Soil party.

B,C

The impact of the Kansas-Nebraska Act was to a. bring a final solution to the question of slavery in the territories. b. give the North the upper hand in the debate on slavery. c. enrage the antislavery abolitionists. d. lessen the prospects for future compromises between North and South. e. make Stephen Douglas the most controversial national politician.

C,D

The man who opened Japan to the United States was

Matthew Perry.

Stephen A. Douglas's plans for deciding the slavery question in the Kansas-Nebraska scheme required repeal of the

Missouri Compromise.

For a short time in the 1850s, William Walker, an American adventurer, seized control of

Nicaragua

During the debate of 1850, ____ argued that there was a higher law than the Constitution that compelled him to demand the exclusion of slavery from the territories.

William H. Seward

Of those people going to California during the gold rush

a distressingly high proportion were lawless men.

For his position in his Seventh of March speech, Daniel Webster was viciously condemned by

abolitionists

The United States' victory in the Mexican War resulted in all of the following except a. renewed controversy over the issue of extending slavery into the territories. b. a possible split in the Whig and Democrat parties over slavery. c. the cession by Mexico of an enormous amount of land to the United States. d. a rush of settlers to new American territory in California. e. acquisition of the Oregon territory.

acquisition of the Oregon territory.

The Underground Railroad consisted of

an informal network of homes where slaves could hide on their escape to freedom.

In order to maintain the two great political parties as vital bonds of national unity, party leaders

avoided public discussion of slavery.

Harriet Tubman gained fame

by helping slaves to escape to Canada.

In his Seventh of March speech, Daniel Webster

called for a new, more stringent fugitive-slave law.

Southern delegates met at a convention in Nashville in the summer of 1850 to

condemn the compromises being worked out in Congress.

Most American leaders believed that the only way to keep the new Pacific Coast territories from breaking away from United States control was to

construct a transcontinental railroad.

In light of future evidence, it seems apparent that in the Compromise of 1850 the South made a tactical blunder by

demanding a strong fugitive-slave law.

Northerners feared that the Fugitive Slave Act threatened to set a dangerous precedent for white Americans because it

denied fleeing slaves a trial by jury.

An event that helped the cause of compromise in 1850, was when President Zachary Taylor

died suddenly and Millard Fillmore became president.

The event that threatened to destroy the longstanding balance of free and slave states in the United States Senate was the

discovery of gold in California and its bid for statehood.

The public liked popular sovereignty because it

fit in with the democratic tradition of self-determination.

In 1848, the Free Soil party platform advocated all of the following except a. support of the Wilmot Proviso. b. federal aid for internal improvements. c. free government homesteads for settlers. d. opposition to slavery in the territories. e. giving women the right to vote.

giving women the right to vote.

Historians have attributed all of the following to Douglas's motives for championing the Kansas-Nebraska Act except a. a possible presidential bid in 1856. b. his impulsivity and recklessness. c. his inability to recognize that Northerners did feel deeply about slavery in the territories. d. he was deeply invested in seeing slavery allowed in the territories. e. his lack of foresight.

he was deeply invested in seeing slavery allowed in the territories.

Many Northern states passed personal liberty laws in response to the Compromise of 1850 that

interfered with federal enforcement of the fugitive slave laws.

The Free Soilers condemned slavery because

it destroyed the chances of free white workers to rise to self-employment

The Free Soil party of 1848 harbored many northerners who stood squarely against slavery in the territories primarily on the grounds that

it destroyed the chances of free white workers to rise up from wage-earning dependence.

The election of 1852 was significant because it

marked the end of the Whig party.

With the discovery of gold near Sutter's Mill, California, in 1848, all of the following took place except a. miners and adventurers from around the world came to California. b. most of the first wave of miners struck it rich with lucrative diggings of gold. c. many travelers to California faced illness and deadly fevers. d. people providing laundry and other personal services for miners made a fortune by charging high prices. e. crime soared in California due to the large number of lawless men and virtueless women who arrived there.

most of the first wave of miners struck it rich with lucrative diggings of gold.

Stephen A. Douglas proposed that the question of slavery in the Kansas-Nebraska Territory be decided by

popular sovereignty.

John C. Calhoun's plan to protect the South and slavery involved all of the following except a. leave the issue of slavery alone. b. return runaway slaves back to the south. c. give the South its rights as a minority. d. restore the political balance in the Senate of free states and slave states. e. prevent the spread of slavery in the California territory.

prevent the spread of slavery in the California territory.

The Wilmot Proviso, if adopted, would have

prohibited slavery in any territory acquired in the Mexican War.

In the 1848 presidential election, the Democratic and Whig parties

remained silent on the issue of slavery.

Many northern states passed personal liberty laws in response to the Compromise of 1850's provision regarding

runaway slaves.

During the 1850s, slaves probably gained their freedom most frequently by

self-purchase or voluntary emancipation.

The fatal split in the Whig party in 1852 occurred over

slavery

All of the following were results of the Fugitive Slave Act except a. many people were drawn into the antislavery movement. b. Northerners who aided slaves in escaping faced heavy fines and jail sentences. c. federal commissioners handling the cases of runaways received twice as much in a bonus if the slave was returned. d. Northerners protested the capture of individual runaway slaves. e. the Underground Railroad scaled back its efforts.

the Underground Railroad scaled back its efforts.

The South grew increasingly worried about the future of slavery because

the admission of California might permanently tip the political balance against them.

One of the more surprising elements of John C. Calhoun's plan to protect the South and slavery involved

the election of two presidents, one from the North and one from the South.

The issue of runaway slaves was important because

the loss of property was significant, but the loss of honor was felt more.

The most alarming aspect of the Compromise of 1850 to northerners was the decision concerning

the new Fugitive Slave Law.

Undoubtedly the most durable offspring of the Kansas-Nebraska blunder was

the new Republican political party.

According to the principle of popular sovereignty, the question of slavery in the territories would be determined by

the people in any given territory.

The two major parties kept the focus on the 1848 presidential election campaign on

the personalities of Senator Cass and General Taylor.

A southern route for the transcontinental railroad seemed the best because

the railroad would be easier to build in this area.

The Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 included all of the following provisions except a. the requirement that fugitive slaves be returned from Canada. b. denial of a jury trial to runaway slaves. c. denial of fleeing slaves' right to testify on their own behalf. d. the penalty of imprisonment for northerners who helped slaves to escape. e. a higher payment if officials determined blacks to be runaways.

the requirement that fugitive slaves be returned from Canada.

The Pierce administration's secret scheme to gain control of Cuba was stopped when

the secret Ostend Manifesto was leaked to the public.

The debate over slavery in the Mexican Cession

threatened to split national politics along North-South lines.

In the Compromise of 1850, Congress determined that slavery in the New Mexico and Utah territories was

to be decided by popular sovereignty.

One of Stephen Douglas's mistakes in proposing the Kansas-Nebraska Act was

underestimating the depth of northern opposition to the spread of slavery.

Daniel Webster's famed Seventh of March speech in 1850 resulted in

visibly strengthened Union sentiment and especially pleased northern banking and commercial centers.

Some Southerners felt Cuba would be an enticing prospect for annexation for all of the following reasons except it a. was not controlled by any European power and would be easily acquired. b. was a sugar-rich and economically productive territory. c. already had a large population of enslaved blacks. d. could be carved into several states, restoring political balance in the Senate. e. was located just off the nation's southern doorstep.

was not controlled by any European power and would be easily acquired.

By 1850, the South

was relatively well off, politically and economically.

The Young Guard from the North

were most interested in purging and purifying the Union than in preserving it.

The Free Soilers argued that slavery

would cause more costly wage labor to wither away.

The new Free Soil party in 1848 found major support from those who a. favored high tariffs. b. had wanted all of Oregon up to the 54° 40' line. c. condemned slavery as immoral. d. wanted to keep slavery out of the territories. e. believed that slavery harmed white labor.

A,B,C,D,E

Presidential candidates in the 1848 election included a. Martin Van Buren. b. Henry Clay. c. Lewis Cass. d. Zachary Taylor. e. Winfield Scott.

A,C,D

In 1850, the South was deeply worried because a. the Underground Railroad was carrying away hundreds of slaves each year. b. the price of cotton was low. c. the Supreme Court had a northern majority. d. California sought admission as a free state. e. U.S. presidents were favoring the North.

A,D

By 1850, the South was losing perhaps ____ runaways a year out of its total of some 4 million slaves.

1,000

In the debates of 1850, Senator William H. Seward, as a representative of the northern Young Guard, argued that

Christian legislators must obey God's moral law.

The primary objective of Manifest Destiny expansionists in the 1850s was

Cuba

Which of the following was not among the issues that concerned southerners in 1849-1850?

There was a growing chance that a constitutional amendment would abolish slavery.

On July 3, 1844, the first formal diplomatic agreement between the United States and China was the

Treaty of Wanghia.