APUSH Midterm (All Previous Test Questions)

How did President Cleveland justify government intervention in the Pullman Strike? A. The strike interfered with the delivery of the mail. B. The strike undermined America's national security C. The Pullman Corporation was operating in violation of interstate commerce laws D. The Interstate Commerce Commission broke up the company

A. The strike interfered with the delivery of the mail.

Teddy Roosevelt decided to run for the presidency in 1912 because A. William Howard Taft had seemed to discard Roosevelt's policies. b. he was drafted by the Republican party. c. the Democratic party was split. d. Senator Robert La Follette encouraged him to do so.

A. William Howard Taft had seemed to discard Roosevelt's policies.

The organization most likely responsible for publishing the poster was the a. War Labor Board. b. War Industries Board. c. Committee on Public Information. d. Anti-Imperialist League:

C. Committee on Public Information

Roosevelt ended the Pennsylvania Cole strike by A. Urging labor and management to negotiate a settlement. B. Passing legislation legalizing unions. C. Forcing mediation by threatening to seize the coal mines and operate them with federal troops. D. Declaring a national state of emergency in ordering miners back to work.

C. Forcing mediation by threatening to seize the coal mines and operate them with federal troops.

Which of the following correctly describes the Committee on Public Information? a. in response to demands by American munitions makers b. because it appeared that France was about to surrender. c. after German U-boats sank four unarmed American merchant vessels. d. after Mexico signed an alliance with Germany. e. after final negotiations between Germany and the United States over unrestricted submarine warfare failed to come to an agreement.

C. It was established to mobilize domestic support for the war effort during the First World War.

Well, President TR chose to label his reform proposals as the A. Fair deal B. New freedom. C. Square deal D. New deal

C. Square deal

In response to the League of Nations' investigation into Japan's invasion and occupation of Manchuria a. the United States became an official member of the League b. Japan witharew its troops. c. Americans called for a boycott of Japanese goods. d. Japan left the League.

d. Japan left the League.

The except was most likely a reaction to which of the following developments? a. The end of American military force against the Indian Resistance b. The closing of the frontier c. Highly restrictive immigration laws d. Increased U.S. involvement in Latin America, such as the completion of the Panama Canal

b. The closing of the frontier

Which historical event differs most from the ideas expressed in the excerpt? a. Veto of internal improvements in the early 19th century b. Washington's Farewell Address c. Manifest Destiny d. Louisiana Purchase

b. Washington's Farewell Address

Roosevelt's "Great White Fleet" essentially served as a. a support force for the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine. b. a demonstration of American naval power in East Asia. c. a sign that America would intervene in China if necessary d. a means of providing relief shipment of food to famine victims in Latin America.

b. a demonstration of American naval power in East Asia.

Publication of this telegram in United States newspapers helped to a. reelect Woodrow Wilson as president. b. convince the American public to support entrance into World War I. c. encourage Congress to declare neutrality: d. convince Congress to sell Arizona and New Mexico to the British.

b. convince the American public to support entrance into World War I.

Considering the answer to the previous question, the main issue depicted in the cartoon is the a. increase in the federal bureaucracy under Republican administrations b. growth and expansion of organized crime in the 1920s. c. threat that inereasing immigration posed to conservative Americans in the 1920s. d. overspeculation of the stock market in the 1920s.

b. growth and expansion of organized crime in the 1920s.

As a result of the settlement of the Venezuelan boundary dispute a. the Monroe Doctrine was weakened b Venezuela gained the majority of the disputed territory. c. British and American relations steadily worsened until World War I d. Latin American nations were pleased by the determination of the United States to protect them.

d. Latin American nations were pleased by the determination of the United States to protect them.

In the excerpt above, President Wilson signaled a willingness to abandon which long- held American policy? a. The expansion of American culture and norms to other nations b. Overseas expansionism c. Advancing democratic ideals d. Noninvolvement in European affairs

d. Noninvolvement in European affairs

The United States gained a vitual right of intervention in Cuba in the a. Teller Amendment b. Paris Peace Treaty c. Foraker Act d. Platt Amendment

d. Platt Amendment

Which of the following events in the late 19th and early 20th centuries resulted from the idea described in the passage above a. The creation of Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal programs b. America's initial neutrality in World War I c. President Wilson's support for the League of Nations d. The acquisition of island territories by the United States

d. The acquisition of island territories by the United States

What was a result and lasting legacy of this court case? A. The integration of public schools B. The integration of public accommodations C. The emergence of the Ku Klux Klan d. The protection of Jim Crow Laws

d. The protection of Jim Crow Laws

Which of the following most directly prompted the arguments in the speeches above? a. The congressional vote to declare war on Germany b. The creation of the United Nations c. The push to imperialize in Africa d. The signing of the Treaty of Versailles

d. The signing of the Treaty of Versailles

What factor most influenced "the tendency for expansion" noted in Zinn's passage above? a. The extension of public control over natural resources b. The migration of large numbers of European immigrants to the United States during the 19* century c. The rise of Populism in the late 19th century d. The transition of the United States from a rural, agricultural society to an urban, industrial one.

d. The transition of the United States from a rural, agricultural society to an urban, industrial one.

Considering the answer to the previous question, which of the following groups looked to gain the most from the 1920s Republican policies? a. labor unions b. farmers c. corporations d. minorities

c. corporations

Business leaders used the ideas above to justify A. unionization B. increased wages for workers the c. creation of trusts D. the need to look for markets outside of the US

c. creation of trusts

The idea portrayed in the political cartoon is most influenced by a. the conviction of policy makers to protect Latin America from European colonization. b. the belief that America should not meddle in the affairs of foreign nations. c. imperialist ideals of expansion in the belief that America could bring civilization to other nations. d. America's attempt to honor the advice of George Washington's Farewell Address.

c. imperialist ideals of expansion in the belief that America could bring civilization to other nations.

The Stock Market Crash on Black Tuesday occurred when a. investors began buying large number of stocks on margin. b. bankers responded to "Black Thursday" by offering loan and mortgage forgiveness. c. investors raced to sell their stock holdings d. the federal reserve moved off the gold standard

c. investors raced to sell their stock holdings

The 1920s photograph above illustrates a production process that led to a. government ownership of the automobile industry b. the promotion of individual craftsmanship and pride among workers and artisans c. lower prices and greater availability for mass-produced consumer goods d. the establishment of training and educational requirements for workers e. a sharp drop in labor union membership due to high employee satisfaction

c. lower prices and greater availability for mass-produced consumer goods

The sentiments expressed in the excerpt were most likely influenced by Hoover's belief in a. Keynesian economic philosophy b. maintain a balanced federal budget c. rugged individualism d. populism

c. rugged individualism

During the Great Depression, "Hoovervilles" were a. government relocation camps for indigent workers b. model communities established by the Hoover administration c. shantytowns of unemployed and homeless people d. soup kitchens financed under New Deal legislation e. work projects established by the Hoover administration to revitalize the economy

c. shantytowns of unemployed and homeless people

immediately before his nomination as Vice President on the Republican ticket in 1900, Theodore Roosevelt served as a. assistant Secretary of the Navy b. Secretary of War c. U.S. Senator from New York d. Governor if New York

d. Governor if New York

The seniments expressed in the quotation above are best understood in the context of the a. existence of segregation laws in the South. b. the rise of cinema in the 1920s. c. restrictions on free speech coming out of World War I. d. Harlem Renaissance movement.

d. Harlem Renaissance movement.

The assembly-line production of Henry Ford's Model T automobile resulted in which of the follo end of the 1920's? a. A sharp decrease in railroad passenger traffic b. The federal government's abandonment of research on air travel c. The development of a large international market for American automobiles 510 d. Widespread purchase of automobiles by average American families e. Construction of the federal interstate highway system

d. Widespread purchase of automobiles by average American families

The cartoon focuses most explicitly on President Roosevelt's support of a. conservation. b. consumer protection. c. labor rights. d. corporate regulations

d. corporate regulations

The 1932 Hoover Stimson Doctrine a. limited Japan's ability to build military ships. b. committed the United States to join the League of Nations effort to impose economic sanctions against Japan for its invasion of Manchuria c. ended the Open Door Policy. d. declared that the United States would not recognize any territorial acquisition achieved by force.

d. declared that the United States would not recognize any territorial acquisition achieved by force.

D. W. Grifith's epic film The Birth of a Nation 1915) became controversial because of its a. portrayal of the Sons of Liberty as a radical mob b. celebration of American freedoms at a time of protest against radical groups c. celebration of America's cultural diversity d. depiction of Ku Klux Klan activities as heroic and commendable e. sympathetic treatment of Germany in the years before the First World War

d. depiction of Ku Klux Klan activities as heroic and commendable

The primary goal of the government policy cited above was to a. respond to military resistance by Indians. b. promote a larger reservation system. c. launch new treaties with Indians. d. end tribal identities.

d. end tribal identities.

Women working in settlement houses such as Hull House initially sought to help a. Formerly enslaved men and women adjust to life after slavery b. farmers fight unfair banking practices c. American Indians resist encroachment on their lands d. immigrants adapt to American customs and language

d. immigrants adapt to American customs and language

Which of the following is most accurate about the excerpt? a. Its contents most likely triggered war between the U.S. and Spain. b. It was most likely motivated by American nativist sentiment. C. it seems to be a reflection of the policy established in the Atlantic Charter. d. it endorses a policy of imperialism

d. it endorses a policy of imperialism

America's major foreign-policy problem in the 1920s was addressed by the Dawes Plan, which a. ended the big stick policy of armed intervention in Central America and the Caribbean. b. established a ratio of allowable naval strength between the United States, Britain, and Japan. c. condemned the Japanese aggression against Manchuria. d. provided a solution to the tangle of war-debt and war-reparations payments.

d. provided a solution to the tangle of war-debt and war-reparations payments.

Despite Warren G. Harding's policy of isolationism, the United States became involved in the Middle East to a. suppert a homeland for Jews in Israel. b prevent the League of Nations from establishing British and French protectorates in the region. c. stop the Soviet Union from dominating the area. d. secure oil drilling concessions for American companies.

d. secure oil drilling concessions for American companies.

The cartoon was most likely infuened by which of the following events? a. Roosevelt's handling of the anthracite coal miners' strike b. the U.S. annexation of Hawaii c. the ratification of the 16th Amendment d. the Supreme Court decision that broke up the Northern Securities Company.

d. the Supreme Court decision that broke up the Northern Securities Company.

Labor unions favored immigration restriction because most immigrants were all of the following except а. difficult to unionize opposed factory labor B. opposed to factory labor C. willing to work for lower wages d. non-English speaking

B. opposed to factory labor

The real purpose of Teddy Roosevelt's assault on trusts was to a. fragment big business. B. prove that government, not private business, ruled the country. c. inspire confidence in small business owners. d. expose the Senators that benefitted from the large corporations.

B. prove that government, not private business, ruled the country.

The poster was most intended to ( "Destroy this made brute"- Enlist U.S Army) a. reeruit women to take jobs in industry. b. raise the level of patriotism and support for the war against Germany c. raise funds for the war effort against Spain. d. silence opponents to America's war effort against Germany.

B. raise the level of patriotism and support for the war against Germany

Point No. 2 was most likely written with which of the following in mind? a. the Lusitania incident b. the Bolshevik Revolution c. the Filipino Rebellion d. the Zimmerman telegram

A. The lusitania incident

The Teapot Dome scandal was centered on corrupt deals and bribes involving a. naval oil reserves. b. veterans' hospitals. c. the Bureau of Indian Affairs. d. presidential pardons

a. naval oil reserves.

During the late 19th century, western Native American life was most affected by a. post-Civil War migration of whites. b. evangelical missions. c. generous treaties. d. alliances among Indian nations.

a. post-Civil War migration of whites.

Source Espionage Act, 1918

"Whoever, when the United States, is at war, shall willfully make or convey false reports or false statements with intent to interfere with the operation or success of the military or naval forces of the US or to promote the success of its enemies... and whoever, when the US is at war, shall willfully cause or attempt to cause insubordination, disloyalty, mutiny, or refusal of duty, in the military or naval forces of the US...and whoever, when the US is at war, shall willfully obstruct the recruiting or enlistment service of the US...shall be punished by a fine of not more then 10,000 or imprisonment for not more then 20 years, or both..."

"I wish that those who oppose this settlement could feel the moral obligation that rests upon us not to turn our backs on the boys who died, but to see the thing through, to see it through to the end and make good their redemption of the world. For nothing less depends upon this decision, nothing less than liberation and salvation of the world." President Wilson, speech in Pueblo Colorado, September 25, 1919 "The United States is the world's best hope, but if you fetter her in the interests and quarrels of other nations, if you tangle her in the intrigues of Europe, you will destroy her power for good and endanger her very existence. Leave her to march treely through the centuries to come as in the years that have gone." Henry Cabot Lodge, speech in Washington D.C., August 12, 1919

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"In the year of the massacre at Wounded Knee, 1890, it was officially declared by the Bureau of the Census that the internal frontier was closed. The profit system, with its natural tendency for expansion, had already begun to look overseas. The severe depression that began in 1893 strengthened an idea that overseas markets for American goods might relieve the problem of under-consumption at home and prevent the economic crises of the early 1890s..." Howard Zinn, "A People's History of the United States, 1492-Present," 1995

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"We younger Negro artists who create now intend to express our dark-skinned selves without fear or shoo. The white people are pleased, we are glad. If they are not, it doesn't matter. We know we are beautiful. And ugly too. The tom-tom cries and the tom-tom laughs. If colored people are pleased we are glad. If they are not, their displeasure doesn't matter either. We build our temples for tomorrow, strong as we know how, and we stand on top of the mountain, free within ourselves."Langston Hughes, "The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain," 1926

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"With a profound sense of the solemn...character of the step I am taking and of the grave responsibilities which it involves, but in unhesitating obedience to what I deem my constitutional duty, I advise that the Congress declare the recent course of the Imperial German Government to be in fact nothing less than war against the...United States;...Neutrality is no longer feasible or desirable where the peace of the world is involved and the freedom of its peoples, and the menace to that peace and freedom lies in the existence of autocratic governments...We shall, happily, still have an opportunity to prove that friendship...towards the millions of men and women of German birth and native sympathy, who live amongst us...and we shall be proud to prove it towards all who are in fact loyal to their neighbors and to the Government....They are, most of them, as true and loyal Americans as if they had never known any other..

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A widely held view of the Republican administrations of the 1920s is that they represented a return to an older order that had existed before Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson became the nation's chief executives. Harding and Coolidge especially are seen as latter-day McKinley's, political mediocrities who peopled their cabinets with routine, conservative party hacks of the kind almost universal in Washington from the end of the Civil War until the early 20th century. In this view, the 1920s politically were an effort to set back the clock.

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AMiether they will or no, Americans must now begin to lok outward. The growing production of the country doman as i An increasing volume of public sentiment now he in to le postino he Unicad Sacs, between the two Old Winds and inltvo great oceans, makes the same claim, which it hepost strengthened by the creation of the new link inhie Paci Atlantic and Pacific. The tendency will be mailich vil nd in beased by the growth of the European colonies in the Pacific, by the advancing civilization of Japan, and by the rapid peopling of our Pacific States with men who have all the aggressive spirit of the advanced line of national progress." -Alfred T. Mahan, "The United States Looking Outward," 1890

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Source: President Herbert Hoover, Press Statement, February 3, 1931. ..This is not an issue as to whether the people are going hungry or cold in the United States. It is solely a question of the best method by which hunger and cold can be prevented. It is a question as to whether the American people on the one hand will maintain the spirit of charity and of mutual self-help through voluntary giving and the responsibility of local government as distinguished on the other hand from appropriations out of the Federal Treasury for such purposes. My own conviction is strongly that if we break down the sense of responsibility, of individual generosity to individual, and mutual self-help in the country in times of national difficulty and if we start appropriations of this character we have not only impaired something infinitely valuable in the life of the American people but have struck at the roots of self-government. Once

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Source: The Platt Amendment, 1903. Article I: The Government of Cuba shall never enter into any treaty or other compact with any foreign powers which will impair or tend to impair the independence of Cuba, nor in any manner authorize or permit any foreign power or powers to obtain by colonization or for military or naval purposes, or otherwise, lodgment in or control over any portion of said island..... Article Ill: The Government of Cuba consents that the United States may exercise the right to intervene for the preservation of Cuban independence, the maintenance of a government adequate for the protection of life, property, and individual liberty, and for discharging the obligations with respect to Cuba imposed by the Treaty of Paris on the United States, now to be assumed and undertaken by the Goverment of Cuba... Article VII: To enable the United States to maintain the independence of Cuba, and to protect the peo

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The President of the United States.. hereby is authorized, whenever in his opinion any reservation or any part thereof.. is advantageous for agricultural and grazing purposes... to allot the lands in said reservation in severalty to any Indian located thereon in quantities as follows: To each head of family, one-quarter of a section; To each single person over eighteen years of age, one eighth of a section; To each single orphan child under eighteen years of age, one eighth of a section... Every Indian born within...the US to whom allotments [of land have been made... who has taken up...his residence separate and apart from any tribe of Indians and adopted the habits of civilized life, is hereby declared a citizen of the US. The Dawes (Severalty) Act, 1887

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We intend to begin on the first of February unrestricted submarine warfare. We shall endeavor in spite of this to keep the United States of America neutral. In the event of this not succeeding, we make Mexico a proposal of alliance on the following basis: make war together, make peace together, generous financial support and an understanding on our part that Mexico is to reconquer the lost territory in Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona. The settlement in detail is left to you...

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Jane Adams whole house was establish primarily to A. Create educational programs to aid, poor immigrants. B. Promote women's suffrage. C. Offer basic education to African-Americans. D. Fight the over consumption of alcohol in the Chicago slums

A. Create educational programs to aid, poor immigrants.

Which of the following was most direct effect of the trend described in the excerpt? A. The development of the progressive movement to address social problems associated with industrial society. B. The emergence of the populist parties efforts to increase the role of government in the economy. C. The election of large numbers of women to political offices D. The increase participation of women in factory work.

A. The development of the progressive movement to address social problems associated with industrial society.

President Taft alienated himself with the Republican Party with the A. passing of the Payne-Aldrich Tariff b. passing of the Payne - Vreeland Act C. Attack on Northern Securities D. Dismissal of Gifford Pinchot

A. passing of the Payne-Aldrich Tariff

Conditions shown in the image depict which of the following trends in the late 19th century? A. the growing gap between the rich and the poor. b. the rise of the settlement house and Populist Movements. c. increased corruption in urban politics. d. the migration of African Americans to the North in the late 19th century.

A. the growing gap between the rich and the poor.

Which figure would be most likely to agree with this cartoon? a. William McKinley B. Eugene Debs C. Andrew Carnegie D) John D. Rockefeller

B. Eugene Debs

Point No. 4 most directly addressed which "ingredient" for World War 1? a. Imperialism b. Militarism c. Alliance systems d. Slavic Nationalism

B. Militarism

What doctrine was accepted as a result of this court case decision? A. Nativism B. Separate but equal C. Progressivism D. Racial integration

B. Separate but equal

Which if the following justified the conditions described in the excerpt? A. Laissez-Faire economics B. Social Darwinism C. Social Gospel d Monroe Doctrine

B. Social Darwinism

Several of the principles laid out in excerpt were afterwards applied in which of the following? a. Wilson's "New Freedom" program b. the Treaty of Versailles c. Wilson's Neutrality Proclamation d. the Open Door policy

B. The Treaty of Versallies

Roosevelt's role in the Panamanian Revolution involved a. Using American naval forces to block Colombian troops from crossing the isthmus and crushing the revolt. b. placing an economic embargo on Colombia. c. remaining neutral. d. funding the Panamanian rebels.

a. Using American naval forces to block Colombian troops from crossing the isthmus and crushing the revolt.

Which group would have agreed with the Supreme Court's decision? A. African-American women B. Asian immigrants C. White Southerners D. Native Americans

C. White Southerners

The United States declared war on Germany a. in response iq demands by American munitions makers b. because it appeared that France was about to surrender. C. after German U-boats sank four unarmed American merchant vessels. d. after Mexico signed an alliance with Germany. e. after final negotiations between Germany and the United States over unrestricted submarine warfare failed to come to an agreement.

C. after German U-boats sank four unarmed American merchant vessels.

Which of the following was most likely prohibited during ww1 years as a result of the law above? a. peacefully protesting war against Germany b. writing a book that glorified Germany c. discouraging someone from registering for the war draft d. traveling on British passenger ships

C. discouraging someone from registering for the war draft

American involvement in the affairs of Latin American nations at the turn of the century usually stemmed from a. the need to defend these nations against a reassertion of Spanish power. b. the hope that involvement would lead to their outright acquisition by the U.S. C. the fact that they were chronically in debt. d. the desire to control the flow of immigrants from these countries into the U.S.

C. the fact that they were chronically in debt.

In his book Our Country: Its Possible Future and its Present Crisis, the Reverend Josiah Strong advocated American expansion a. based on a powerful new navy. b. to open up new markets for industrial goods. C. to spread American religion and values. d. to ease labor violence at home.

C. to spread American religion and values.

The Senate likely would have accepted American participation in the League of Nations and America would have been welcomed by other nations into the League of Nations if president Wilson had a. stuck to the principles of his own Fourteen Points. b. guaranteed that American troops would never be used in League for collective security military operations to maintain peace among nations. c. actively eampaigned for support from the American public a. been willing to compromise with League opponents in Congress on some issues surrounding American participation in League matters. e. run for re-election.

D. been willing to compromise with League opponents in Congress on some issues surrounding American participation in League of matters.

Woodrow Wilsons ultimate goal at the Paris Peace Conference was to a. stop the spread of communism. b. blame no one for starting the war. c. force Germany to pay reparations for the war. d. establish the League of Nations. e. destroy the Austrian and Russian empires.

D. establish the League of Nations.

African American migration to the urban North during the First World War was due primarily to a. racially integrated residential neighborhoods in Northern cities b. increased educational oppertunities resulting from affirmative-action programs c. recruitment efforts by labor unions d. expanded job opportunities in Northern factories e. encouragement by White Protestant churches in the North

D. expanded job opportunities in Northern factories

The European Allies were able to finance their costly war effort during the period of American neutrality mainly because of a. confiscation of German property. b. income taxes. c. tariffs. d. sale of armaments to the United States and Russia. e. American bankers, most notably the Wall Street firm of J.P. Morgan and Company.

E. American bankers, most notably the Wall Street firm of J.P. Morgan and Company.

When did Pres Wilson break diplomatic relations with Germany? a. When it appeared that the Germany army would take Paris b. After Germany rejected Wilson's Fourteen Points for peace c. Afier Great Britain and France persuaded the United States that it should abandon neutrality because it could not hold out against the Central Powers any longer d. When the Zimmermann note was intercepted and made public e. When Germany announced that it would wage unrestricted submarine warfare in the Atlantic

E. When Germany announced that it would wage unrestricted submarine warfare in the Atlantic

The US home front during the Fiest World War was marked by an increase in all of the following EXCEPT a. tax rates on individuals and estates b. government regulation of fuel, food, and transportation c. employment opportunities for African Americans and Mexican Amerieans d. participation of women in factory work, government service, and volunteer work e. support of individual liberties by the Supreme Court

E. support of individual liberties by the Supreme Court

From 1914 to 1916, Americas growing trade with Britain and loss of trade with Germany essentially occurred because a. the British needed Ameriean goods and weapons and the Germans did not. b. more Americans sympathized with Britain than with Germany. c. Germany raised tariffs and other protectionist barriers on America's exports to Germany. d. American bankers like J.P. Morgan were willing to loan money to Britain but not to Germany. e. the British navy controlled the Atlantic shipping lanes.

E. the British navy controlled the Atlantic shipping lanes.

Congresses passage of the Shepard- Towner Maternity Act demonstrated that the government a. was beginning to address the issue of equal treatment of mothers in the workplace. b. was prepared to take substantial steps toward federally funded child care. c. was indifferent to mothers working outside the home and providing maternal and infant health care. d. supperted pregnancy and maternity leave benefits for women e. was willing to benefit and support women primarily in their role as mothers.

E. was willing to benefit and support women primarily in their role as mothers

What role in early 20th century world affairs does the political cartoon give the United States? a. a force for the spread of democracy and prosperity b. A challenge to European imperialism c. a proponent of Social Darwinism d. As one that upholds the US foreign policy tradition of noninvolvement

a. a force for the spread of democracy and prosperity

The main goal of the Bonus Army at the start of the Depression was to a. allow veterans to receive their promised army pensions early. b. to provide federal aid to farmers that had lost their farms. c. to push for the repeal of the Fordney-McCumber Tariff d. support the Norris-La Guardia Anti-Injunction Act to protect unions.

a. allow veterans to receive their promised army pensions early.

The Supreme Court's rule of reason in restraint of trade cases was handed down in a case involving a Northern Securities b. United States Steel c. Standard Oil d. Armour Meat-Packing

c. Standard Oil

The "Great Migration" out of the South by many African Americans during World War I was most immediately the result of a. economic opportunities created by the demands of WWI b. the first Red Seare. c. the rising number if migrants from Mexico moving into the Southwestern US. d. the influence of the mass media.

a. economic opportunities created by the demands of WWI

The "Great Migration" out of the South by many African Americans during World War I was most immediately the result of a. economic opportunities created by the demands of WWI. b. the first Red Scare. c. the rising number if migrants from Mexico moving into the Southwestern US. d. the influence of the mass media.

a. economic opportunities created by the demands of WWI.

In the mid-1920s President Coolidge twice refused to sign legislation proposing to a. exempt farmer's cooperatives from anti-trust laws. b. set lower interest rates for farmer's in danger of defaulting on their farm mortgages. c. lowering tariffs, d. subsidizing farm prices.

a. exempt farmer's cooperatives from anti-trust laws.

The intended beneficiaries of the McNary-Haugen bill were ________while the intended beneficiaries of the Norris-LaGuardia Act were a. farmers; labor unions b. railroads; labor unions. c. farmers; banks d. railroads; farmers

a. farmers; labor unions

The image portrays which of the following foreign policies promoted by the Theodore Roosevelt's administration? a. A "preventative intervention" that would protect Latin American countries from outside influences. b. The agreement with Japan to stop the flow of laborers to America. c. The enforcement of historical agreements with Britain such as the Clayton-Bulwer Treaty d. Scheming with Bunau-Varilla to incite rebellion in Central America.

a. A "preventative intervention" that would protect Latin American countries from outside influences.

Which of the following best characterizes the conservationist approach to the environment that emerges in the progressive Era? a. Designation of national parks and forests for recreation and managed use b. Use of federal money to clean up polluted industrial sites c. Passage of legislation banning the use of pesticides in agriculture d. Passage of legislation to ensure clean air and waterways e. Preservation of both land and wildlife in pristine condition

a. Designation of national parks and forests for recreation and managed use

Which of the following groups would most likely support the views expressed by Henry Cabot Lodge a. Federalists during Washington's presidency b. Opponents of the Monroe Doctrine c. Democrats during Franklin Delano Roosevelt's presidency d. Supporters of the Vietnam War

a. Federalists during Washington's presidency

The United States gained a perpetual lease on the Panama Canal Zone in the a. Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty. b. Clayton-Bulwer Treaty. c. Gentlemen's Agreement. d. Hay-Pauncefote Treaty

a. Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty.

The main point of the cartoon is most comparable to the idea that a. President Roosevelt wanted to tame the power of big business, not end it. b. the Sherman Antitrust Act was unenforceable. c. President Roosevelt wanted to destroy all trufts. d. President Roosevelt often did not practice what he preached.

a. President Roosevelt wanted to tame the power of big business, not end it.

Which of the following took place during World War I in response to Wilson's assurance made at the end of the excerpt above? a. Restrictions on freedom of speech b. The first Red Scare c. Restrictions on immigration from nations in the Western Hemisphere d. the internment of Japanese Americans

a. Restrictions on freedom of speech

Which of the following people would most likely support Mahan's ideas? a. Someone favoring U.S. annexation of island territories following the invasion Spanish-American War b. Someone favoring the Great Migration c. Someone favoring protective tariffs d. Someone favoring war with Mexico

a. Someone favoring U.S. annexation of island territories following the Spanish-American War

Which of the following events motivated the United States to have an expanded economic and military presence in Cuba? a. Spanish-American War b. War of 1812 c. Louisiana Purchase d. Great Depression

a. Spanish-American War

The question of the annexation of ________ touched off the first major imperialistic debate on American history a. The Philippines b. Puerto Rico c. Cuba d. Hawaii

a. The Philippines

Which of the following occurred on the home front during the First World War? a. The United States public expressed widespread anti-German sentiment. b. Military commanders desegregated the armed forces. c. The United States government placed Japanese Americans in relocation camps. d. Women joined the military in large numbers. a few e. The federal government issued rationing coupons for food and gasoline

a. The United States public expressed widespread anti-German sentiment.

During the 1920s, the Sacco-Vanzetti case and the rise of the new Ku Klux Klan reflected a. public fear and resentment of southern and eastern European immigrants b. increased racism resulting from the migration of Black southerners to urban centers in the North c. growing lawlessness resulting from the passage of the Eighteenth Amendment (Prohibition) d. the decreased influence of fundamentalist religious groups e. widespread opposition to Congress' decision to join the League of Nations

a. public fear and resentment of southern and eastern European immigrants

China's Boxer Rebellion was an attempt to a. throw out or kill all foreigners. b. overthrow the corrupt Chinese government. c. destroy the Open Door Policy. d. end Chinese immigrants to the U.S.

a. throw out or kill all foreigners.

The prosperity that developed in the 1920s a. was accompanied by a cloud of consumer debt. b. led to a growing level of savings by the American public. c. enabled labor unions to gain strength. d. was concentrated primarily in heavy industry. e. closed the gap between rich and poor.

a. was accompanied by a cloud of consumer debt.

The quotation above most clearly illustrates the ideas supported by a.Social Darwinism B. the Enlightenment C. the Second Great Awakening d. the free labor theory

a.Social Darwinism

Conditions like those shown in the image contributed most directly to which of the following? a. The passage of immigration laws limiting immigration by country of origin. b. An increase in Progressive reform legislation c. A decline in efforts to Americanize immigrants. d. The weakening of labor unions such as the American Federation of Labor.

b. An increase in Progressive reform legislation

Based on the excerpt, which of the following conclusions can best be made about Herbert Hoover? a. He was a strong supporter of the Bonus Army b. He was opposed to direct relief policies c. He supported legislation that would establish old-age pensions d. He underestimated the unemployment problem in the United State at the time.

b. He was opposed to direct relief policies

The arguments of Wilson and Lodge best represent which of the following recurring foreign policy debates in US history? a. Imperialism vs. Anti-Imperialism b. Isolation vs. Intervention c. Flexible Response vs. Massive Retaliation d. Manifest Destiny vs. Neutrality

b. Isolation vs. Intervention

The election of Herbert Hoover over Al Smith illustrated a. America's general rejection of Prohibition. b. Nativist opinions concerning religion c. rejection of isolationist policies d. fears of impending economic uncertainty.

b. Nativist opinions concerning religion

Which of the folloving reasons does NO represent why the US challenged Sparish authority in the Philippines? a. Defending American sugar plantation interests b. Open Door Policy c. Naval fueling station d. "Civilizing" an inferior society

b. Open Door Policy

Which of the following examples most directly supports the main argument found in the excerpt. a.President Harding's pardon of Eugene Debs. b. President Harding's signing of the Fodney-McCumber tariff into law c. President Coolidge's call for an anti lynching law d. President Harding's support of an 8-hour workday within the steel industry.A

b. President Harding's signing of the Fodney-McCumber tariff into law

Conditions such as those shown in the photograph contributed most directly to which of the following? a. A constitutional amendment guaranteeing women the right to vote b. Pressure from progressive activists to reform business practices c. Political initiatives to reform city governments d. Creation of the federal income tax

b. Pressure from progressive activists to reform business practices

US interactions with Latin America during the early twentieth century were most directly influenced by which of the following concepts? a. Laissez-faire economics. b. Social Darwinism c. Self-determination d. Progressivism

b. Social Darwinism

Advocates for individuals such as those shown in the photograph most likely would have agreed with which of the following perspectives? a. That ensuring fair wages was primarily the responsibility of labor unions b. That the government had an obligation to establish workplace safety standards c. That the use of child labor was necessary to maintain competitiveness d. That the government should not interfere with private business practices.

b. That the government had an obligation to establish workplace safety standards

The Reconstruction Finance Corporation was established to a. provide direct economic assistance to labor. b. make loans to businesses, banks, and state and local governments. c. lend money for federal works projects. d. provide funds for the construction of dams on the Tennessee River

b. make loans to businesses, banks, and state and local governments.

An underlying cause of the Great Depression, which began in 1929, was a. excessive government control of business and industry b. overproduction in the manufacturing and farm sectors c. the budget deficit incurred after the First World War d. withdrawal of foreign investments from the United States e. the implementation of free-trade policies after the First World War

b. overproduction in the manufacturing and farm sectors

The sentiments expressed in the excerpt are most similar to those expressed in a. Woodrow Wilson's 14 Points. b. the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine. c. the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. d. T. Roosevelt's campaign speech in 1900.

b. the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine.

During Coolidge's presidency, govement policy was set largely by the interest and values of a. farmers and wage earners b. the business community c. racial and ethnic minorities d. progressive reformers

b. the business community

Which of the following most directly influenced the trends shown in the graph? a. corporate tax breaks b. the introduction of the installment plan c. the Harlem Renaissance d. the Haley-Smoot Tariff

b. the introduction of the installment plan

As one progressive explained, the "real heart" of the progressive movement was to a. preserve world peace b. use the government as an agency of human welfare c. ensure the Jeffersonian style of government d. reinstate the policy of laissez faire

b. use the government as an agency of human welfare

The use of images in the late 1800s and early 1900s such as the one shown had most in common with which of the following? a. Novels that promoted the idea that young people could achieve success through honesty and hard work b. The concept, proposed by leading industrialists, that wealthy people had a moral responsibility to people living in poverty c. The reporting of journalists that raised public awareness of social injustices in United States cities d. The promotion of Christianity as a means to build good character and virtue

c. The reporting of journalists that raised public awareness of social injustices in United States cities

President Taft intervened militarily in which two areas to ease disorders that threatened American investments there a) Mexico b. the Philippines c) the Caribbean d. Central America e. Manchuria

c) the Caribbean d. Central America

The cartoon is meant to depict the adverse effects of a. the Red Scare b. the Great Migration c. 1920s Prohibition d. post-WWI agricultural overproduction

c. 1920s Prohibition

Which of the following arguments could best be supported by the purpose of the excerpt? a. Urbanization led to the transformation of the natural landscape in every part of the country b. Industrialization resulted in the use of fewer raw materials because of efficient production c. Reformers encouraged the more active protection of natural resources d. wartime mobilization contributed to the use of national parks for military purposes.

c. Reformers encouraged the more active protection of natural resources

The dangerous proviso that Germany attached to its Sussex pledge not to attack unarmed neutral shipping was the requirement that... a. Americans would have to refrain from sailing on British-owned passenger ships. b. U-Boats could capture merchant vessels if the submarines surfaced. c. the Americans would have to guarantee that passenger vessels were not secretly carrying military supplies. d. the United States would have to persuade the Allies to end their blockade of Germany or submarine wartare would be resumed e. Woodrow Wilson would have to seek a fair, negotiated settlement of the war.

d. the US would have to persuade the Allies to end their blockade of Germany or submarine warfare would be resumed.

The telegram above was part of an effort to a. disrupt American influence in Latin America. b. convince several western states to secede (withdraw) from the United States. c. bring Mexico into Werld War I on the side of Great Britain and France. d. win Mexican support for Germany if the United States declared war against them.

d. win Mexican support for Germany if the United States declared war against them.

Which of the following best characterizes the stance of the writers associated with the literary writing of the 1920s, such as Sinclair Lewis and F. Scott Fitzgerald? a. Sympathy for Protestant fundamentalism b. Nostalgia for the "good old days" c. Commitment to the cause of racial equality d. Advocacy of cultural isolationism e. Criticism of middle-class conformity and materialism

e. Criticism of middle-class conformity and materialism

the term "muckrakers" was used in the early 20th century to refer to a. laborers who worked in the meatpacking industry b. baseball players who wrote articles sympathetic to big business d. captains of industry who defended the accumulation of wealth in lectures and pamphlets e. Journalists who wrote articles exposing political corruption and urban poverty

e. Journalists who wrote articles exposing political corruption and urban poverty

What was the main reason for the major decrease in the number of Europeans immigrating to the United States in the 1920s? a. There was widespread prosperity in Europe after the First World War. b. Most European countries passed laws forbidding immigration to the United States. c. A significant increase in emigration from Latin America left fewer jobs for European immigrants. d. Fear of political persecution after the Palmer raids and the Sacco and Vanzetti case discouraged many Europeans from emigrating. The United States passed the National Origins Act.

e. The United States passed the National Origins Act.

Woodrow Wilson showed the limits of his progressivism by a. opposing workingmen's compensation. b. opposing the entry of women into politics. c. endorsing immigration limitations on Japanese and Chinese immigrants. d. refusing to appoint the Jewish Louis D. Brandeis to the Federal Trade Commission. e. acceleraling the segregation of African Americans in the federal bureaucracy.

e. acceleraling the segregation of African Americans in the federal bureaucracy.

In 1919, the Supreme Court in Scenck vs US upheld the constitutionality of the Espionage Act establishing what doctrine as a legal precedent? a. "separate but equal" b. "clear and present danger" c. "elastic clause" d. "open door"

e. accelerating the segregation of African Americans in the federal bureaucracy.

In an attempt to persuade Spain to leave Cuba or to encourage the United States to help Cuba to gain its independence, Cuban insurrectos a. attacked Spanish shipping b. raided Havana c. assassinated Spanish officials, d. blew up the battleship Maine. e. burned the cane fields and sugar mills.

e. burned the cane fields and sugar mills.

Source: Woodrow Wilson's 14 Points Speech, January 8, 1918 Absolute freedom of navigation upon the seas, the outside territorial waters, alike in peace and in war, except as the seas may be closed in whole or in part by international action for the enforcement of international covenant. Adequate guarantees given and taken that national armaments will be reduced to the lowest point consistent with domestic safety...

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