APUSH Midterm Review

Which of the following political changes most likely influenced the Second Great Awakening?

A participatory democracy expanded belief in the importance of the individual

Thomas Jefferson believed all of the following EXCEPT:

A strong national army is essential to keep order in the United States

By 1775, the ___ were the largest non-English ethnic group in colonial America.

Africans

Lincoln's actions as commander in chief during the Civil War were most like the philosophy of

Alexander Hamilton

The Missouri Compromise did which of the following?

Allowed Maine to enter the Union as a free state

Of the following, which was the principal issue on which the Unites States sought settlement with Great Britain at the outset of the War of 1812?

An end to impressment

What was a factor in the nation's acquisition of Florida from Spain?

Andrew Jackson led an army to invade Florida, subsequently killing British agents

Which of the following was most responsible for encouraging the growth of domestic markets in the first half of the nineteenth century?

Better transportation networks

The Sons of Liberty initiated the Boston Tea Party in direct response to

British efforts to protect the East India Company from bankruptcy

Which of the following factors best explains the increase in White male suffrage in the early nineteenth century?

Changes to property ownership requirements

Which of the following best explains the cause of the emergence of new political parties in the early nineteenth century?

Continued debates over the proper role of the federal government

Which of the following is a commonality among tobacco, rice, and cotton production?

Each drove the expansion of the slave trade for a time

Which system employed by the Spanish advanced the goals of both converting American Indians to Christianity and exploiting their labor?

Encomienda

Which European country had the least significant presence in the Western Hemisphere during the 15th and 16th centuries?

England

The economic growth of the South relied primarily on the export of goods to which of the following?

Europe

In 1787-1789, which of the following groups was most likely to oppose ratification of the Constitution?

Farmers in isolated areas

Which of the following contributed the LEAST to the growing colonial sentiment toward independence in the 1770s?

Frustration over the British government's refusal to send troops to protect the colonies from Indian attacks

Thomas Jefferson opposed some of Alexander Hamilton's programs because Jefferson believed that

Hamilton's programs favored wealthy financial interests

Which of the following was Robert Fulton's major contribution to U.S. history?

His work in designing steamboats made upstream commerce possible

How did John Locke influence the attitudes of colonial slaveholders?

His writings were used to defend slavery as a natural right of property

Which of the following was a core belief of the transcendentalists of the early nineteenth century?

Individual conduct should be guided by truths found in the individual conscience

Which of the following is true of the case of Marbury v. Madison?

It affirmed the principle of judicial review

The Embargo Act of 1807 had which of the following effects on the United States?

It disrupted American shipping

Which of the following was an outcome of the American Revolution?

It inspired a number of other independence movements

Support for slavery in the Southern states was based on all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

Most White families owned slaves

The argument between Great Britain and its American colonies during the 1760's and 1770's over "virtual representation" concerned

Parliament's ability to represent colonial interests

The Jefferson administration advocated which of the following changes as a means of restoring republican ideals?

Reducing the scope of activities of the federal government

Which of the following was not a native crop from the Americas that stimulated trade and/or population in Europe?

Rice

The physical and social conditions of slavery were harshest in

South Carolina

Which of the following set of historical events is in the correct chronological order?

Stamp Act, Committees of Correspondence, Boston Tea Party, Intolerable Acts

Which Old World crop introduced by the Spanish most dramatically increased demand for African slaves in the Caribbean?

Sugar

At the outset of the war, which of the following was the greatest advantage possessed by the Confederacy?

Superior military leadership

Which of the following groups of colonial settlers largely avoided intermarriage or cross-racial sexual unions with native populations?

The English

What became the most controversial element of the Compromise of 1850?

The Fugitive Slave Act

Which of the following is NOT correctly identified?

The Stamp Act —placed an indirect tax on imported paper products

Which of the following correctly characterizes the War of 1812?

The United States was able to reassert sovereignty over its existing western lands and remove Britain's military presence

Which of the following most likely contributed to the emergence of the Second GreatAwakening?

The cultural responses to the Enlightenment

The rise in manufacturing beginning in the early 1800s eventually resulted in which of the following by 1848?

The emergence of a larger middle class in the North than in the South

President Jackson's Native American policy resulted in which of the following?

The removal of the Cherokee from the Southeast to settlements across the Mississippi

Which of the following most accurately describes the attitude of seventeenth-century Puritans toward religious liberty?

They tolerated no one whose expressed religious views varied from their own views

What was the primary intention of the Adams administration in enforcing the Sedition Act?

To intimidate and silence critics of the Adams' administration

Which of the following transportation developments opened the West to settlement and trade between 1790 and 1830?

Turnpikes and canals

Which British North American colony violently confronted the Powhatan Indians and justified their actions by their strong belief in their racial and cultural superiority?

Virginia

France's support for the United States during the American Revolutionary War was motivated primarily by

a desire to weaken its rival, Great Britain

Which of the following describes "the Lowell system" in early nineteenth-century New England?

a plan to promote and expand textile manufacturing activities

All of the following conditions influenced the development of American agriculture during the first half of the nineteenth century EXCEPT

a widespread interest in conserving soil and natural resources

In the antebellum period, free African Americans were

able to accumulate some property in spite of discrimination

As a result of the publication of Uncle Tom's Cabin in 1852,

abolitionism gained ground in the North

Pinckney's Treaty with Spain is considered a diplomatic highlight of Washington's administration because it

allowed the United States to use the port of New Orleans

The ultimate consequence of the sharecropping system for the South was

an increase in poverty for both blacks and whites

The United States House of Representatives responded to abolitionist agitation in the 1830s by

banning discussion of antislavery petitions

The concept of republican motherhood includes the idea that women should

be educated to raise their children to be good citizens

The Wilmot Proviso

called for American annexation of lands conquered from Mexico as free territory

In order to keep the Border States to remain in the Union, President Lincoln

declared martial law where needed

The Constitutional Convention of 1787 did all of the following EXCEPT

determine provisions to be included in the Bill of Rights

In terms of politics, the 1850s were noteworthy because they witnessed the

dissolution of national political parties over sectional concerns

Politics in the antebellum United States changed dramatically because

expanded White male suffrage broadened participation in elections

During the War for Independence, the principal reason the American government sought diplomatic recognition from foreign powers was to

facilitate the purchase of arms and borrowing of money from other nations

All of the following contributed to the growth of the free African American population in the United States in the early nineteenth century EXCEPT

federal constitutional provisions for emancipation

In the 1850's, the South differed from the North in that the South had

fewer European immigrants

The Whigs hoped to win the 1836 election by

forcing the election into the House of Representatives

With regard to the Oregon Territory, in 1846, the United States

hammered out a compromise agreement with the British Empire

A major reason why Thomas Jefferson was interested in purchasing Louisiana from France was that he

hoped to preserve an agricultural society by making abundant lands available to future generations

The major purpose of England's mercantilist policy was to

increase England's prosperity

The Ordinances of 1785 and 1787 were notable accomplishments because they

initiated a territorial policy that provided for the orderly creation of new states

The Battle of Vicksburg was an important victory for the Union because

it gave the Union virtual control of the Mississippi River

In the case of Commonwealth v. Hunt, the supreme court of Massachusetts ruled that

labor unions were not illegal conspiracies

The Black Codes passed in a number of southern states after the Civil War were intended to

place limits on the socio-economic opportunities open to Black people

Jacksonian Democracy was distinguished by the belief that

political participation by the common man should be increased

The Southern economy before the Civil War increasingly

produced more cotton and other crops but did not develop much industry

Thomas Jefferson disagreed with Alexander Hamilton's economic plan primarily because he feared that it would

promote urban mercantile interests at the expense of agricultural interests

While slavery might have begun in America for economic reasons,

racial discrimination also powerfully molded the American slave system

In the decade following the ratification of the Constitution, divisions emerged between Hamilton's political party, the Federalists, and their rivals, the Democratic-Republicans, over all of the following issues EXCEPT the

relationship between religion and the federal government

The American or "Know-Nothing" Party of the 1850s

sought to limit the rights of immigrants

The Kentucky and Virginia resolutions, the Hartford Convention, and the South Carolina Exposition and Protest were similar in that all involved a defense of

states' rights

The opening of the Erie Canal in 1825 was important because it

strengthened the ties between the eastern manufacturing and western agricultural regions

Both Shays's Rebellion and the Whiskey Rebellions were

tax revolts

British colonists in North America objected to the Stamp Act primarily because it

taxed them without their consent

Throughout the first half of the nineteenth century, women reformers were most active in the cause of

temperance

The Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions took the position that

the authority of state governments included the power to decide whether or not an act of Congress was constitutional

Which of the following constituted an American advantage at the outset of the Revolutionary War?

the fact that they were fighting a defensive war

In the 19th century, Southerners used all of the following arguments to justify slavery EXCEPT

the international slave trade was highly profitable for all regions of the country

In the eighteenth century, British colonists wishing to settle west of the Appalachians were principally motivated by

the low price and easy availability of land

The election of 1800 has been referred to as a constituting "another revolution" because

the party in power stepped down after losing the election

By the time of the American Revolution, most patriots had come to believe that, in republican government, sovereignty was located in

the people

The Republican Party campaign platform of 1860 called for

the restriction of slavery from the territories

Andrew Jackson supported all of the following EXCEPT

the right of nullification

The purpose behind the spoils system was

to reward political supporters with public office

American interests and priorities with regard to Asia in the 1840s and 1850s primarily centered around

trade and commerce

President Andrew Johnson was impeached as a result of his

violation of the Tenure of Office Act

The riches created by the growing slave population in the American South

were not distributed evenly among whites

Many of the slaves who reached North America

were originally captured by African coastal tribes

During the 1800s the most common form of resistance to slavery by slaves themselves was

working slowly and breaking tools