apush semester 1 exams
a
A goal of Benjamin Franklin in 1754 was to (LT 3.2) a) achieve colonial unity and common defense against the French threat. b) propose independence of the colonies from Britain. c) declare war on the Iroquois tribe. d) prohibit New England and New York from trading with the French West Indies.
d
A profound economic consequence of the building of the Erie Canal was that (LT 4.7) a) New England farming increased. b) Regional differences became more pronounced, leading to economic competition between the North and South c) natural resources like timber were depleted d) long established local market structures were changed by the emerging continental economy.
d
After the French and Indian War, Britain shifted its position on imperial regulations to (LT 3.3) a) promote greater colonial migration to the West. b) find ways to safeguard its borders and maintain neutral trading rights. c) end trading, commerce, and negotiations with American Indians. d) alleviate its massive debt from the war.
c
All of the following are true about the Boston Massacre EXCEPT (LT 3.4) a) The first mortality was Crispus Attucks. b) British soldiers were provoked by a jeering crowd. c) it was a reaction to the Tea Party and subsequent Intolerable Acts. d) John Adams served as the defense attorney for the British soldiers.
b
All of the following are true of the transportation development which occurred by 1850 EXCEPT: (LT 4.7) a) turnpikes proved successful financial ventures which enriched stockholders and stimulated western development b) the federal government refrained from funding major interstate projects to leave construction of roads and canals to the states c) steamboats transformed navigable streams into two-way arteries which could be sailed both downstream and upstream d) transportation developments allowed people in the west and south to more easily sell their goods and acquire manufactured necessities.
d
All of the following were part of Alexander Hamilton's economic program EXCEPT: a) the creation of a national bank. b) vigorous foreign trade. c) funding the entire national debt at "par." d) paying only domestic debts but not foreign debts.
d
All the following are true of the Election of 1800 EXCEPT: (LT 4.1) a) It was the first election in which the press played a major role as both sides campaigned and attempted to undermine their opponents. b) It represented a relatively smooth transition between two rival political parties, increasing people's faith in the stability and the promise of the democratic system. c) Policies such as the Alien and Sedition Act made many people critical of the Federalist Party and skeptical of their commitment to protecting the Constitution. d) Hamilton played a significant role in campaigning in favor of the incumbent leader of the Federalist Party, John Adams, before helping break the electoral tie in favor of Jefferson.
d
All the following are true of the purpose of the Dominion of New England EXCEPT: (LT 2.8) a) to strengthen colonial defense from Native American attacks b) to collect taxes more efficiently by enforcing the Navigation Acts c)to establish more direct control over the New England colonies d) to end the religious pluralism that was developing in the region
b
All the following are true of the relocation of Native Americans during the presidency of Andrew Jackson EXCEPT: (LT 4.9) a) previous treaties were broken when Native Americans were forced off their lands. b) the Native Americans were offered the choice: assimilate into white society or lose the claim to their lands. c) Native Americans were depicted as uncivilized, but tribes such as the Cherokee had developed writing systems and political structures. d) Native Americans were resettled in the West and promised that their new territory would be permanently free from white encroachment.
d
All the following are true of transcendentalism EXCEPT: a) they believed each person can have direct communication with God and Nature b) they were trying to redefine freedom in a changing world c) they emphasized individualism and self-reliance d) they supported the idea that knowledge comes from the senses and emphasized the power of reason
b
All the following are true of women during the Revolutionary Era EXCEPT: (LT 3.9) a) they often participated in boycotts and made homespun garments b) they were encouraged to follow their husbands on military campaigns for emotional support c) they were encouraged to be literate to teach good republican values to their sons d) they helped fundraise for the war effort
c
All the following were causes of the French and Indian War EXCEPT: (LT 3.1) a) competition over the Ohio River Valley. b) international competition and a desire to gain colonial supremacy. c) Native American attacks on the frontier. d) French attempts to stop westward expansion of the British colonies.
d
Although the National Bank's constitutionality was upheld in McCulloch v. Maryland, the Second Bank of the United States was later dissolved by Andrew Jackson because it... (LT 4.9) a) Negatively affected the nation's manufacturers b) Made credit too widely available c) Had become a place for spoils-system appointments d) Was seen as a regional and elite interest
a
Andrew Jackson's veto of the recharter bill for the Bank of the United States was (LT 4.9) a) a major expansion of presidential power. b) the first presidential veto. c) a reason he was impeached. d) overturned to secure the rechartering of the bank.
c
As a result of the development of the cotton gin, all of the following occurred EXCEPT: (LT 4.8) a) slavery revived and expanded. b) British mills bought more southern cotton than did American manufacturers. c) the South diversified its economy. d) the textile industry in the North blossomed.
a
As the War for Independence began, Britain had the advantage of (LT 3.9) a) superior national wealth and naval power. b) an alliance with Spain and Holland. c) a well-organized and united home government and population. d) first-rate generals which they committed to the conflict.
c
At the time it was issued, the Monroe Doctrine was (LT 4.6) a) welcomed with relief by European powers who feared British power in the Western Hemisphere. b) incapable of being enforced by the United States. c) universally acclaimed in Britain as a great act of statesmanship. d) greeted with enthusiasm and gratitude in South America.
b
At the time the Constitution was written, the position elected directly by the people was the (LT 3. 13) a) president. b) House of Representatives. c) Senate. d) judiciary.
b
During the French and Indian War... (LT 3.3) a) colonial militiamen were impressed with the seeming invincibility of the British regulars b) British officials were disturbed by the lukewarm support of many colonials. c) British officers roundly praised the skillful fighting ability of colonial troops. d) the colonists lost confidence in their own military capability.
a
Emerson's remarks in the excerpt most directly reflected which of the following developments during the early nineteenth century? a) The emergence of a national culture b) The Second Great Awakening c) The expansion of a market economy d) The growth of national political parties
b
Esther Reed and Sarah Franklin Bache organized which group to raise funds for soldiers in PA? a) Daughters of Liberty b) Ladies' Association c) Committees of Correspondence d) Women of the Revolution
b
Gerard's description of "corne" in the excerpt best reflects which of the following? (LT 1.1) a) Curiosity about American Indian ways of life b) Assumptions about the superiority of European culture c) Inability to find uses for North American crops d) Concerns about economic threats posed by North American imports
a
Henry James's assertion that the embargo would "shake the Union itself" is most clearly supported by which of the following processes that occurred at the time? (LT 4.2) a) Increased sectionalism in the nation's economic and political foundations. b) The decline of the Federalist party's ability to command national influence. c) Growing federal support for national infrastructure for trade. d) The Supreme Court's insistence upon the sovereignty of national laws related to interstate commerce.
a
In 1774, the First Continental Congress ... (LT 3.6) a) organized a complete boycott of British goods. b) began to draft the Declaration of Independence. c) became the first intercolonial legislative body. d) helped organize armed resistance to the Quebec Act.
a
In late 1776 and early 1777, George Washington helped restore confidence in America's military by (LT 3.9) a) defeating the Hessians at Trenton and the British at Princeton. b) providing adequate food and clothing for the soldiers. c) gaining a pay raise for American troops. d) securing the support of France for the American war effort with a victory at Valley Forge.
c
In response to the Anglicanism of the 16th and 17th centuries, some religious dissidents like the Pilgrims... (LT 23) a. advocated strict separation of church and state. b. practiced violent resistance to religious oppression by Anglican authorities. c. believed the Anglican church could not be reformed and must be abandoned. d. wanted a return to traditional Catholicism.
a
In response to the imposition of the tariff, senators like John C. Calhoun proposed to... (LT 4.9) a) nullify the legislation in defense of states' rights b) amend the legislation in such a way that the interests of all regions would benefit equally c) secede from the union as a show of defiance d) implement their own internal tariffs to recoup economic losses
b
In the new continental economy, each region specialized in a particular economic activity: (LT 4.7) The South_________; the West__________; and the North _____________ a) grain and livestock, slaves, processed meat b) cotton, grain and livestock, manufactured goods and textiles c) cotton, transportation, manufactured goods and textiles d) transportation, furniture and tools, shipping
d
In the wake of the Proclamation of 1763... (LT 3.4) a) relations with France improved. b) American colonists obeyed the law they hated. c) relations between the American colonies and the British government improved. d) American colonists moved west, defying the Proclamation.
b
John Marshall, as chief justice of the United States, helped to strengthen the judicial branch of government by (LT 4.3) a) applying Jeffersonian principles in the majority of his decisions. b) asserting the doctrine of judicial review of congressional legislation. c) overriding presidential vetoes. d) protecting states' rights against the expanding federal government.
b
Match each individual below with the correct invention. (LT 4.7) A. Samuel Morse 1 B. Cyrus McCormick C. Elias Howe D. Robert Fulton S 1. telegraph 2. mower-reaper 3. steamboat 4. sewing machine a) A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1 b) A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3 c) A-1, B-4, C-2, D-3 d) A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
d
Napoleon chose to sell Louisiana to the United States for all the following reasons EXCEPT: (LT 4.2) a) he was preoccupied with a slave revolt in Haiti. b) he hoped that the territory would one day help America to thwart the ambitions of the British. c) he did not want to drive America into the arms of the British. d) The Non-Intercourse Act helped improve relations between America and France.
c
Once begun, the War of 1812 was supported strongly by (LT 4.3) a) the majority of Americans. b) New England and the seaboard states. c) the West and South. d) Native Americans.
c
One of the provisions of the Northwest Ordinance of 1787... (LT 3.10) a) allowed women to vote in the newly settled territories b) abolished slavery in all of the United States. c) prohibited slavery in the Old Northwest. d) kept power in the national government.
b
One purpose of the Declaration of Independence was to (LT 3.7) a) ask for an end to slavery. b) explain to the rest of the world why the colonies had revolted. c) appeal for fairer treatment by Parliament. d) prove that colonial politicians were as well-read as those in Europe.
a
Opposition by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison to the financial plan of Alexander Hamilton resulted in (LT 3.13) a) a relocation of the nation's capitol to secure congressional approval. b) Hamilton's dismissal from the cabinet by George Washington. c) politics drifting too far out of kilter with the wishes of the people. d) the rejection of Hamilton's plan by Washington.
b
Probably the most alarming characteristic of the new Constitution to those who opposed it was the (LT 3.12) a) creation of a standing army. b) absence of a bill of rights. c) creation of the presidency. d) emission of any reference to God.
c
Republican belief held that the stability of society and the authority of the government (LT 3.4) a) depended on a strong hierarchical culture. b) rested with a strong monarchy. c) depended on the virtue of its citizenry. d) rested on an interdependence of all citizens.
b
Response to the Stamp act took all of the following forms EXCEPT (LT 3.4) a) the widespread adoption of nonimportation agreements against British goods. b) British authorities defiantly refused to repeal the hated act. c) homespun garments were made to replace boycotted manufactured clothing. d) the Sons of Liberty ransacked the homes of British officials.
b
Settlers of the Connecticut River colony developed a document known as the Fundamental Orders, which (LT 2.8) a) marked the beginning of the colony of New Amsterdam. b) was considered the first Constitution written in British North America. c) set up a military alliance in New England. d) supported a government controlled by all people.
a
Shays' Rebellion convinced many Americans of the need for (LT 3.10) a) a stronger central government. b) a vigilante effort by westerners to halt the Indian threat. c) granting long-delayed bonuses to Revolutionary War veterans. d) a weaker military presence in the West.
c
Some Indian nations joined the British during the Revolutionary War because (LT 3.9) a) the British threatened them with destruction if they did not help. b) the British hired them as mercenaries. c) they believed that a British victory would restrain American expansion into the West. d) they were bound by treaties signed at the end of the French and Indian War.
d
The Articles of Confederation left Congress unable to ... (LT 3.10) a) organize development of the western lands. b) deal with foreign affairs. c) apportion state representation equally. d) enforce a tax-collection program.
c
The Battle of New Orleans in the War of 1812... (LT 4.3) a) resulted in one more American defeat. b) helped the United States to secure more favorable terms in the Treaty of Ghent. c) increased nationalism as British troops were defeated by Andrew Jackson's soldiers. d) allowed America to strengthen its demands for land in Canada.
c
The Battle of Saratoga was a key victory for the Americans because it (LT 3.9) a) prevented the colonial capital from being captured by the British. b) prevented the fighting from spreading into the southern colonies. c) brought the colonists much-needed aid and a formal alliance with France. d) brought the British to offer recognition of colonial independence.
a
The British colonists emerged from the French and Indian War with ... (LT 3.3) a) increased confidence in their own military strength b) increased respect for the seeming invincibility of British troops c) increased desire to establish positive relations with Native Americans d) increased sectionalism and inter-colonial rivalry
c
The Declaration of Independence did all of the following EXCEPT (LT 3.7) a) catalog the tyrannical actions of King George III. b) argue that royal tyranny justified revolt. c) offer the British one last chance at reconciliation. d) accuse the British of violating the natural rights of the Americans.
c
The Federal funding of projects like the Cumberland Road were most often opposed by... (LT 4.7) a) Northern Whigs b) Western Republicans c) Southern Democrats d) All of these groups
c
The Federalists (Source 1), written during the ratification debate, argued that it was... (LT 3.12) a) illegal to replace the Articles of Confederation with a new constitution b) inevitable that slavery would be abolished in the new republic c) possible to extend a republican form of government over a large territory. d) impossible to safeguard the rights of the states from the power of a strong central government.
d
The Great Compromise and the 3/5 Compromise at the Constitutional Convention can be seen in this part of the Constitution as it worked out an acceptable scheme for (LT 3.12) a) levying taxes for raising a militia. b) electing the president. c) regulating interstate commerce. d) apportioning congressional representation.
a
The House of Representatives decided the 1824 presidential election when (LT 4.9) a) no candidate received a majority of the votes in the Electoral College b) John Quincy Adams proposed a "corrupt bargain" to the Supreme Court. c) Henry Clay, as Speaker of the House, made the request. d) widespread voter fraud was discovered.
d
The Proclamation of 1763... (LT 3.4) a) was warmly received by American land speculators. b) removed the Spanish and Indian menace from the colonial frontier. c) declared war on Chief Pontiac and his fierce warriors. d) prohibited colonial settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains.
a
The Salem Witch Trials... a) targeted mainly women and were based on speculation rather than proof b) were a result of Roger Williams' activities c) ended when they were condemned by the Catholic Church d) were a phenomenon unique to the English Colonies
d
The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions were responses to which policy under John Adams? a) Intolerable Acts b) Judiciary Act c) Naturalization Act d) Alien and Sedition Acts
b
The War of 1812 resulted in all the following EXCEPT: (LT 4.3) a) the end of the Federalist Party as a major force in US politics b) an increase in sectionalism immediately after the war as only the South's interests were reflected in the peace agreement c) a flourishing of American literature and art and a deepened sense of national identity d) the prospering of manufacturing in the North and a decreased reliance on the import of manufactured goods from abroad
a
The author of Source 2 most reflects which apprehension held by Anti-Federalists? (LT 3.12) a) the potential development of a tyrannical government b) the potential for the lower classes to exert excessive control over the government c) the potential for anarchy and unrest d) the potential emancipation of slaves
b
The colonial committees of correspondence organized by Samuel Adams (LT 3.6) a) promoted independent action in each colony to support the British. b) kept opposition to the British alive, through exchange of letters. c) served as a precursor to the United States Postal Service. d) led the Boston Massacre.
c
The concerns expressed by Washington were a response to which of the following developments? (LT 3.14) a) No nations attempted to sign commercial agreements with the United States. b) Federalists and Jeffersonian Republicans forced the president to agree to a policy of neutrality. c) Britain and France were at war with each other, and both threatened United States interests. d) The power of European empires in the Americas had already begun to decline.
c
The conflict described in the passage best reflects the ongoing debates about: (LT 4.2) a) The profitability of American industrialization. b) Whether to use force to implement national laws. c) The rightful scope of federal authority. d) The nature of adequate representation in the political system.
a
The cultivation of tobacco in Jamestown resulted in all of the following EXCEPT: (LT 2.4) a. the degradation of the soil. b. a great demand for controlled labor. c. soaring prosperity in the colony. d. diversification of the colony's economy.
b
The debate between the supporters and critics of the Articles of Confederation centered on how to... (LT 3.10) a) transfer territories to equal statehood. b) reconcile states' rights with a strong national government. c) balance the power of legislative and executive offices of government. d) abolish slavery yet preserve national unity.
a
The development that brought "corne" to the attention of botanists such as Gerard is best known as the (LT 1.1) a) Columbian Exchange b) encomienda system c) trans-Atlantic slave trade d) Enlightenment
a
The early years of Jamestown were mainly characterized by: a. Starvation, disease, and frequent Indian raids b. economic prosperity c. constant fear of Spanish invasion d. major technological advancement
b
The excerpt above is from the... (LT 2.8) a. Fundamental Orders b. Mayflower Compact c. Charter of the colony of Jamestown d. New England Confederation
a
The founder of Rhode Island, Roger Williams, was expelled from Puritan New England for... a) arguing in favor of separation of church and state b) opposing the granting of special privileges to the colonial elite c) advocating the abolition of slavery d) demanding daily attendance at worship
c
The government's response to the Whiskey Rebellion differed from its response to Shays' Rebellion because (LT 3.14) a) The Federal government imposed the punishment of hanging on traitors who led the Whiskey Rebellion b) The Federal government had to call on state militias during the Whiskey Rebellion c) The Federal government was more powerful and therefore able to subdue the Whiskey Rebellion d) The Federal government used the state-sponsored press to undermine the Whiskey Rebellion and decrease public support for the movement.
c
The institution known as encomienda allowed the... (LT 1.2) a) native people to enslave members of other tribes b) Europeans to marry Native Americans. c) European governments to grant Indians' labor to colonists if they promised to Christianize them. d) governments of Europe to abolish the practice of Indian slavery and to establish African slavery.
c
The main idea of the excerpt from the Declaration of Sentiments was that... (LT 4.12) a) there was a need to create a separate sphere for women and that men should have no access to it. b) women deserve special protection in the law such as a shorter workday. c) women and men were created equal and have the same inalienable rights. d) political rights, including the right to vote, should be extended to all male citizens.
c
The main purpose of the Alien and Sedition Acts was to (LT 3.15) a) capture French and British spies b) control the Federalists. c) silence and punish critics of the Federalists. d) keep Thomas Jefferson from becoming president.
b
The national debate over the Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798, as highlighted by James Madison's response, most directly reflects which of the following enduring controversies in United States history? (LT 3.15) a) Debates about the application of the Bill of Rights to the states b) Debates about the nature of balancing federal and state interests c) Debates about the role of the national government in the economy d) Debates about the nature of American involvement in foreign affairs
c
The only argument not put forward by the War Hawks as a justification for a declaration of war against Britain was that (LT 4.3) a) the British armed Indians and incited them to raid frontier settlements. b) British impressment policies were an affront to American nationalism. c) Britain's commercial restrictions had come close to destroying America's profitable New England shipping business. d) British Canada and Spanish Florida were attractive and easily obtainable prizes of war.
d
The policies stated in the above law can best be seen as an example of (LT 2.5) a. Enlightenment thinking. b. capitalism. c. communism. d. mercantilism
a
The purpose of Franklin's Join or Die cartoon was to (LT 3.2) a) show the need to attend the Albany Congress and unify the colonies. b) pressure Delaware and Georgia to join the Albany Congress. c) get colonists to understand why the American Revolution needed to be fought. d) persuade colonists to accept draft notices and fight in the French and Indian War.
a
The quote is most likely from a... (LT 3.8) a) Loyalist b) a Whig c) Patriot d) a member of the British government
c
The section of the United States most hurt by the Tariff of 1828 was (LT 4.7 & 4.9) a) New England. b) the West. c) the South. d) the middle states.
d
The spoils system under Andrew Jackson resulted in (LT 4.9) a) a shift toward the interests of the elites on the Atlantic seaboard. b) the replacement of insecurity by security in employment. c) the destruction of the personalized political machine. d) the appointment of many corrupt and incompetent officials to federal jobs.
a
The temperance movement rarely gained support from (LT 4.12) a) immigrant laborers b) Baptists c) women d) evangelicals
d
The utopian communities which arose in the 19th century can best be seen as a response to: (LT 4.13) a) the increase in slavery due to the cotton gin b) the growing nativist sentiments in northern cities c) the Enlightenment idea that all men are equal d) the poor working and living conditions
d
This colony offered religious toleration in the 1649 Act of Toleration and was a haven for Catholics. a. South Carolina b. Georgia c. Connecticut d. Maryland
c
This woman disguised herself as a man in 1782 and joined the Continental army. a) Molly Pitcher b) Abigail Adams c) Deborah Sampson d) Mary Wollstonecraft
a
Thomas Paine argued that all government officials... (LT 3.4) a) should derive their authority from popular consent. b) should be part of a "natural aristocracy." c) need not listen to the voice of the uneducated. d) were inherently corrupt.
a
To criticize the state of American politics in the 1840s, this excerpt refers most directly to which of the following a) the Declaration of Independence b) the US Constitution c) John Locke's Two Treatise on Government d) Rousseau's Social Contract
d
Ultimately, Paine's Common Sense was crucial in convincing many Americans to fight for... (LT 3.4) a) an alliance with the French against Britain. b) a federal constitution and bill of rights. c) a Constitution that created a strong federal government. d) an independent and republican America, separate from Britain.
a
Virginia and the Carolinas were similar in that they were both (LT 2.4) a. economically dependent on the production of a staple or cash crop. b. proprietary colonies. c. founded as refuges for persecuted religious sects in England. d. able to live in peace with the Native Americans.
d
Washington's Farewell Address ... (LT 3.14) a) warmly endorsed the appearance of two contending political parties in America. b) was delivered to a joint session of Congress by Washington himself. c) proposed a two-term limitation on the presidency. d) warned against the dangers of permanent foreign alliances.
b
What accounts most for the scant success of the above law in modifying English colonial trading behavior? (LT 2.5) a. Weak economic growth and the lack of external competition b. Decades of the British government's relative indifference to colonial governance c. The presence of slavery and growing colonial wars d. The rejection of Anglicanism in the colonies
a
What best describes the British policy of "salutary neglect?" (LT 2.5) a) it allowed the colonies to develop their own political institutions and trade relationships. b) it led the American colonies to seek independence from England. c) it led to much discontent in the colonies which wanted closer ties to England. d) it allowed colonies to elect representatives to send to Parliament
a
What best describes the experiences of the "factory girls" such as those who labored in Lowell Mill? (LT 14.10) a) women become wage earners for the first time, gaining a feeling of relative independence b) women were paid equally to men for doing the same jobs c) women were required by law to leave the workforce after having children, and factories would not hire married women d) women were regarded as the "weaker, fairer sex" so their work hours were significantly limited in comparison to men
a
What issue lay at the heart of the debate that was ultimately resolved by this agreement? (LT 4.6) a) The balance of free and slave states in the Senate b) The constitutionality of slavery c) The profitability of expanding slavery west of the Mississippi river d) The morality of slavery and contradictions with America's founding ideals
a
Which of the following had the most impact in shaping colonial resistance to the above law? (LT 2.8) a. Political thought shaped by the Enlightenment b. Conflicts with American Indian groups c. The growth of the African slave trade d. Colonial dedication to mercantilist policies
b
Which of the following most strongly influenced the development of the ideology expressed in this excerpt? (LT 3.4) a) The French Revolution b) The Enlightenment c) The Seven Years' War d) The Great Awakening
b
Which of the following motives for exploration does de las Casas seem to be criticizing most directly? (LT 1.2) a) Converting the natives to Christianity b) Personal financial gain c) National glory d) Intellectual curiosity
a
Which of the following motives for exploration is de las Casas most likely to think is the most justified? (LT 1.2) a) Converting the natives to Christianity b) Financial gain c) National glory d) Intellectual curiosity
b
Which of the following realities of the early nineteenth century best explains why the embargo created such a negative response in the United States? (LT 4.5) a) The acceleration of the trend toward national unity. b) The growth of the United States' involvement in the international market economy. c) Lack of trust in the ability of the nation's two-party system to solve problems politically. d) The outspoken efforts of the Supreme Court to oppose the expansion of central power.
c
Which of the following was the most dramatic effect of the Columbian exchange on the New World? (LT 1.1) a) A dramatic increase in European populations due to improved diets from the introduction of corn. b) Longer life expectancy for Native Americans due to the introduction of the horse as an improved mode of transportation. c) The destruction of up to 90 percent of the Native American population from diseases like smallpox. d) A decline in population and livelihood for Native Americans, brought on by the introduction of slave labor.
a
Which of the following were integral to American "Revolutionary" society? a) Equality b) Wealth c) Social status d) Land
c
Women became especially active in the social reforms stimulated by the Second Great Awakening because (LT 4.11) a) they refused to accept the idea that there was a special female role in society and shunned the "cult of domesticity." b) they were looking to obtain as much power as possible, capitalizing on the burgeoning women's rights movement. c) evangelical religion emphasized their spiritual dignity and religious social reform legitimized their activity outside the home. d) many of the leading preachers and evangelists were women.
d
"[The laws of our national government], when made in pursuance of the Constitution, form the supreme law of the land... Although, among the enumerated powers of Government, we do not find the word "bank" or "incorporation," we find the great powers, to lay and collect taxes; to borrow money; to regulate commerce; to declare and conduct a war; and to raise and support armies and navies. ... it may with great reason be contended that a Government entrusted with such ample powers, ... must also be entrusted with ample means for their execution. ...The power to tax involves the power to destroy [therefore, such a tax]... on the operations of the [national] bank... must be unconstitutional." 11. Which of the following groups would be most likely to support the perspective offered by Chief Justice Marshall in the opinion? (LT 4.1 & 4.3) a) Members of the Democratic-Republican Party (of Thomas Jefferson) b) Members of the Democratic Party (of Andrew Jackson) c) Members of the Radical Republican Party (of Thaddeus Stevens) d) Members of the Federalist Party (of Alexander Hamilton)
d
"[The laws of our national government], when made in pursuance of the Constitution, form the supreme law of the land... Although, among the enumerated powers of Government, we do not find the word "bank" or "incorporation," we find the great powers, to lay and collect taxes; to borrow money; to regulate commerce; to declare and conduct a war; and to raise and support armies and navies. ... it may with great reason be contended that a Government entrusted with such ample powers, ... must also be entrusted with ample means for their execution. ...The power to tax involves the power to destroy [therefore, such a tax]... on the operations of the [national] bank... must be unconstitutional." Which of the following best explains the ideology used by Marshall in this decision? (LT 4.3) a) Preservation of states' rights in the face of growing federal government is the most important end of the Court b) A narrow interpretation of the Constitution is necessary to protect liberty and avoid the tyranny of the national government c) Federal power must be expanded into every possible outlet in order to build up the prestige of the nation d) Created by the people through the Constitution, the federal government must be able to exercise its power to maintain the nation
d
10. The British Parliament passed the Stamp Act to (LT 3.4) a) punish the American colonists. b) reduce the number of printed documents in America. c) raise taxes to a higher level than in Britain. d) raise money to support new military forces needed for colonial defense.
