Archaeology
True
An alternative to the ice-free corridor route into North America is a coastal migration route.
Abu Hureya
At the Natufian site of _____ in Syria, flotation has recovered many burned seeds that indicate the inhabitants were collecting a wide variety of plants.
False
Clovis culture is the earliest evidence of human occupation in Australia
Pedra Pintada
Discoveries at _____ demonstrate that people were living in the Brazilian rain forest at the same time as the Clovis culture in North America.
False
Early modern humans were able to cross over to Australia on the Wallacea land bridge between 53,000 and 60,000 years ago.
False
Excavation of the bison kill at the Olsen-Chubbock site provided conclusive proof that humans were responsible for the extinction of the Pleistocene megafauna.
True
Excavation profiles can be represented schematically by using the Harris Matrix.
False
Homo floresiensis is the first hominin species to appear in China.
False
Kennewick Man, found in Washington state, is a 40,000-year-old skeleton that bolsters the Early Arrival hypothesis.
plastered skulls
Of the many ritual objects hidden away at Early Neolithic sites, perhaps the most striking are _______.
Homo sapiens
The initial hominin occupation of Austrlia and the Americas was by which species?
Beringia
The land bridge that connected Asia and North America during periods of low sea level is called _____.
Ngandong, Java
The most recent known Homo erectus fossil is from what site?
Homo floresiensis
This controversial tiny hominin was discovered on an island northwest of Australia and dates to between 46,000 to 27,000 years ago.
the humboldt current
________ accounts for the remarkable wealth of marine resources along the andean coast
the humboldt current
________ accounts for the remarkable wealth of marine resources along the andean coast.
alpaca
a(n) ______ is a domesticated camelid
dogs
although the natufians did not appear to domesticate herd animals, there is evidence that they did domesticate _______.
false
el nino is a severe reversal of the humboldt current which has been brought about by recent industrial development resulting in a degraded environment.
hopewell
elaborate burial mounds found in ohio dating to the woodland period can be related to the ________ culture.
true
excavation profiles can be represented schematically by using the harris matrix
yams
genetic research indicates that this plant species was domesticated in new guinea
false
guila naquitz is an early agricultural site in arizona with canal-irrigated fields.
true
on the andean coast, settled villages preceeded the adoption of agriculture
false
pastoral societies are sedentary societies with an economy based on horticulture
true
prior to 5,000 years ago, the sahara desert has more rainfall and was extensively occupied
false
the adena and hopewell were periods of intensive mound building in the oaxaca valley
true
the characteristic tools of the natufian are tiny crescent-shaped stones called lunates
pre-pottery neolithic A
the early neolithic includes the period _______.
true
the humboldt current accounts for the remarkable wealth of marine resources along the andean coast
jericho
the most spectacular example of pre-pottery neolithic A construction is the 9-meter-high structure at _______.
false
the mounds in the ohio river valley were built by a lost race known as the moundbuilders
false
the mounds in the ohio river valley were built by a lost race known as the moundbuilders.
false
the neolithic revolution refers to the subsistence strategy known as broad spectrum foraging.
uan afuda
the spectacular preservation at this preagricultural site in the sahara produced many organic items, including a layer of preserved animal dung
false
the younger dryas was a global climatic event that is often characterized as prehistoric global warming.
poverty point
this late archaic site in louisiana is characterized by a series of six concentric mounds.
teosinte
this wild grass found in the mexican highlands is the ancestor of maize
it is a ribbon of mediterranean climate that arcs across the middle east
which of the following descriptions best characterizes the fertile crescent?
4,300 years ago
AMS dates of beans at guitarrero cave indicate that they were domesticated ______
4,300 years ago
AMS dates of beans at guitarrero cave indicate that they were domesticated _______
4,300 years ago
AMS dates of beans at guitarrero cave indicate that they were domesticated ________.
true
AMS radiocarbon dating makes it possible to date very small samples
true
AMS radiocarbon dating makes it possible to date very small samples.
Abu Hureya
At the Natufian site of _______ in Syria, flotaion has recovered many burned seeds that indicate the inhabitants were collecting a wide variety of plants.
False
At the end of the Early Neolithic, there was a sharp rise in the number and size of villages in the Middle East.
False
At the end of the Early Neolithic, there was a sharp rise in the number and size of villages in the Middle east.
False
Clovis culture is the earliest evidence of human occupation in Australia.
Olsen-chubbock
Excavations at the ____ site revealed evidence of a mass bison kill.
Olsen-Chubbock
Excavations at the _____ site revealed evidence of a mass bison kill.
Olsen-Chubbock
Excavations at the ______ site revealed evidence of a mass bison kill.
a center flute
Folsom points can be recognized by what distinctive feature?
False
Folsom points have a flute or channel down the middle to allow blood from the wounded animal to drain efficiently.
False
Folsom points have a flute or channel down to the middle to allow blood from the wounded animal to drain efficiently.
Mega fauna
Large mammals that lived during the Pleistocene are collectively known as ______.
the original affluent society
Marshall Sahlins described hunter-gatherers as ______.
False
Monte Verde is the ealiest known site in Australia
False
Monte Verde is the earliest known site in Australia
False
Ohalo is a Natufian dry cave site that yielded rare examples of preserved textiles.
False
On domesticated plants, the rachis is selected to be brittle so that it can be more easily harvested.
rachis
One characteristic of domesticated plants is tough ______, which holds the seed to the stalk until harvested.
Late Neolithic
Pottery manufacture developed across the Middle East during the _____ period.
Gunbilngmurrung
The Australian rock art site at ____ contains a 4,000-year-old beeswax depiction of a turtle.
Gunbilngmurrung
The Australian rock art site at ______ contains a 4,000-year-old beeswax depiction of a turtle.
Pre-Pottery Neolithic A
The Early Neolithic includes the period _______.
True
The Jericho tower is the earliest known large-scale piece of architecture in the Middle East.
False
The Natufian was the period where plants and animals were finally domesticated.
True
The Nenana culture is the earliest culture in Beringia
True
The Nenana culture is the earliest in Beringia
False
The Neolithic Revolution refers to the subsitence strategy known as broad spectrum foraging.
False
The North American mega fauna were driven to extinction after an asteroid struck the earth approximately 13,000 years ago.
True
The Wallace Line separates the prehistoric landmasses known as Sunda and Sahul
True
The Wallace Line separates the prehistoric landmasses known as Sunda and Sahul.
False
The Younger Dryas was a global climatic event that is often characterized as prehistoric global warming.
Solutrean
The _____ hypothesis argues that the origin of the Clovis culture lies in the European Upper Paleolithic.
True
The characteristic tools of the Natufian are tiny crescent-shaped stones called lunates.
Clovis culture
The earliest agreed upon evidence of human occupation in North America is called the _____.
Clovis culture
The earliest agreed upon evidence of human occupation in North America is called the ______.
Nenana
The earliest culture in Beringia, dated to 14,000 to 12,800, is called the _____ culture.
Linear Band Kermik
The earliest farmers in Central and Western Europe are known as the ______ culture.
False
The first true agriculture in the Middle East developed during the Kebaran period
Ngandong, Java
The most recent known home erectus fossil is from what site?
Jericho
The most spectacular example of Pre-Pottery Neolithic A construction is the 9-meter-high structure at ______.
False
The natufians did not domesticate herd animals, but there is evidence that they domesticated cats.
True
The nenana culture is the earliest culture in Beringia.
False
The ratio of Carbon-14 to nonradioactive carbon is a global constant.
Monte Verde, Chile
The site that poses the most serious threat to the Clovis First hypothesis is _____.
Monte Verde, Chile
The site that poses the most serious threat to the Clovis First hypothesis is ______.
False
The solutrean hypothesis argues that human migration from the Americas was responsible for the Solutrean culture of the Upper Paleolithic of Western Europe.
Younger Dryas
Toward the end of the Natufian there was a reduction in the number and size of sites. This reduction has been correlated with the ______, a global climatic event known as the Little Ice Age.
the Neolithic Revolution
V. Gordon Childe defined the transition to agriculture as ______.
the neolithic revolution
V. gordon childe defined the transition to agriculture as ______.
the Wallace Line
What is the boundary that separates Sunda and Sahul called?
Nauwalabila I
Where is the earliest evidence for human occupation of Australia found?
through the ice-free corridor
Which migration has been proposed for entry of humans into the Americas?
through the ice-free corridor
Which migration route has been proposed for entry of humans into the Americas?
Meadowcroft
Which of the following is a pre-clovis site?
Meadowcroft Rockshelter, Pennsylvania
Which of the following is a pre-clovis site?
The skeleton is more than 9,000 years old
Which of the following statements is true concerning the skeleton found in Kennewick, Washington?
Clovis First
Which of these is a model for the human occupation of the Americas?
wheat
Which of these plants was domesticated during the Pre-pottery Neolithic B?
the humboldt current
______ accounts for the remarkable wealth of marine resources along the andean coast
community
______ is a component of the study of agriculture.
Fire-stick farming
______ refers to the use of controlled burning to improve hunting conditions.
the humboldt current
_______ accounts for the remarkable wealth of marine resources along the andean coast
llomas
_______ are patches nurtured by mist from coastal fog in which dense vegetation grows.
llomas
_______ are patches nutured by mist from coastal fog in which dense vegetation grows.
community
_______ is a component of the study of agriculture.
paloma
_______ is a preagricultural village on the coast of peru, which provides a vivid demonstration of the importance of marine resources to early village communities.
el nino
_______ refers to an ecological event causing a massive decline in marine resources along the andean coast
jomon
_______ was a japanese preagricultural society that lived in large villages and produced elaborate pottery
llomas
________ are patches nurtured by mist from coastal fog in which dense vegetation grows.
optimal foraging theory
________ is based on the assumption that humans act on the basis of rational self-interest in collecting resources.
alpaca
a(n) _______ is a domesticated camelid
alpaca
a(n) _________ is a domesticated camlid
vacant center pattern
according to this model, the hopewell culture earthworks served as the symbolic and ceremonial core of a dispersed settlement pattern.
quinoa
andean indigenous domesticates include ______
quinoa
andean indigenous domesticates include _______
isotope analysis
archaeologists have used _____ on skeletal material to determine the role of maize in the diet
true
at both shabik eschee village and the SU site, unusual structures were found that appear to have played a communal function.
true
at bother shabik eschee village and the SU site, unusual structures were found that appear to have played a communal function.
false
at the end of the early neolithic, there was a sharp rise in the number and size of villages in the middle east.
false
bruce smith views domestication as the result of intentional actions of individuals, most likely shaman.
false
cero juanaquena has produced the earliest evidence of domesticated plants in the americas
false
cerro juanaquena has produced the earliest evidence of domesticated plants in the americas
water buffalo
domesticates in the yangtze and huai river valleys in southern china include ______
water buffalo
domesticates in the yangtze and huai river valleys in southern china include ________
false
domestication refers to changes in plants and animals that allow them to survive better in the wild.
increased population size
ester boserup suggested that ________ might be the cause of the shift to agriculture.
guila naquitz
excavations at ______ have produce the earliest known evidence of domesticated plants in the americas.
guila naquitz
excavations at ______ have produced the earliest evidence of domesticated plants in the americas
true
in africa, pastoral societies based on domesticated animals developed without plant domestication
false
in central africa, two critical cereals quinoa and sorghum were domesticated
false
in central africa, two critical cereals quinoa and sorghum were domesticated.
false
in new guinea, domestication focused on herd animals
false
in new guinea, domestication focused on herd animals.
ethiopia and eritrea in the northeast
indigenously domesticated plants are found in this region of africa
true
isotope analysis of bone chemistry can determine the role of maize in diet
true
isotope analysis of bone chemistry can determine the role of maize in the diet
false
like the mounds, hopewell domestic settlements are numerous and are easily found by archaeologists
false
like the mounds, hopewell domestic settlements are numerous and are easily found by archaeologists.
false
llamas and alpacas were domesticated in the lowland tropical forest region east of the andes
the original affluent society
marshall sahlins described hunter-gatherers as _______.
true
millet, not rice, was the main early domesticate in northern china around the yellow river valley
false
ohalo is a natufian dry cave site that yielded rare examples of preserved textiles.
false
on domesticated plants, the rachis is selected to be brittle so that it can be more easily harvested.
true
on the andean coast, settled villages preceded the adoption of agriculture
rachis
one characteristic of domesticated plants is a tough ______, which holds the seed to the stalk until harvested.
nabta playa
one of the most complete pictures of a hunter-gatherer village in north africa comes from the north african site of _______
nabta playa
one of the most complete pictures of a hunter-gatherer village in north africa comes from the north african site of ________.
coprolites
one source of evidence of the diet of past cultures is the study of fecal remains, also known as _______.
coprolites
one source of evidence of the diet of past cultures is the study of fecal remains, also known as ________.
false
optimal foraging theory is based on the assumption that choices people make reflect altruistic impulses to benefit others.
false
pastoral societies are sedentary with an economy based on horticulture
herding
pastoral societies have an economy based on ______
herding
pastoral societies have an economy based on ______.
herding
pastoral societies have an economy based on ________
false
phytoliths are a type of pollen best preserved in freshwater lakes and ponds
late neolithic
pottery manufacture developed across the middle east during the ______ period.
false
poverty point is a mound site built by the adena culture
false
poverty point is a mound site built by the adena culture.
true
prior to 5,000 years ago, the sahara desert has more rainfall and was extensively occupied.
true
shell middens are sites built up of discarded shells
true
shell middens are sites built up of discarded shells.
phytoliths
silica structures that build up along plant cell walls are called ______
phytoliths
silica structures that build up along plant cell walls are called _______
phytoliths
silica structures that built up along plant cell walls are called _______
false
sweet potatoes and pigs were both domesticated indigenously in new guinea
false
teosinte, found in the highlands of mexico, is the wild ancestor of squash.
false
teosinte, founf in the highlands of mexico, is the wild ancestor of squash.
language dispersal hypothesis
the _____ links the expansion of farmers into europe with the spread of the indo-european language family.
kebaran
the _____ period is characterized by hunter-gatherers subsisting on a broad range of plants and animals.
language dispersal hypothesis
the ______ links the expansion of farmers into europe with the spread of the indo-european language family.
false
the burial at the geometric kebaran site of wadi mataha indicates that this was a peaceful time with well-understood rituals.
true
the characteristic tools of the natufian are tiny crescent-shaped stones called lunates.
stalling island
the earliest crude ceramic vessels first appeared in eastern north america in the _______ culture.
stalling island
the earliest crude ceramic vessels first appearing in eastern north america in the _____ culture.
squash
the earliest domesticated plant in the americas is ______, which dates to between 10,000 and 8,300 years ago.
false
the earliest farming communities in the middle east are called linear band keramik (LBK)
false
the impact of the adoption of agriculture on societies in mexico, the southwest, and eastern united states was remarkably similar across time and space.
true
the jericho tower is the earliest known large-scale piece of architecture in the middle east.
false
the jomon were a japanese agricultural society with elaborate pottery
false
the jomon were a japanese agricultural society with elaborate pottery.
false
the kuk swamp site in highland new guinea has produced early evidence of llama herding
yangshou
the large chinese village site of banpo belongs to the ________ culture
yangshou
the large chinese village site of banpo belongs to the ________culture
Catalhoyuk
the late neolithic site of _____ in central turkey includes rooms decorated with frescoes and bulls horns.
jericho
the most spectacular example of pre-pottery neolithic A construction is the 9-meter-high structure at ______.
false
the pacific coastal region of the andes is tropical forest environment with abundant rainfall.
uan afuda
the spectacular preservation at this preagricultural site in the sahara produced many organic items, including a layer of preserved animal dung.
uan afuda
the spectacular preservation at this preagricultural site in the sahara produced many organic items, including a layer of preserved anumal dung
true
the widespread introduction of pottery into the southwest happened at the beginning of the formative period
formative
the widespread use of pottery in the american southwest around 1,800 years ago marks the beginning of what period
formative
the widespread use of pottery in the american southwest around 1,800 years ago marks the beginning of what period?
poverty point
this late archaic site in louisianna is characterized by a series of six concentric mounds.
poverty point
this late archaic site in lousianna is characterized by a series of six concentric mounds.
teosinte
this wild grass founf in the mexican highlands is the ancestor of maize.
maize
though early and middle woodland subsistence was based heavily on cultivated plants, _______ is rare and does not appear to have played a major role in the woodland diet.
cotton preceramic
what andean period corresponds with the appearance of monumental architecture adn the absence of pottery?
cotton preceramic
what andean period corresponds with the appearance of monumental architecture and the absence of pottery?
rice and millet
what are the most significant plants domesticated in east asia
rice and millet
what are the most significant plants domesticated in east asia?
rice and millet
what are the most significat plants domesticated in east asia?
cerro juanaquena
what early agricultural site has over eight kilometers of stone terrace walls?
the ancient field system (canals and mounds)
what evidence for agriculture was found at the kuk swamp site in new guinea?
mallaha
what natufian village sire in northern israel has allowed archaeologists to tentatively reconstruct a large structure?
accelerator mass spectometry
what refinement of radiocarbon dating makes it possible to date very small samples?
millet
what was the earliest domesticated crop in africa?
after the woodland period
when does maize become a major component of the diet in eastern north america?
las capas
which of the following sites used canal to irrigate their fields?
las capas
which of the following sites used canals to irrigate their fields?
squash
which of these is an early domesticated plant in mesoamerica
squash
which of these is an early domesticated plant in mesoamerica?
wheat
which of these plants was domesticated during the pre-pottery neolithic B?
it was the focal point of feasting events, servicing the local region
which of these statements best applies hayden's model to the function of poverty point?
turkeys
which of these was the only animal domesticated in mesoamerica?
turkeys
which of these was the only animals domesticated in mesoamerica?
squash
which of theseis an early domesticated plant in mesoamerica