ARGD3070 Test 1
The title "graphic designer" is often credited to: W.A. Dwiggins Paul Rand Vladimir Mayakovsky Johannes Gutenberg
W.A. Dwiggins
Using Coogan's essay, put the Memphis style cycle in correct order: - Ettore Sottsass breaks with modernist style in the 1970s - Memphis' fetishized "rebirth"-when Christian Dior used it in a runway show - Mass market appeal in the 1980s, from the apartments of David Bowie and Karl Lagerfield to "Saved by the Bell" - Camille Walala's design work - Incorporation of style with Macintosh 8-bit aesthetics by April Greiman and others in the early 1980s
__1__Ettore Sottsass breaks with modernist style in the 1970s __2__Incorporation of style with Macintosh 8-bit aesthetics by April Greiman and others in the early 1980s __3__Mass market appeal in the 1980s, from the apartments of David Bowie and Karl Lagerfield to "Saved by the Bell" __4__Memphis' fetishized "rebirth"-when Christian Dior used it in a runway show __5__Camille Walala's design work
The Nuremberg Chronicle is best described as: a collection of Greco-Roman mythological stories with illustrations. an anthology of literature from German Renaissance writers. an account of Christopher Columbus' travels in the 1490s. a history of the world as understood from a 15th-century, German perspective.
a history of the world as understood from a 15th-century, German perspective.
Which of the following best describes the yellowback? Cheap books made in the nineteenth century that ranged from popular fiction to educational texts Books designed to capture a consumer's attention that featured block-printed covers and advertisements on the back Printed books made from about 1855 to 1870 that were sold in railway bookstalls All of these
all of these
William Morris' influences typographic included: Fifteenth-century type Medieval letterforms All of these Roman type, especially Nicholas Jenson
all of these
One aspect of Victorian visual culture was a tendency to use ________________, which often appear in densely composed typographic posters. unchanging lines of text that use a single typeface photorealism little or no ornamentation complex visual solutions
complex visual slutions
Scottish designers J. Herbert McNair, Margaret McDonald, and Frances McDonald created a poster for The Glasgow Institute of the Fine Arts (1898, 8.8a) that is emblematic of and Arts-and-Crafts-influenced Glasgow style. How does this style demonstrate a shift away from British Arts and Crafts? Its designers embrace fine materials and advocate good design. It's more organic (inspired by nature). It's more geometric. It's influenced by Medieval art.
its more geometric
Author Sarah McCoy argues that colonial women printers in the United States. were usually unmarried women who had no family responsibilities. juggled complcated lives in which they managed a small business, raising a family, and contributed to shaping their community. worked until they were married; after marriage they were unable to be involved in the business of prinitng. There is no evidence of women printers in the colonial era.
juggled complicated lives in which they managed a small business, raising a family, and contributed to shaping their community.
Dada artists and other Modernists of the early twentieth century often used fragments of photographs that were combined to make a new image. This technique is called: chromolithography photomontage halftone montage
photomontage
Sentimentality and nostalgia are considered characteristics of Victorian visual culture. True False
true
From Jules Cheret's "Cherettes" to Alphonse Mucha's adds for Job cigarettes, __________ were increasingly used in association with objects and experiences commodified in works of design in the late 19th century. literary characters men children women
women
Which of the following methods was used most for poster production in the mid-19th century? Wood type Relief Intaglio Xylographic
wood type
Place the following steps of early modern type production in the correct order. - carving punches - printing - casting and cleaning letters - making matrices
(1) carving punches (2) making matrices (3) casting and cleaning letters (4) printing
Select the two that apply best: John Baskerville designed a transitional typeface that had which of the following characteristics? - letters with unbracketed serifs - increased contrast between thick and thin strokes - flowery ornaments called fleurons - sans serif letters
- letters with unbracketed serifs - increased contrast between thick and thin strokes
The _______________ refers to a the depiction of an illusionistic environment from a fixed point of view. It is a logical and formal system characteristic of Renaissance art and design. It is evident in images like Durer's Draftsman Drawing a Reclining Nude (1523), which shows a man using a grid to compose a drawing. A. rationalization of space B. blackletter C. xylographic D. intuitive perspective
A. rationalization of space
Texts changed in late antiquity. The move from the ______________ to the ________________is an important aspect of Medieval graphic communication and allowed for information to be accessed differently. A. scroll; codex B. codex; scroll
A. scroll; codex
Which of the following is not true regarding designer Lucian Bernhard? Bernhard achieved early success with an add for Priester matches with a design that featured only the product, large text, and a flat background. Bernhard used a style associated with Pictorial Modernism in his propaganda posters made for Germany in World War I. At the outset of World War I, Berhard abandoned his Pictorial Modernist style for a more traditional and representational style that resembled poster design in the U.S. and England. Bernhard used Blackletter and Medieval-inspired imagery for his propaganda posters in World War I.
At the outset of World War I, Berhard abandoned his Pictorial Modernist style for a more traditional and representational style that resembled poster design in the U.S. and England.
In the Middle Ages, the Lindisfarne Monastery in Northumbria, England, was: A. A place for manuscript production. B. All of these are true. C. A place where manuscripts were collected. D. A center of scholarship.
B. All of these are true.
In his definition of graphic design, Frascara argues that we should: A. Think of graphic design as part of art history; it does not warrant its own field. B. Pay more attention to the effectiveness of design (as opposed to the merit of aesthetics alone). C. All of these. D. Only look at the way a design looks-its effectiveness is secondary.
B. Pay more attention to the effectiveness of design (as opposed to the merit of aesthetics alone).
Which of the following describes the popularity of Baskerville's typefaces? A. They have been in continuous use since the 19th century. B. They were rediscovered in 1919 and became popular again in the 20th century. C. They fell out of favor in the 18th century and have not been used since his death in 1797. D. They gained popularity in digital design in the early 2000s.
B. They were rediscovered in 1919 and became popular again in the 20th century.
Helping to change the brand's identity, Mucha designed posters for the Lefèvre Utile cookie company. As described by Lippert, these posters featured: A. Non-objective design with that made reference to the product, Lefèvre Utile's cookies. B. a "celebrity endorsement" from Sarah Bernhardt in which she is quoted saying, "Je ne trouve rien de meilleur qu'un petit Lu, oh si deux petits Lu" ("I don't know of anything better than a Petit LU except two Petit LU"). C. Anonymous women associated with the Belle Epoque in Paris. D. A nostalgic depiction of a school boy from an upper-middle class home.
B. a "celebrity endorsement" from Sarah Bernhardt in which she is quoted saying, "Je ne trouve rien de meilleur qu'un petit Lu, oh si deux petits Lu" ("I don't know of anything better than a Petit LU except two Petit LU").
Which of the following best describes the Limbourg Brothers' Belles Heures (Belles Heures of Jean de Berry)? A. A section of the Christian Bible that contains the first four chapters of the New Testament. B. A mass-produced book that translated Christian Biblical stories into easy-to-understand pictures. C. A richly decorated book made to accompany private worship commissioned by a French aristocrat. D. An instructional book made to be used by clergy for guiding many worshippers.
C. A richly decorated book made to accompany private worship commissioned by a French aristocrat.
What is Gutenberg's contribution to book production? A. He invents the paper which replaces vellum. B. He makes book production faster by inventing the world's first relief printmaking process. C. He makes book production faster by inventing modular type using a mold and a metal alloy that melts at lower temperatures. D. He makes book production faster by using the quill and ink to speed up writing time.
C. He makes book production faster by inventing modular type using a mold and a metal alloy that melts at lower temperatures.
Like most manuscripts of the early Middle Ages, the Book of Kells was made using which of the following materials? A. A thin paper that was rolled into a scroll B. A handmade paper made of plant fibers C. Cheap, mass-produced paper D. Parchment or vellum made of calfskin
D. Parchment or vellum made of calfskin
"Incunabula" refers to: A. books made by scribes after the invention of the printing press. B. books made in the 19th century using Gutenberg's earlier technology. C. a type of printing press. D. book production after Gutenberg from 1450-1501.
D. book production after Gutenberg from 1450-1501.
The frontispiece (opening image) for Morris' book, A Note by William Morris on his Aims in Founding the Kelmscott Press, was designed by: Emery Walker John Ruskin S.C. Cockerell Edward Burne-Jones
Edward Burne-Jones
Colonial-era printer _________ was the first woman believed to have been involved in printing in the United States. Elizabeth Glover Elizabeth Timothy Ann Smith Franklin Dinah Nuthead
Elizabeth Glover
According to author Sarah McCoy, who was the first woman in the colonial America to own and publish a newspaper? She was a friend and associate of Benjamin Franklin who helped shape attitudes about religion and politics. Elizabeth Timothy Ann Smith Franklin Dinah Nuthead Clementina Rind
Elizabeth Timothy
In Western Medieval books, carpet pages were pages consisting only of dense text. True False
False
In ancient Greek writing, text that follows a boustrophedon format is always read from left to right. True False
False
According to Meggs, a "farsighted view" of graphic design history is a perspective that sees graphic design history as a beginning with the industrial revolution. True False
False Meggs claimed that the "short-sighted view" of graphic design history began relatively recently with the industrial revolution while "farsighted view" dates back to early human visual communications
Who wrote the 1909 Futurist Manifesto? Fortunato Depero Guillaume Apollonaire Filippo Marinetti Georges Braque
Filippo Marinetti
Which of the following artists is most associated with Cubism? Marcel Duchamp Georges Braque Henri Matisse Filippo Marinetti
Georges Braque
Which of the following was most inspirational to Owen Jones' the Grammar of Ornament (1856)? Ibero-Islamic design (such as the Alhambra in Spain) Romantic painting and sculpture from Western Europe Greek classical sculpture French Impressionism
Ibero-Islamic design (such as the Alhambra in Spain)
Which of the following is an advantage of lithography? Though it's slow, it can create more accurate images than older intaglio and relief methods. It uses stencils and screen to create complex surface designs. It's faster than older intaglio and relief methods. It's more naturalistic than early photography.
It's faster than older intaglio and relief methods.
In her analysis of the Constructivist style cycle, Coogan claims that, "__________ consciously hopscotched the Great Wheel of Style, landing squarely back at the cradle of good design." Memphis Studio Number One Vladimir Mayakovsky Camille Walala
Studio Number One
According to Jillian Kruse, by the 1890s posters were valued as works of art. All of the following support this in Kruse's article "Postermania" EXCEPT: The French government sponsored artists to make public health and wellness campaigns. Periodicals about posters were published with collectable prints. Articles about posters appeared in popular magazines. Posters were collected and displayed in homes.
The French government sponsored artists to make public health and wellness campaigns.
Medieval illuminated manuscripts reveal the influence of metalwork, such as fibula or brooches that had intricate designs. True False
True
The Codex Amiatinus is the oldest extant complete Latin Bible. True False
True
The Greek alphabet was influenced by the Phoenician alphabet. True False
True
The colophon is an inscription that placed at the end of a text. True False
True
The printing press is a modified invention. Presses, such as wine presses, were used prior to Gutenberg's invention of modular type. True False
True
The first sans serif typeface is usually attributed to: Jules Cheret Nicholas Jenson W.A. Dwiggins William Caslon IV
William Caslon IV
Which of the following best describes the Linotype machine? a machine that casts single letters that can be arranged in multiple configurations to make books and other print media an early digital printing device a press used for lithography a machine that casts single lines of type that became popular for printing newspapers, magazines, and other print media
a machine that casts single lines of type that became popular for printing newspapers, magazines, and other print media
One of the Linotype machine's competitors was the Unitype machine. Which of the following best defines the Unitype machine? A machine that organized type to help a typesetter A machine that replaced the press A machine that casts lines of type A machine that mechanically sets type
a machine that mechanically sets type
As discussed by Ellen Lupton and Jodi Hauptman, John Heartfield's 1928 poster The Hand Has Five Fingers (5 Finger hat die Hand) (Poster for the German Communist Party) inspired: *For image, see: https://www.moma.org/collection/works/217687 a popular political gesture used to suggest resistance. a Fascist symbol used in Germany and Italy. a new style of Futurist typography called "words in liberty." wartime posters in Germany that supported the rise of Hitler.
a popular political gesture used to suggest resistance.
As design historian Steven Heller points out, Thomas Heine's Simplicissimus influenced many works of design that radically change its associations and depart from its original subversive meaning. These include: Red Dog beer in the 1990s. an election poster for Adolf Hitler. Mack Trucks. All of these.
all of these
Brands like Coca-Cola and Campbell's soup have brand identities that date to the late 19th century when: all of these the advertising industry experienced growth the U.S. government began to regulate patents and trademarks large companies produced food, in many instances replacing small local merchants
all of these
Toulouse-Lautrec's 1983 poster advertising Jane Avril is innovative due to formal tactics such as: The extreme cropping of the instruments in the orchestra pit. Bold black outlines. All of these. The unusual point of view.
all of these
Which of the following accounts for the development of Cubism? All of these. New, "non-Newtonian" ideas about reality from thinkers such as Einstein. The influence of Post-Impressionists like Cézanne. A rejection of expressionistic tendencies in art.
all of these
In graphic design history, Dada is most associated with: Italian Fascism and an embrace of speed, technology, and warfare. an anti-war, anti-Fascist group that embraced new techniques such as photomontage to create absurdist, satirical, and politicized works of design. purely formalist theories of art that put emphasis on style over content (or meaning). radical Soviet-era design that used extreme abstraction to express modernity.
an anti-war, anti-Fascist group that embraced new techniques such as photomontage to create absurdist, satirical, and politicized works of design.
Lithography was invented: in the late 19th century during the incunabula period in the early 20th century at the end of the 18th century
at the end of the 18th century
In the essay "Note by William Morris on his Aims in Founding the Kelmscott Press," Morris claims that he began printing so that he could make books that are: Ahistorical--that is, unrelated to past design movements. Beautiful and easy to read. Complex, even if it made the text difficult to read. Modern and printed with san-serif text.
beautiful and easy to read
The __________ manuscript hand is heavy and angular. It inspired German typefaces in Gutenberg's era and became associated with German identity. blackletter Roman Latin humanist
blackletter
Angel De Cora (Hinook-Mahiwi-Kalinaka) contributed letterforms and designs to American ethnomusicologist Natalie Curtis's The Indians' Book (1907). These included: A. Pictorial elements incorporated into stylized letters (such as letters with crescents based on buffalo horns in the Plains's title page) B. None of these C. Both of these D. Researched motifs unique to each tribe (such as a motif based on beadwork from a garter or armband on the Winnebago title page)
both of these
Creating a new kind of job for artists and designers in industry, Peter Behrens work for AEG is often associated with: the event of corporate branding to distinguish similar goods from one another. Both of these. a new period of capitalism in the West. None of these.
both of these
Which of the following refers to a sans serif letterforms? Grotesque Both of these Gothic None of these
both of these
___________ were single-page notices or announcements that became popular in the 17th and 18th centuries. Broadsides Private presses Magazines Frontispieces
broadsides
In "Beat the Whites with the Red Wedge" (1919), El Lissitzky used abstract geometric forms to represent: two opposing brands of popular cocoa. spiritual themes, showing the influence of Kazimir Malevich. communist revolutionary forces and aristocratic, counter-revolutionaries in conflict. a popular theatrical production.
communist revolutionary forces and aristocratic, counter-revolutionaries in conflict.
In the "Bifolium from the (Andalusian) Pink Qur'an," freehand calligraphy contrasts with smaller and more precise_____________, which help with pronunciation. Pictures Numbers Diacritical marks Latin letterforms
diacritical marks
Ver Sacrum, which translates to "Sacred Spring" was a magazine associated with the Vienna Secession and aimed to: bring Victorian style and its emphasis on complexity to audiences in Vienna. create a design language for royal and upper-class Viennese society. revive historical styles. dispense with hierarchies of high (or "fine") and low art as it advocated for both progressive politics and design.
dispense with hierarchies of high (or "fine") and low art as it advocated for both progressive politics and design.
Aubrey Beardsley's designs adhered to Victorian morals and displayed themes of nostalgia and sentimentality. True False
false
Since it was primarily associated with painting, Cubism had little or no effect on design in the early 20th century. True False
false
The Futurist Manifesto was a call for artists and designers to return to traditional style by reviving the classical tradition of ancient Rome. True False
false
The Nuremberg Chronicle uses a standard page layout so that images and text are the arranged in the same way on each page. True False
false
The lives of women were unaffected by economic and social change in the 19th century. As such, they did not play a role in graphic design of the era. True False
false
Though they lacked technical skills, jobbing printers in the 19th century often had extensive formal training in the arts. True False
false
The _____________ process used small dots to replicate the tonality of photographs. It enabled photographic images to be printed for mass media. pixel albumen print halftone daguerrotype
halftone
The "Bifolium from the (Andalusian) Pink Qur'an" is made from _________, which was relatively new to Spain and Europe. Indeed, this paper first appeared in Spain in the 11th century. Leather Metal Paper Vellum
paper
Working in the 1890s, the Beggarstaffs, William Nicholson and James Pryde, are most associated with_____________, a style characterized by simplified form and areas of flat color. Cubism Pictorial Modernism Dada Futurism
pictorial modernism
_______________were examples of popular printed material that pre-date Gutenberg's invention of moveable type in the 15th century. Scrolls Calendar books Greeting cards Playing cards
playing cards
According to typographic scholar and designer Sara Soskolne, there is evidence ___________ letters since antiquity but only in 1816 do they appear in metal type. sans serif serif Humanist Transitionnel
sans serif
Which of the following was used to print the London Times in 1814, greatly increasing its output? steam-driven press Lithography Gutenberg Press Unitype machine
steam-driven press
In his use of jumbled, active text to convey sound, Filippo Marinetti demonstrates _________________, or a phenomenon in which one sense expression is expressed via another sense. synesthesia Vorticism Futurism simultaneous contrast
synesthesia
Thomas Heine's design for the satirical magazine Simplicissimus used a red dog in an Expressionist, woodcut style. The image symbolized: the influence of Gustav Klimt. a popular beverage in late 19th-century Germany. the common people who opposed the upper class. a conservative political party in late 19th-century Germany.
the common people who opposed the upper class.
Gustav Klimt is most associated with: The Glasgow Four The Vienna Secession Arts & Crafts Cubism
the vienna secession
Owen Jones' Grammar of Ornament (1856) influenced design of the Arts & Crafts and Art Nouveau movements in the late 19th century. True False
true
Peter Behrens is often credited as creating for the first corporate logo for German company AEG. True False
true
The Nuremberg Chronicle, illustrations are sometimes recycled. For example, the portrait of Hercules appears as other historical figures. True False
true
Which of the following typefaces emerged in the 19th century (select all that apply)? sans serif Humanist Clarendon slab serif italics
- sans serif - Clarendon - slab serif
According to Heller, the term "graphic designer" first appeared in: 1450 1953 1891 1922
1922
Used in association with the Vienna Secession and Jugendstil, "Gesamtkunstwerk" translates to "total work of art." Which of the following best exemplifies this idea from a 19th-century? An art museum A small work of art, such as a miniature painting. A large work of art in a traditional medium, such as oil painting or marble sculpture A well designed environment, such as a house, in which all objects are aesthetically considered and well designed
A well designed environment, such as a house, in which all objects are aesthetically considered and well designed
Which of the following is NOT true about the inscription at the base of the Column of Trajan (113 CE)? A. It is considered a "rustic" or informal letterform. B. The letters demonstrate a classical "ideal" ratio of vertical to horizontal weight. C. Letterforms reflect the thick and thin lines of a calligrapher's brush. D. Letters become smaller at the bottom of the composition to "correct" the viewer's perception of them.
A. It is considered a "rustic" or informal letterform.
Medallions in the "Bifolium from the (Andalusian) Pink Qur'an" are graphic devices that: A. Mark the break in Qur'anic verses and help orient the reader. B. Serve no functional purpose. C. Contain illustrations to accompany the text. D. Are considered determinatives that indicate which direction to read (e.g., right to left, left to right).
A. Mark the break in Qur'anic verses and help orient the reader.
Which of the following is NOT an aspect of the Carolingian minuscule? A. geometric letters B. rounded letters C. strong contrast between ascenders/descenders and x-height D. oblique stress
A. geometric letters
__________are rounded, majuscule letterforms popular from the 4th to the 8th century. A. Uncials B. Greek script C. Rustics D. Monumental capitals
A. uncials
What are some formal innovations of the Limbourg Brothers present in the Belles Heures? Naturalistic use of light Use of atmospheric perspective Emphasis on pictures All of these
All of these
Which artist created an iconic poster, Gismonda, featuring Sarah Bernhardt in a style that recalled Byzantine art? Jules Cheret Alphonse Mucha Gustav Klimt Aubrey Beardsley
Alphonse Mucha
Why were American stories popular with British yellowback publishers? American writers were paid more than their British peers' for writing yellowback fiction American stories were preferred to British writers American authors were unprotected by British copyright law and thus their work was free to print Advertisers preferred American fiction
American authors were unprotected by British copyright law and thus their work was free to print
For many years, the Codex Amiatinus was misunderstood. Scholars thought it was made in_____________; it is now believed that it was made in __________________. A. Northumbria, England; Iona, Scotland B. Iona, Scotland; Venice, Italy C. Rome, Italy; Northumbria, England D. Ravenna Italy; Dublin, Ireland
C. Rome, Italy; Northumbria, England
From 1400-1450, about 20,000-30,000 books were made by hand. Which of the following statements best describes book production in the second half of the 15th century, from 1450-1501. A. The number of books printed in Europe increased slightly during the period 1450-1501. B. Despite Gutenberg's advances, there was not a significant change in the number of books made in Europe over the course of the fifteenth century. C. The number of books printed in Europe grew dramatically, advancing to somewhere between 12 million and 20 million during the second half of the fifteenth century. D. The number of books printed in Europe is not recorded during this time.
C. The number of books printed in Europe grew dramatically, advancing to somewhere between 12 million and 20 million during the second half of the fifteenth century.
Unlike the earlier scroll, the codex provided a _________________ means of accessing information. A. linear B. pictorial C. random access D. printed
C. random access
What was Gutenberg's contribution to printing ink? A. He developed colored inks. B. He used the same ink that earlier printmakers used. C. He used water-based ink like scribes used. D. He created a thick, oil-based ink inspired by contemporary painters.
D. He created a thick, oil-based ink inspired by contemporary painters.
Before Gutenberg's invention of the printing roller, printers used: A. Brushes to apply ink to metal type. B. Rags and scraps were used to apply ink to metal type. C. There was no special tool for applying ink to metal type. D. Ink pads to "beat" ink onto metal type.
D. Ink pads to "beat" ink onto metal type.
Which of the following figures was most associated with neoclassical typographic style? Jenson Troy Caxton Didot
Didot
Author Kristen Coogan uses Lorraine Wild's "Great Wheel of Style" from 2000 to consider how style cycles happen in design fields. Which of the following is NOT a part of Wild's model? Disappearance "Good design" "It's over" Revival
Disappearance
Which of the following is most associated with Dada design? John Heartfield Guillaume Apollonaire Josef Albers El Lissitzsky
John Heartfield
Identify the artist who made advances in lithography in the 1860s--especially chromolithography. His innovations led to an era of colorful poster production. Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Owen Jones Jules Cheret
Jules Cheret
Created by a committee, the ___________ typeface was designed for Louis XIV. Letters were devised following mathematical proportions and anticipated later neoclassical letterforms. Romain du Roi Baroque Rococo Baskerville
Romain du Roi
As discussed by Angelina Lippert, chief curator of Poster House in New York City, a Terminus Absinthe poster featuring the famous actor ___________ was created without her consent. She sued and won the right to her own likeness. Sarah Bernhardt Loie Fuller Jane Avril Olympia
Sarah Bernhardt
