ARRT Penny ch.24

30. Absence of the skull is: a. Hydranencephaly b. Schizencephaly C. Acrania d. Ventriculomegaly

C. Acrania

8. The anechoic midline brain structure located between the frontal horns of the lateral ventricles is the: a. CSP

a. CSP

19. The structure located between the two lobes of the cerebellum is the: a. Cerebellar vermis b. Cerebellar tonsils c. Falx cerebri d. Corpus callosum

a. Cerebellar vermis

1. With what structure does the posterior fossa cyst associated with DWM communicate? a. Fourth ventricle b. Third ventricle c. Cerebellar vermis d. Cerebral aqueduct

a. Fourth ventricle

24. Which of the following would be the most likely fetal cranial findings with TORCH infections? a. Intracranial calcifications b. Cerebral atrophy c. Porencephaly d. Scaphocephaly

a. Intracranial calcifications

11. The interthalamic adhesion (massa intermedia) passes through the: a. Third ventricle b. Fourth ventricle c. Cisterna magna d. CSP

a. Third ventricle

16. Dangling choroid sign is associated with: a. Ventriculomegaly b. Hydranencaphaly c. Lissencephaly d. Meckel-Gruber syndrome

a. Ventriculomegaly

9. The "sunburst" of the cerebral sulci is a sonographic finding of: a. DWM b. Agenesis of the corpus callosum c. Colpocephaly d. Hydranencephaly

b. Agenesis of the corpus callosum

12. The most severe form of holoprosencephaly is: a. Lobar b. Alobar c. Semilobar d. Lobular

b. Alobar

27. A lemon-shaped skull is related to: a. Trisomy 2 b. Arnold-Chiari Il malformation c. Thanatophoric dysplasia d. Beckwith-VWiedemann syndrome

b. Arnold-Chiari Il malformation

22. The cisterna magna should not exceed ___ in the transcerebellar plane. a. mm b. 2 mm c. 8 mm d. 10 mm

d. 10 mm

13. Which of the following is a genetic disorder that includes craniosynostosis, midline facial hypoplasia, and syndactyly? a. Lobar holoprosencephaly b. Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome c. Arnold-Chiari Il malformation d. Apert syndrome

d. Apert syndrome

17. The third ventricle communicates with the fourth ventricle at the: a. Foramen of Magendie b. Foramen of Luschka c. Foramen of Monro d. Aqueduct of Sylvius

d. Aqueduct of Sylvius

32. The most common cause of hydrocephalus in utero is: a. Cerebral hemorrhage b. Holoprosencephaly c. Brain tumors d. Aqueductal stenosis

d. Aqueductal stenosis

5. Which of the following will also typically be absent with agenesis of the corpus callosum? a. Cerebellar vermis b. CSP c. Third ventricle d. Fourth ventricle

b. CSP

25. The band of tissue that allows communication between the right and left cerebral hemispheres is the: a. Falx cerebri b. Corpus callosum c. Cerebellar vermis d. CSP

b. Corpus callosum

33. The sonographic finding of a fluid-filled cranium with absence of cerebral tissue is consistent with: a. Hydrocephalus b. Hydranencephaly c. Holoprosencephaly d. Schizencephaly

b. Hydranencephaly

34. The lack of sulci within the fetal cerebrum is a reliable indicator of: a. Agenesis of the corpus callosum b. Lissencephaly c. Schizencephaly d. Porencephaly

b. Lissencephaly

37. Which of the following would not be normally located within the midline of the fetal brain? a. CSP b. Lobes of the thalamus c. Third ventricle d. Falx cerebri

b. Lobes of the thalamus

18. The fourth ventricle is located: a. Posterior to the CSP b. Between the frontal horns of the lateral ventricles c. Anterior to the cerebellar vermis d. Medial to the third ventricle

c. Anterior to the cerebellar vermis

14. The third ventricle is located: a. Anterior to the thalamus b. Anterior to the cerebellar vermis c. Between the two lobes of the thalamus d. Superior to the corpus callosum

c. Between the two lobes of the thalamus

10. Enlargement of the frontal horns and narrowing of the occipital horns is termed: a. Holoprosencephaly b. DWM c. Colpocephaly d. Apert syndrome

c. Colpocephaly

28. All of the following are sonographic features of alobar holoprosencephaly except: a. Cyclopia b. Monoventricle c. Dorsal cyst d. Fused thalamus

c. Dorsal cyst

4. Which of the following is located on both sides of the midline? a. Interhemispheric fissures b. Third and fourth ventricles c. Lateral ventricles d. Third ventricle and cerebral aqueduct

c. Lateral ventricles

20. A normal shaped skull is termed: a. Dolichocephaly b. Brachycephaly c. Mesocephaly d. Scaphocephaly

c. Mesocephaly

23. A strawberry-shaped skull is commonly associated with: a. Trisomy 21 b. Trisomy 15 c. Trisomy 18 d. Trisomy 13

c. Trisomy 18

36. What cerebral malformation is as a result of agenesis or hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis? a. Arnold-Chiari Il malformation b. Schizencephaly c. Mega cisterna magna d. DWM

d. DWM

6. The double fold of dura mater that divides the cerebral hemispheres is the: a. Cerebellum b. CSP c. Corpus callosum d. Falx cerebri

d. Falx cerebri

31. What fetal suture is located within the frontal bone along the midline of the forehead? a. Squamosal suture b. Sagittal suture c. Lambdoidal suture d. Metopic suture

d. Metopic suture

3. All of the following are sonographic findings of Arnold-Chiari Il malformation except: a. Enlarged massa intermedia b. Hydrocephalus c. Obliteration of the cisterna magna d. Strawberry sign

d. Strawberry sign

26. A cloverleaf-shaped skull is related to: a. Trisomy 18 b. Meckel-Gruber syndrome c. Trisomy 13 d. Thanatophoric dysplasia

d. Thanatophoric dysplasia

2. The choroid plexus cyst could be associated with an increase risk of: a. Trisomy 13 b. Trisomy 4 c. Arnold-Chiari Il malformation d. Trisomy 18

d. Trisomy 18

21. The most accurate measurement for estimating gestational age is: a. BPD b. HC c. Transcerebellar measurement d. Lateral ventricle

b. HC

15. What chromosomal aberration is most often associated with holoprosencephaly? a. Anophthalmia b. Trisomy 21 c. Trisomy 13 d. Trisomy 18

c. Trisomy 13

29. What cerebral abnormality are atypical facial features most commonly associated with? a. DWM b. Schizencephaly c. Lissencephaly d. Holoprosencephaly

d. Holoprosencephaly

35. A cisterna magna that measure 15 mm and a normal appearing cerebellum is most likely: a. Arnold-Chiari Il malformation b. Schizencephaly c. Mega cisterna magna d. DWM

c. Mega cisterna magna

7. The development of fluid-filled cleft within the cerebrum is consistent with: a. Holoprosencephaly b. Lissencephaly c. Schizencephaly d. Hydranencephaly

c. Schizencephaly

39. Following an intracranial hemorrhage, a cyst is noted within the cerebrum that communicates with the lateral ventricle. This is referred to as: a. Schizencephaly b. Lissencephaly c. Holoprosencephaly d. Porencephaly

d. Porencephaly

40. Which of the following should not be included in the correct level for an HC measurement? a. Falx cerebri b. Fourth ventricle c. Thalamus d. CSP

b. Fourth ventricle

38. The condition in which the frontal horns are small and the occipital horns are enlarged is referred to as: a. Ethmocephaly b. Hydrocephalus c. Colpocephaly d. Encephalitis

c. Colpocephaly