ART-090, Chapter 12

A method of construction in which rocks or bricks are piled one on top of another is called ________________. A.)Load-bearing B.)Skeleton-and-skin C.)Post-and-lintel D.)Flying buttresses

Load-bearing

What is the structural function of buttresses and flying buttresses in Gothic cathedrals? A.)To provide the only source of light into the cathedral B.)To bridge the gap between a dome and square building C.)To reinforce cathedral walls from the outside D.)To hide interior steel frame construction

To reinforce cathedral walls from the outside

Tension is a stretching force that pulls a building apart. A.)True B.)False

True

Which of the following Greek orders of architecture has a capital consisting of a double-scroll (volutes) design, as seen in The Temple of Athena Nike? A.)Corinthian B.)Doric C.)Frieze D.)Ionic

Ionic

What is the function of a pendentive in architecture? A.)To reinforce cathedral walls from the outside B.)To hide interior steel frame construction C.)To bridge the gap between a dome and square building D.)To provide the only source of light into the cathedral

To bridge the gap between a dome and square building

Identify these parts of Greek architecture. 1.)A 2.)B 3.)C 4.)D

1.)Entablature 2.)Capital 3.)Column 4.)Pediment

Eero Saarinen designed the Trans World Airlines Terminal Building to look like ____________________. A.)cumulus clouds B.)wings of a gigantic bird C.)ocean waves D.)a spiral coil

wings of a gigantic bird

As seen in the Arena Chapel, a curved roof made built in the form of a tunnel formed by extending an arch in depth is called a __________________. A.)pendentive B.)truss C.)cantilever D.)barrel vault

barrel vault

A beam that extends beyond a wall or column, creating an overhang is called a ______________________. A.)cantilever B.)pendentive C.)truss D.)barrel vault

cantilever

A stone or brick that extends slightly beyond the one below it is called a _____________________. A.)corbel B.)cantilever C.)entablature D.)minaret

corbel

Match the architectural structure with the building method or architectural features. Images are included to give you references. 1.)Machu Picchu, Peru 2.)The Pantheon, Rome 3.)Chartres Cathedral, France 4.)Parthenon, Greece 5.)Cantilevered balconies of Frank Lloyd Wright, "Fallingwater" house 6.)Brooklyn Bridge, New York City 7.)R. Buckminster Fuller, U.S. Pavilion, Montreal, Canada 8.)Hagia Sophia, Istanbul, Turkey

1.)Load-bearing construction (stacking) 2.)Dome, oculus, porch (portico) 3.)Pointed arches, buttresses, and flying buttresses 4.)Post and lintel, Doric order 5.)Reinforced concrete 6.)Suspension 7.)Geodesic dome 8.)Dome, pendentive

The following are types of skeleton-and-skin construction methods: (choose all that apply) 1.)Geodesic domes 2.)Iron frame construction 3.)Wood frame construction 4.)Steel frame construction

All of the above

Write a short paragraph about the Pantheon based on information from the textbook, Include where the Pantheon is located, what its original function was, and describe three noteworthy architectural features of the building. Write in your own words (do not copy directly from the textbook).

During the Roman Empire in the year 117 CE, the new emperor Hadrian devised various innovative architecture schemes to proclaim the prominence of his reign. The most notable of them all was the Pantheon, the way Romans would enter the building is by walking through a massive porch that hid the rest of the building which after passing, be overwhelmed by the incredible architecture/artwork. Hadrian also partook in designing the Pantheon which was 150ft in diameter and height. To light up the building, they left a large hole in the center of the roof called an oculus. How did the Pantheon withstand the elements and time till this day? Romans used concrete which was much more durable than wood which wood decay over time. To prevent the physic of gravity intervene in constructing the building, builders would create niches to lighten the weight of the massive walls.

What is meant by "form follows function" in architecture? Explain the term, then provide an example building and explain how form follows function in the building. (You can embed an image of the building by using the photo icon above the answer box)

People normally judge how well the building functions by its form. When we look at a physical therapy hospital, you wouldn't have the massive porch that the Pantheon has because how will the physically disabled/wounded get up or down from there safely and conveniently?

A type of architectural structural system in which two vertical uprights support a horizontal is referred to as _______________________________. A.)Flying buttresses B.)Skeleton-and-skin C.)Post-and-lintel D.)Load-bearing

Post-and-lintel

The Sydney Opera House uses what material to create soaring peaks? A.)Stone columns B.)Wooden beams C.)Reinforced concrete D.)Steel struts

Reinforced concrete