ART-110-160 Chapter Twenty One

Gustave Courbet's massive painting "A Burial at Ornans" sparked many contrasting opinions when first shown in 1850. How did detractors of the work identify the painting?

"The cult of the ugly".

Paul Gauguin is known for which techniques?

A strong outline, tertiary color harmonies, and flattened forms and broad color areas.

Why is Edouard Manet's "Luncheon on the Grass" considered to be such an important painting?

It was boldly aware of the fact that it was a painting, which in turn made modern painting more complex.

The Industrial Revolution was characterized by __________.

Mass production and consumption

Marcel Breuer's "Armchair" is a good example of what the __________ movement encompassed.

Bauhaus

Experimentation with __________ and ________ defined the avant-garde movement of the early 20th century.

Color; form

Banned by the Soviet government in 1922, Constructivism went on to influence which European artistic movement?

De Stijil.

The artist Vasili Kandinsky was a member of what Expressionist group of painters?

Der Blaue Feiter.

The Surrealists were primarily concerned with what subject matter?

Dreams and the unconscious.

Which were characteristics of human figures in Romantic painting?

Emotion, mystery, and exoticism.

The _________ intensity of Vincent van Gogh's "The Starry Night" is a defining element of the painter's work, inspiring generations of artists to come.

Emotional

The form of art that describes any style where the artist's subjective feelings take precedence over objective observation is called __________.

Expressionism

What school of artists was named for a review of their groundbreaking 1874 exhibition as the Anonymous Society of Artists, Painters, Sculptors, Printmakers, etc.?

Impressionists.

Members of the Die Brucke group, like Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, created compositions what including which characteristics?

Intense arbitrary colors and wavering contours.

How does Eugene Delacroix's "The Women of Algiers" exemplify the Romantic movement?

It features figures in a mysterious setting.

How does Berthe Morsisot's "Summer Day" exemplify the Impressionist style?

It has dab-like, color-laden brush strokes that capture the light.

Why was Marcel Duchamp's "Fountain" a controversial piece of art?

It was a urinal turned on its side and signed.

Cubist paintings are based on the idea that __________ is how we assimilate the world, they attempt to simulate the constant movement of our eyes.

Motion

Which characteristics best describe Cubism?

Objects were depicted as if view from several viewpoints simultaneously and depictions of objects are broken down to simple geometric shapes.

Which of the following artists are credited with founding Cubism?

Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque.

The Impressionists were among the first artists to ___________.

Paint outdoors rather than in the studio.

What artist used a technique of he called "little sensations before nature", structuring his paintings with a geometric pattern of hundreds of small vivid patches of colors?

Paul Cezanne.

According to the artist __________ _________, if people could be surrounded by the type of regimented rational beauty his paintings represented, the world would become more balanced and humane.

Piet Mondrian

Based off his interest in color theory, Grorges Seurat developed a technique of painting involving small dots of color placed close together and blended by the eye. What was the name of its technique?

Pointillism.

Giorgio de Chirico believed that for art to enter the realm of dreams, what must the art exclude?

Recognizable material.

Even though William-Adolphe Bouguereau's "The Birth of Venus" was painted in 1879, it shows a strong influence to paintings from which period?

Renaissance.

Which of these is NOT one of the art movements that developed during the 19th and 20th centuries?

Rococo.

The __________ __________ __________ was the name of 1863 exhibition that featured over 3,000 works of art had been rejected by a particularity conservation Salon Jury.

Salon des Refuses

Which of the following are recongnized "periods" of Pablo Picasso's artistic career?

The Cubist period, Neoclassical period, Rose period, and Blue period.

What group of artists focused their compositions on the exploration of the mechanical motion?

The Futurists.

What type of subject matter did Henri Matisse typically explore?

The human body.

Whereas European Romanticism was about exoticism and tragic beauty, where did American artists find Romanticism?

The landscape.

What artist is credited with adapting the conventions of Realism from its original European context to create a distinctly American Realist style?

Thomas Eakins.

Realist artists were primarily concerned with __________.

Ordinary people and the events of present-day life

In Fauvist paintings, __________ is considered to be a fully independent expressive element.

Color

In the early 20th century a group of artists founded what art movement in protest?

Dada.

What were the inspirations of Surrealist works?

The sexual drive, dreams and the theories of Sigmund Freud.

Which of these issues was NOT associated with the Harlem Renaissance and works such as Aaron Douglas's "Aspects of Negro Life" series? a. The rich heritage of Africa b. The daily chores of modern urban life c. The legacy of recently ended slavery d. The development of the African-American church

d. The development of the African-American church.