Art 1110 Quiz 4

Blake

Songs of Innocence The Lamb Songs of Experience The Tyger God Creating the Universe Romanticism

Daguerrotype

a photograph made by an early method on a plate of chemically treated metal (developed by Louis JM Daguerre)

Watercolor

a vivid water-based paint, usually applied to paper, with outstanding brilliance and translucence; also, term for resulting artwork Romanticism

Photography

An art form that involves taking pictures of visually meaningful subjects and scenes

Rembrandt

Dutch painter, who painted portraits of wealthy middle-class merchants and used sharp contrasts of light and shadow to draw attention to his focus Baroque

Delacroix

This French painter was important to French Romantic art. He often used his painting to convey a political message, and he is best known for his painting depicting the socialist revolution of 1830: Liberty Leading the People. Romanticism Massacre at Chois, Death of Sardanapalus

Rodin

This Post-Impressionist artist was a major modern sculptor who sculpted in a time when sculpting wasn't in the forefront (he sculpted BEFORE it was cool). He sculpted realistically in his early years, but later became more abstract in his ways.

Sargent

This realist was one of the last portrait painters before photography. He worked in Europe and was loved by the upper-class. However, his work "Madame X" caused a stir because it was very revealing for the time.

Leyster

-Well-known woman artist during the Baroque

Baroque

1600-1750 Overly decorated Highly ornate extravagantly ornate; flamboyant; characterized by bold ornamentation. Expressive Caravaggio: Boy with a basket of Fruit, tenebrism, Bernini: baldachino, St.Peters Basilica, David, Cornaro Chapel Wren: St.Pauls Cathedral Gentileschi: Judith Slaying Holofernes Rubens: Venus and Adonis, Raising of the Cross Rembrandt: Belshazzar's Feast, The Militia Company of Captain Frans Banning Cocq, Self-portrait as Saint Paul Hals: The Laughing Cavalier Leyster: The Last Drop Vermeer: The Geographer, View of Delft Velázquez: Venus with a Mirror, Las Meninas Poussain: Ashes of Phokian Etching

Romanticism

19th century artistic movement that appealed to emotion rather than reason A reaction to neo-classicism that focuses on emotion over reason and spontaneous expression. Subject matter was invested with drama and painted in brilliant colors. Watercolor The Salon Goya: The Witches' Sabbath, The Executions of the Third of May Géricault: Raft of the Medusa, Madwoman with a Mania of Envy William Blake: God Creating the Universe Delacroix: Massacre at Chois, Death of Sardanapalus, Liberty Leading the People Friedrich: Two Men contemplating the Moon Turner: Burning of the Houses of Lords and Commons Bierstadt: Sunrise, Yosemite Valley Hicks: The Peaceable Kingdom Folk Art A reaction against the "cold and unfeeling": reasons for the enlightenment, and against the destruction of nature resulting from the industrial revolution. Stress is on light, color and self expression, in opposition to the emphasis on line and firm modeling typical of neoclassical art. Values: emotion, feeling, morbidity, exoticism, mystery.

Vermeer

A Dutch painter who used a great deal of light. He enjoyed painting people doing everyday things. Baroque

Winslow Homer

A Realist painter known for his seascapes of New England. Which American realist said "if man wants to be an artist, they should not look at art"? Realism

Rococo

A popular style in Europe in the eighteenth century, known for its soft pastels, ornate interiors, sentimental portraits, and starry-eyed lovers protected by hovering cupids. heavily embellished Reacts to the grandeur and massiveness of the baroque. It employs refined, elegant, highly decorative forms. Fragonard: The Swing Hogarth: Marriage à la mode II, Time Smoking a Picture

Henry Tanner

An African-American artist who studied with Thomas Eakins - African artist, studied under Eakins, focused on genre pieces

Gentileschi

An accomplished female painter; elected to the Florentine Academy of Design; one of the first female artists to paint historical and religious paintings. Judith Beheading Holofernes Baroque

Impressionism

An artistic movement that sought to capture a momentary feel, or impression, of the piece they were drawing an artistic movement that sought to capture a momentary feel, or impression, of the piece they were drawing. Focuses on transitory visual impressionism, Often painted directly from nature, emphasizing the changing effects of light and color. Renoir: Moulin de la Galette, The Pont-Neuf Manet: A Bar at Folies-Bergere Degas: Absinthe, Dancer with a Bouquet Cassatt: The Boating Party Monet: Impression: Sunrise, Water Lily Pond, Rouen Cathedral Rodin: The Thinker, Balzac Homer: Army at Potomac Sargent: Breezing Up, The Daughters of Edward Darley Boit Whistler: Nocturne in Black and Gold Japonisme. The Great Wave at Kanagawa

Academy

Any institution where the higher branches of learning are taught.

Engraving

Art form in which an artist etches a design on a metal plate with acid and then uses the plate to make multiple prints A printmaking technique where the artist gouges or scratches the image into the surface of the printing plate.

Folk Art/Outsider Art

Art of people who have had no formal, academic training, but whose works are part of an established tradition of style and craftsmanship. Romanticism

Degas

French Painter, Impressionism, did horses and ballet dancers

Renoir

French impressionist painter; nude female paintings

Courbet

French painter noted for his realistic depiction of everyday scenes (1819-1877) Realism

Camera Obscura

Invented in the sixteenth century, the camera obscura is made out of an arrangement of lenses and mirrors in a box (or room) that is darkened. When looking through the lens of a 'camera obscura', the view presented is actually reflected through the mirrors onto the paper or cloth and allows the artist to draw by tracing the outline. This forerunner of the modern camera was a tool for recording an optically accurate image, often of topographical detail (Canaletto used one to study his vedute prior to painting).

Poussin

Nicolaus Poussin is generally considered the finest examples of French classicist painting. He spent all but eighteen months of his creative life in Rome because he found the atmosphere in Paris uncongenial. Deeply attached to classical antiquity, he believed that the highest aim of painting was to represent noble actions in a logical and orderly, but not a realistic, way. (541) Baroque

David

One of the first and most famous Neoclassical artist The Death of Marat The Oath of Horatii, Napoleon at St.Bernard Pass

Tenebrism

Painting in the "shadowy manner" using violent contrasts of light and dark as in the work of Caravaggio Baroque a composition where shadows dominate highlights; demands very high contrast in light/darkness

Gericault

Romanticism Raft of the Medusa had great sympathy w/ human suffering, which he depicted w/ emotional sincerity Madwoman with a Mania of Envy

Fêtes Galantes

Scenes of French nobles at play in parties in lush gardens

Whistler

Sued John Ruskin for libel (called flinging a pot of paint in the public's face) Artist that influenced photographer

Japonisme

The French fascination with all things Japanese. Second half of 19th century. Impressionist and Post-impressionist were especially impressed with bold contour lines, flat areas of color, and cropped edges in Japanese woodblock prints.

Ingres

The exquisite oil painting, "Grande odalisque", 1814, with its female figure set in the luxurious blue drapery and rich surroundings is the work of the French painter _____. Napoleon Enthroned, Grande Odalisque

Lithography

The process or method of printing from a metal or stone surface A mechanical printing process based on the principle of the natural aversion of water to grease. In modern offset lithography, the image on a photosensitive plate is first transferred to the blanket of a rotating drum, and then to the paper. Realism

Eakins

This American Realist was a science/medicine instructor as well as an art teacher. Like Homer, he did not believe in studying anything that imitated another work, and was against artistic influences. One of his more famous works was "The Gross Clinic" (last name) Realism

Millet

This Realist artist was famous for painting peasants as noble workers.

Daumier

Which French realist satirized the way industrial realism categorized the working class Who was the artist that is famous for political cartoons in La Caricature magazine? Realism

Goya

Which artist became more bitter as he grew older and began painting subject matter from his dreams because he felt the real world could not communicate his thoughts? The Witches' Sabbath, The Executions of the Third of May Romanticism

Cassatt

Which artist's favorite subjects were mothers and children?

Fragonard

Who is famous for the artistic piece, "The Swing?" Rococo

Hogarth

Who was the famous English painter and printmaker who was known for his social critiques? British painter; satirest; painted commoners; unveiled immoral customs Rococo

Monet

a French painter who used a impressionism called "super-realism," capture overall impression of the thing they were painting

Oil paint

a paint made of color pigments mixed in slowly drying oil; its main binding agent for pigment is linseed oil

Etching

an intaglio printmaking technique in which a metal plate is covered with an acid-resistant ground and worked with an etching needle to create an image.

J.M.W. Turner

artist, painter who created popular paintings of land and sea Romanticism Burning of the Houses of Lords and Commons

Velasquez

court painter for king phillip and painted religious things Baroque

Hals

his paintings gave fleeting, usually happy impressions of his sitters group portraits Baroque

Bierstadt

mid 19C. Painter. "Among the Sierra Nevada Mountains, California" Romantic landscapes-with allegory Sunrise, Yosemite Valley Romanticism

Plaster paint

paste that hardens to a smooth solid and is used for coating walls; V. Fresco

Pastel

pigment bound with nongreasy binder like gum arabic; borderline medium between drawing and painting

Rubens

prolific Flemish Baroque painter

Brady

was one of the most celebrated 19th century American photographers, best known for his portraits of celebrities and the documentation of the American Civil War. He is credited with being the father of photojournalism. Lincoln photos, Robert E. Lee

Realism

A 19th century artistic movement in which writers and painters sought to show life as it is rather than life as it should be Objective representation of a scene. Rejected idealized academic styles in favor of everyday subjects. Lithography Millet: The Gleaners Bonheur: The Horse Fair Courbet: The Stone Breakers, Burial at Ornans Daumier: Third-Class Carriage, The Freedom of the Press: Don't meddle with it, Louis Phillippe as Gargantua Brady: Lincoln photos, Robert E. Lee Eakins: The Gross Clinic Tanner: Annunciation Manet: Déjeuner sur L'Herbe, Olympia Brooklyn Bridge, Eiffel Tower, Wainwright Building Photography Nadar

Jefferson

An American statesman and politician who served as President of the Confederate States of America for its entire history from 1861 to 1865 Neoclassicism State Capitol, Rotunda at University of Virginia,

Friedrich

Creepy trees focuses on nature people lost in nature Romanticism Two Men contemplating the Moon

Caravaggio

Italian painter noted for his realistic depiction of religious subjects and his novel use of light Baroque Boy with a basket of Fruit, tenebrism,

Bernini

Movement is the theme of this Baroque artist's work. He was both a sculptor and an architect baldachino, St.Peters Basilica, David, Cornaro Chapel

Neoclassicism

Romanticism emerged as a rejection 1750-1815 the revival of a classical style or treatment in art, literature, architecture, or music. An imitation of the style identified with the art and literature of ancient Greece and Rome. Usually associated with European art and literature from the mid-1600s through the eighteenth century. Reaction against Rococo David: The Oath of Horatii, Death of Marat, Napoleon at St.Bernard Pass Ingres: Napoleon Enthroned, Grande Odalisque Thomas Jefferson: State Capitol, Rotunda at University of Virginia, The writers valued order, reason, balanced, and clarity over emotion; their thinking typified the thought prevalent if this "Age of Reason."

Manet

The great French poet Charles Baudelaire called _____ the "painter of modern life" and a pivotal figure in the move towards the art of the 20th century.

The Salon

beginning in 1725 was the official art exhibition of the Académie des Beaux-Arts in Paris. Between 1748 and 1890 it was the greatest annual or biennial art event in the Western world. Romanticism

Gouache

watercolor with inert white pigment mixed in. Inert pigment is pigment that becomes colorless or virtually colorless paint. In gouache, it serves to make the color opaque, which means it is used at full length