art 315 final

Karl Marx used the term "reification" to refer to the capitalist process in which the human being is represented as:

A physical thing deprived of agency or individuality.

Jackson Pollock's art best represents the art movement known as:

Abstract Expressionism

US art critic Suzi Gablik suggests that building community is a way to work against the power of ads because:

Advertising addresses us as separate and individual consumers.

Italian Futurism

Although many twentieth century artists protested war, one avant-garde movement actually celebrated the violence of war and revolution

According to media theorist Oliver Grau, virtual reality can be traced back as far as:

Ancient Greek temples

German artist Kathe Kollwitz:

Combined subjective expressionism with social concern and personal anguish.

d.w. girffith

D. W. Griffith was an actor and would-be writer who entered the film trade only reluctantly. 1908 he was directing his own. The first, Birth of a Nation (7.19), shows his brilliant ability to make visual melodrama. The second, Intolerance, is an example of adept translation of Academic painting into the language of film.

An artist who uses art to commment on the dehumanizing potential of technology is:

Eduardo Kac

The four basic strategies of persuasion used by advertisers emphasize:

Experience over information.

The ideas embodied in Edward Said's theory of Orientalism can be seen in artworks such as:

Gerome's "Slave Market" which depicts slave traders in Islamic Egypt. Ingres' "La Grande Odalisque" which depicts a voluptuous nude woman posed as a harem girl. Matisse's odalisques from the 1920s, which reflect European cultural attitudes about dominance and submission. All of the above.

An artist who addresses racial identity with his/her internet art is:

Keith Obadike

The radical shift of emphasis from object to concept in the visual arts is credited to:

Marcel Duchamp.

keith haring

New York graffiti artist, was among the many artists to add their images to the hundreds of Absolut vodka ads

According to cultural critic bell hooks, rap videos are:

Part of an advanced technology of the capitalistic system of production

McDonald's commercials have related their products, particularly the Big Mac, to the following:

Patriotism. Family values. Fun. All of the above.

Which of the following Post Impressionist artists left Europe for the South Pacific in order to find a more "pure" and "primitive" life?

Paul Gauguin

Most advertising art seeks to connect the technological environment of a product with:

Personal patterns of perception and use.

Eadward Muybridge

Scottish born photographer. create what became the first photographs of moving animals

In his groundbreaking "Ways of Seeing" television series and related book, British art historian John Berger points out that ads (which he calls "publicity images") endeavor to:

Show us an alternative way of life. Persuade us that by buying certain things, our lives will be transformed. Make us envy glamorous celebrities. All of the above.

Surrealism and its theoretical basis

Surrealism sought a way out of the entire cultural pattern that had produced the blind alley of the World War I. Surrealists placed no faith in the machine or in technology in general. They believed cultural revolution had to begin in the consciousness of individuals.

Phineas T. Barnum used newspaper ads, handbills, and broadsides to promote:

The Swedish Nightingale, Jenny Lind.

Many of Rene Magritte's Surrealist paintings address:

The arbitrary relationship between the signifier and the signified.

The most powerful and influential form of art in our society today is:

The art of advertising.

Jean Leon Gerome's painting "Police Verso (Thumbs Down)" was:

The inspiration for Ridley Scott's film "Gladiator."

Stereotypes

s, as applied to people, are fixed pictures or ideas about how a particular group (ethnic, religious, or racial) thinks and behaves, a picture that simplifies, often to the point of caricature, and prohibits the recognition of individual, personal uniqueness. Men are portrayed as strong and courageous. Women are weak and often victimized by male aggression. When "renegade" Black soldiers break into the Southern family's home, the father grabs a gun to defend himself, but the women flee to the basement, where one of the daughters has hysterics.

The primary source of culture-building images in today's world is located in:

the home

The effect of "background" in Civil Rights coverage led to new images of African American, as seen in television programs like:

"the cosby show"

Tony Schwartz, who has made over 5000 ads and commercials, suggests that television commercials strive to achieve:

An image transplant in the individual's subconscious.

An American Pop artist known for his interest in the process by which the mass media turn celebrities into commodities is:

Andy Warhol

Which noted computer artist created "The Passions," a series of computer- manipulated video images based on religions paintings for the Getty Museum?

Bill Viola

An American artist whose photographic self-portraits depict how films tend to produce stereotyped images of women is:

Cindy Sherman.

Jackson Pollock

The art movement that ushered in the postwar triumph of American art--Abstract Expressionism. Pollock was also interested in radical political ideas and painting based on social consciousness. During the thirties he was especially impressed by the works of Mexican muralists Rivera and Siqueros.

According to cultural critic Fredric Jameson, most television crime dramas are formulaic because:

They meet viewers' expectations. They conform to stereotyped formats. They don't annoy viewers by making "high cultural" demands on them. All of the above.

Jean Kilbourne

argues that the objectification of women in advertising images is linked to violence against women.e argues that the purpose of the mass media is to deliver an audience to advertisers. If so, the goal of television programs is to round-up viewers for commercials. Television's dramatic entertainments, sports events, even the news and other information programs are all designed to make profits for the companies whose products are featured in commercials.

Jeff Koons

claims to be "the most written-about artist in the world." Koons has also created larger than life sized photo-derived paintings of himself having sex with his wife, Italian porn star Ilona

Abstraction

freedom from representational qualities in art.

cezanne and his influence on other artists

gained strong recognition within the avant-garde and was about to make a significant impact on the wider public that had supported Academic painting. the one of men playing cards quotes Cezanne's composition of the same subject— other films looked forward into the rush of modernity.

Appropriation

the action of taking something for one's own use, typically without the owner's permission.

Reduction

the action or fact of making a specified thing smaller or less in amount, degree, or size.

The main subject of television programming is:

the family

True or False. Many nineteenth century images depicts women passively displayed as objects to be "consumed" by the powerful male gaze.

true

Picasso and his important artworks

"When I paint, I always try to give an image people are not expecting and, beyond that, one they reject. That's what interests me. It's in this sense that I mean I always try to be subversive. That is, I give a man an image of himself whose elements are collected from among the usual way of seeing things in traditional paintings and then reassembled in a fashion that is unexpected and disturbing enough to make it impossible for him to escape the questions it raises."

Rudyard Kipling

"an harbringer of our wonder-working technology, alternately rendering us ecstatic or miserable."

Today's music videos:

Are creative visualizations of songs. A major art form that grew out of the television commercial genre. Often dramas employing the full range of cinematic components. All of the above.

Vincent Van Gogh's art and life:

Point to the understanding of avant-garde art as spiritual revelation. Are the basis for much of the modern myth about the artist as crazed and misunderstood. Have been the source for more films than any other artist. All of the above.

modernism

a philosophical movement that, along with cultural trends and changes, arose from wide-scale and far-reaching transformations in Western society during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

betye saar

deconstructed the Aunt Jemima stereotype in an iconic artwork of the 1970s

ferdinand de sausurre

first published in 1915, were of tremendous importance to Magritte. As discussed in the Preface, he argued that the relationship between a word (which he termed a signifier) and what it represents (the signified) is never automatic or "natural." The connection between signified and signified is always culturally constructed

judy chicago

founded the first Feminist Art Program, in 1971 at California Institute for the Arts. , Chicago later founded the longest-lived feminist cultural institution in the country: the Los Angeles Woman's Building, 1975-1995. Chicago's most famous single artwork is her monumental Dinner Party.

post-modernism

general and wide-ranging term which is applied to literature, art, philosophy, architecture, fiction, and cultural and literary criticism, among others. largely a reaction to the assumed certainty of scientific, or objective, efforts to explain reality.

Primitivism

had a kind of primal truth. a Western art movement that borrows visual forms from non-Western or prehistoric peoples, such as Paul Gauguin's inclusion of Tahitian motifs in paintings and ceramics. Borrowings from primitive art has been important to the development of modern art.

marcel duchamp

in exhibiting a urinal as a piece of sculpture—and signing it "R. Mutt"

a trip to the moon

not only more than doubled the standard two-minute-length of a film to five minutes, it also began the long march of space adventures that has led to today's Star Wars. Melies's film depended on narrative devices that were continued in space adventures in particular and science fiction films in general throughout the twentieth century

The Academy and how they liked their paintings to be presented

sought to protest social ills

dada

the name for a highly diverse and fluid movement that spread from Switzerland throughout Europe after the Great War ended. The best description would probably be a page of randomly selected words and photographic snippets, with an overlay of graffiti. explored approaches to art that have contributed as heavily to the art of our day as any other avant-garde movements.

Suprematism

the supremacy of feeling over fact. s an art movement, focused on basic geometric forms, such as circles, squares, lines, and rectangles, painted in a limited range of colors.

True or False. According to sociologist George Gerbner, television is the common basis for social interaction in today's culture.

true

Yasumasa Morimura

used computer technologies in his photographically based works. In Morimura's "Daughter of Art History" series, he poses as the female figures in great paintings of the art historical past, thus effecting sometimes humorous, sometimes disturbing collaborations with great artistic masters.

Media theorist Sut Jhally suggests that advertising should be analyzed as:

A cultural system.

Marcel Duchamp introduced many ideas that appear in computer and other new media art, including:

Artwork as a set of instructions for the viewer/participant to follow.

Built at the University of Pennsylvania in 1946, the first digital computer was how large?

As big as a room.

Today's television commercials draw on which of the following sources:

Avant-garde art. Avant-garde films. Hollywood films. All of the above.

Which of the following artists appropriates images and textual styles from advertising and re-frames them to make cultural commentary?

Barbara Kruger.

New York artist Jean-Michel Basquiat:

Began his career doing graffiti on the New York streets and subways. Often celebrated African American cultural contributions in his paintings. Befriended and collaborated with Andy Warhol. All of the above.

What were magic lanterns?

Devices that anticipated today's home television sets. The devices photogrpaher Eadweard Muybridge used to show his images of animals in motion. Ancestors of today's personal format technologies. All of the above. Correct

The art movement that based its work on the psychoanalytical theories of Sigmund Freud was:

Fauvism. Dada. Impressionism. All of the above. None of the above.

Laura Mulvey

Filmmaker and theorist. uses several of Hitchcock's films to analyze the three different looks associated with cinema: 1. the look of the camera as it records; 2. the look of the audience as it watches; and 3. the look of characters within the screen illusion.

According to anthropologist William O'Barr, the US advertising industry:

Has been dominated by Euro-Americans. Often involves "photographic colonialism," which parallels economic and political colonialism. Often represents foreigners and other categories of outsiders as subordinate. All of the above. Correct

Afro-Cuban-American artist Andres Serrano is important because:

He creates visually compelling photographs. He has written eloquently about artistic freedom. His work about his Catholic upbringing was widely misunderstood and offended several US senators. All of the above.

What was/were Vannevar Bush's main contribution(s) to the development of computer technology?

He first imagined home computers and hypertexts.

The three primary filters through which we view television are:

Home, drama, and personality.

According to Sut Jhally, because ads have colonized the entire visual environment, commercial culture is now:

Inside our personal identities. Inside our heads. Inside our intimate relationships. All of the above. Correct

Gustave Courbet's painting "The Stonebreakers" was controversial because:

It depicted the working class as passive victims of the modern age. It was a realistic mirror of precisely the facts nineteenth century society hoped to ignore. It revealed the artist's socialist politics. All of the above.

Nineteenth century Academic painting was popular because:

It employed highly idealized imagery. It offered fantasy and escape to both the wealthy and the lower classes. It had the content of today's mass media art: dramatic stories, sex, and violence All of the above.

Los Angeles artist Betye Saar's "Liberation of Aunt Jemima" is an important artwork because:

It is an icon of the Civil Rights Movements of the 1960s. It inverts the media stereotype of the "Happy Mammy." It is an expert assemblage scultpure, a skillful combination of found and created objects. All of the above.

Which nineteenth century figure invented a loom that was controlled by punch cards and has been called a "specialized graphics computer"?

J.M. Jacquard

rene magritte

La Belle Captive includes 77 paintings by Belgian Surrealist

Advertiser Barry Hoffman uses the title "Queen of All Media" to refer to:

Leonardo da Vinci's "Mona Lisa."

California artist Kim Yasuda uses complex installations to:

Negotiate a balance between the personal and the universal.

Alfred Hitchcock

Psycho (1960, 7.39) and The Birds (1963) also have cult status. Both are psycho-sexual thrillers and both were directed by this person. In both cases, beautiful blonde women are first presented as objects of the spectator's gaze, then subjected to intense filmic violence

In his article "Why Johnny Can't Dissent," cultural critic Thomas Frank argues that ads have appropriated precisely the stratgies that were previouslyused to criticize them. What are these strategies?

Rebellion, protest, and nonconformity.

The intense popularity of reality television programs is based on:

The erosion of the division between on-screen and off-screen existence. Scripted situations that are performed by "real" people instead of actors. The reality program participants becoming surrogates for increasingly passive viewers. All of the above. Correct

Post Modern artists have questioned which of the following modernist values:

The focus on white male art production. The privileging of the medium of painting. The focus on formal or stylistic originality and innovation. All of the above.

The most crucial component(s) of advertising's success is/are based on:

The fusion of an emotional experience with the product.

Picasso's 1907 painting "Demomiselles d'Avignon" was inspired by:

The image of prostitutes in a Spanish brothel. The ideas of American writer Gertrude Stein. The painter's exposure to African art. All of the above.

Viewers saw the impact of "background" emerging in television broadcasting in:

The protest outside the Democratic convention staged by Abbie Hoffman and the Yippies. The shots of the moon during the coverage of the flight of Apollo 11. The Tet Offensive of the the Vietnam War. All of the above.

Who said the following? "The uncivilized make little progress because they have few desires. The inhabitants of our coutry are stimulated to new wants in all directions. In order to satisfy their constantly increasing desires they necessarily expand their productive powers. They create more wealth because it is only by that method that they can satisfy their wants. It is this constantly enlarging circle that represents the increasing circle of civilization." they can satisfy their wants. It is this constantly enlarging circle that represents the increasing circle of civilization."

US President Calvin Coolidge.

In discussing television programming, the term "background" refers to:

Unintended glimpses of reality behind the "main event" being televised.

Which noted computer artist created the website "BodiesINCorporated" in which visitors create cyborg avatars?

Victoria Vesna

Thomas Couture's immense painting "The Romans of the Decadence":

Was one of the most popular Salon paintings of the entire nineteenth century. Had cinematic sweep with its over 25 feet wide dimensions. Reveals that Couture was a clever dramatist, a good costume designer, and an adroit stage director. All of the above.

One of the first European artists to practice and theorize totally abstract (that is, totally non-representational) art was:

Wassily Kandinsky.

Pastiche

an artistic work in a style that imitates that of another work, artist, or period.

Collage

artistic composition of materials pasted over a surface; an assemblage of diverse elements

Jean-Michel Basquiat

began his career as a graffitist in New York City and he used graffiti symbols, such as the copyright sign that connotes approval or ownership for taggers, in many of his paintings. Some of Basquiat's images celebrate the cultural contributions of African Americans, among them jazz musicians like Charlie Parker, whose processes of fusion and improvisation Basquiat echoed in his painting styl

Wassily Kandinsky

created the first sustained body of totally nonfigurative abstractions. published an almanac of illustrations and essays called Der Blaue Reiter, which revealed and discussed the sources of their artistic explorations.

The art movement (the participants would have called it an "anti-art movement") which believed that all of Western culture was corrupt and needed to discredited, brought down, and reduced to rubble before any new culture could be envisioned was:

dada

Kathe Kollowitz

developed a form of expressive realism with a strong sense of specific social concern and anguish. She often used the multiple format of printmaking to extend and distribute the message(s) of her images. The Weavers Cycle, a compelling series of prints depicting the 1840 uprising of Silesian workers. As early as the 1811 Luddite revolt in England, weavers had been protesting the mechanization of their craft

Among the many artists who depicted the Mexican Revolution in immense public murals was/were:

diego rivera

The intense colors and shocking distortions of Henri Matisse and his colleagues led critics to label them:

fauves

Kasimir Malevich

he was commissioned to design the costumes and sets for Futurist opera. The theatrical backdrop in black and white triangles inspired him. By 1913 he "took Cubist geometry to its most radical conclusion.His Suprematist Composition: White on White was his statement of absolute artistic purity. A simple white square on a totally white ground, the painting represented Malevich's "Suprematism," the supremacy of feeling over fact

pop art

is an art movement that emerged in the mid-1950s in Britain and the late 1950s in the United States. The movement presented a challenge to traditions of fine art by including imagery from popular and mass culture, such as advertising, comic books and mundane cultural objects.

French Impressionist Claude Monet insisted that the basic content of human perception--and of art--was:

light and color

Which artist(s) focused on Impressionist images of the wealthy and privileged:

mary cassatt

Henri Matisse

was photographically reproduced in a Paris newspaper. Madame Matisse is dominated by shocking complementary values of red and green, ranging from large abstract background shapes to the bright green stripe connecting the forehead and nose. In between the clashing greens and reds are streaks of yellow, blue and purple. The adamantly intense color and shocking distortions of form led the critics to call Matisse and his young artistic followers wild beasts or fauves