Art
What cultural conventions did Robert Mapplethorpe challenge in his photographic portrait of female bodybuilder Lisa Lyon?
the traditional representation of the female nude
In the history of art, with what has the color black been associated?
Goethe associated black with the absence of good, but for African Americans, black is a color of pride.
Which of these pieces best illustrates the use of variety over unity?
Louise Lawler's Pollock and Tureen
Which of these artists created a work titled Pietà?
Michelangelo
Dunhuang is the site of a great collection of early Chinese art that fills the
Mogao Caves.
Artists sometimes choose to paint objects using colors that are not "true" to their optical or local colors. This is an example of the expressive use of
arbitrary color
The Taj Mahal was built by Shah Jahan
as a mausoleum for his favorite wife.
Where is the vanishing point in the perspective analysis of Duccio's Annunciation of the Death of the Virgin, from the Maestà Altarpiece?
at several points in the composition
Jasper Johns chose to paint his image of the American flag to express
his proclivity for things seen but not examined
Leonardo da Vinci's The Last Supper is based on what specific type of perspective?
one-point linear perspective
According to Sayre, what are the three steps in the process of "seeing"?
reception, extraction, inference
Jan van Eyck's Giovanni Arnolfini and His Wife Giovanna Cenami, like René Magritte's The Treason of Images, is concerned with
images that are not literally what they appear to be.
The painting The Treason of Images asks us to consider
images that are not literally what they appear to be.
Lines that create a sense of movement and direction are called
implied lines.
Where is the focal point in the Baroque painting Joseph the Carpenter by Georges de La Tour?
in the child's (Jesus') face
A color's brightness or dullness is called its
intensity or saturation
On Newton's color wheel, colors that lie directly between a secondary and primary are called
intermediate colors.
The author describes Chuck Close's painting Stanley as "layered" pointillism because
it is made of thousands of little square paintings
Max Ernst developed a technique called frottage, which involves
rubbing a sheet of paper over a textured surface
The dimensions of an object, in relation to some constant, such as the human figure, are known as its
scale
Renzo Piano's Jean-Marie Tjibaou Cultural Center is an example of "green architecture." Such buildings are praised for their
self-sufficiency
In the kente cloths of the Asante and Ewe societies of Ghana, pattern is associated with
social prestige and wealth.
In Rembrandt van Rijn's The Three Crosses, how did the artist create a darkening landscape as the eye moves away from the crucified Christ?
by increasing the density of the lines
What is the chief form of Islamic art
calligraphy
What idea was made famous by the ancient Greeks as a model of architectural proportion?
canon
Hung Liu's paintings, such as Three Fujins, rely on contrasts between two very important elements,
carefully drawn structural lines and uncontrolled drip lines
One of the chief tools employed by artists of the Renaissance to show the effects of light is
chiaroscuro
Which of the following is not an aspect of texture?
content
. Lines that form the outer edge of a three-dimensional shape and suggest its volume are called
contour lines.
On the color wheel, blues and greens are usually thought of as
cool colors.
With atmospheric perspective, objects further from the viewer appear
cooler and less distinct
In Enguerrand Quarton's Coronation of the Virgin, the artist has organized the design of the composition to emphasize the most important part of the composition, which is the
crucifix
Paul Cézanne's Mme. Cézanne in a Red Armchair illustrates the artist's strong interest in
design.
What did Jane Hammond use to create Fallen?
digitally scanned and printed images of a leaf
Mary Cassatt has manipulated light and color in In the Loge to emphasize the
division between male and female spaces
When and where was linear perspective first codified (studied, organized, and written down)?
during the Renaissance in Italy
What kind of reading does Kenneth Clark illustrate in his assessment that an ancient Greek statue represents a "higher state of civilization" than a West African mask?
ethnocentric
Hokusai's The Great Wave makes a statement about scale, in part because
everyone in Japan knows the scale of Mount Fuji.
The Starry Night by Vincent van Gogh indicates the power of the artist's
expressive line.
In the Rubin vase illustration, the black shape can be seen alternately as a foreground object resembling a vase or as a background space between two white profiled faces. What is this relationship called?
figure-ground reversal
Which medium is preferred by time-based artists for its high image quality?
film
In the nineteenth century, Japanese prints began to influence European painters, particularly in their
flattening of space between foreground and background.
Which medium did sculptor Dan Flavin employ to transform a room?
fluorescent lighting
In The Dead Christ, which technique does Andrea Mantegna utilize to adjust the distortion created by the point of view?
foreshortening
William A. Garnett took photographs of American landscapes
from the window of an airplane he was piloting
Lines that are loose and free-form are called
gestural lines.
In Pat Steir's The Brueghel Series: A Vanitas of Style, a series of sixty-four separate panels are held together by what category of line?
grid lines
Frank Gehry has been called a postmodern architect, primarily because
he purposely creates a sense of discontinuity by employing variety over unity
Wenda Gu creates calligraphy using
human hair
In the sixteenth century, The Ghent Altarpiece, which represents the divine, was threatened by
iconoclasts
In the sixteenth century, The Ghent Altarpiece, which represents the divine, was threatened by
iconoclasts.
Jan van Eyck's Giovanni Arnolfini and His Wife Giovanna Cenami depicts many objects that have symbolic meaning. The use or study of these symbols is called
iconography.
Van Gogh builds up his lines in thick, bold strokes that possess an almost structural quality known as
impasto
Which element of Matisse's Harmony in Red (The Red Room) creates a visual contradiction to the work's title?
its representation of spatial depth
Alexander Calder's "mobiles," like Untitled, move when air currents move through them, making them
kinetic
While in prison, Howling Wolf made many drawings called
ledger drawings
We know about Vincent Van Gogh's thoughts on his work The Sower from
letters he wrote.
Titian's Assumption and Consecration of the Virgin demonstrates the power of
lines of sight
A picture drawn in perspective that employs a single point of vision is called
monocular vision.
The symbolic hand gestures that refer to specific states of mind or events in the life of Buddha are called
mudras
Because Gianlorenzo Bernini's David tells a story—of David slaying Goliath—it is said to have what kind of sequence?
narrative
In architecture, the enclosing walls of a room create
negative space.
When a work does not refer to the natural or objective world at all, it is called
nonobjective
Paul Strand's Abstraction, Porch Shadows reflects a twentieth-century effort to challenge the viewer's perspective with
odd or distorted perspective
In Deliverance, which technique does Steve DiBenedetto use to create a sense of space?
overlapping images
It pursues wrongdoers at night and punishes them when nails are driven into it.
painting a trompe-l'oeil mural on it.
The range of colors that an artist has preferred to use in a work is referred to as the
palette.
The Impressionists were concerned with rendering
perceptual color
When a painting is so real it appears to be a photograph, it is called
photorealistic.
The artist that painted La Chahut (The Can-Can) was interested in harmonizing complementary colors. The resulting process came to be known as
pointillism.
Chartres Cathedral's rose window best illustrates
radial balance.
The terms "naturalistic art" or "realistic art" are sometimes used to describe
representational art.
Naturalism is a brand of representation in which the artist
retains realistic elements but presents the world from a personal or subjective point of view.
Repetition often implies monotony, yet it also creates a sense of
rhythm
Unlike a Renaissance painting, time-based media like Teresa Hubbard's and Alexander Birchler's Detached Building can utilize the element of
sound
The Taj Mahal is a perfect example of
symmetrical balance.
Artist Artemisia Gentileschi heightens the drama of Judith and Maidservant with the Head of Holofernes by using a technique that comes from an Italian word meaning "murky." This technique is called
tenebrism
Which element of Janine Antoni's Touch, if changed from its position in the original frame view, would break the illusion of flattened space?
vantage point
What is yellow's complementary color?
violet
Which theme connects Paul Strand's Geometric Backyards, New York and Julie Mehretu's Berliner Plätze?
visual effects of perceptual space
When dealing with balance in a composition, an artist or designer is actually dealing with
visual weight.
Hatching and cross-hatching are ways of turning line into
volume
The temperature of Jane Hammond's Fallen, with a color scheme of oranges, yellows, and reds, can be described as
warm.
In a work of art, "content" refers to
what the work means.
Some works of art are created precisely to give us the illusion or sensation of movement. This style of art is called
Op Art.
How is a viewer's experience of the Rubin vase similar to that of experiencing Eliasson's Suney?
Perception changes in response to light.
. In The Treason of Images, the artist combines awareness, creativity, and communication by encouraging the viewer to look closely at an object. The artist is
René Magritte.
Hung Liu studied and taught painting with a strict classical line that is associated with the style of
Russian Social Realism
Why were images in religious settings destroyed in sixteenth-century northern Europe
The Ten Commandments forbid images
What relationship exists between Leonardo da Vinci's perspective system in The Last Supper and the painting's actual location?
The painting's perspective is directly linked to the architectural space of its location.
. In what way can a large-scale work be considered a temporal art form?
The spectator moves through time and space to view it.
How does Mary Cassatt assert a more active role for the woman in her painting In the Loge?
The woman's face and hand enter the space of light used for the male zone.
Why are images traditionally frowned on in Islamic art
The word can be trusted in a way that images cannot
On what basis did a Cincinnati jury acquit the Cincinnati Contemporary Arts Center and its director of obscenity in showing an exhibition of Robert Mapplethorpe' s work?
The work possessed "serious artistic value
Although created for different purposes, Barbara Hepworth's Two Figures and the African feast-making spoon share a similar trait. What is it?
They are both positive forms that contain negative space
How are Rembrandt's Three Crosses and Vincent van Gogh's The Starry Night similar?
They both use expressive line to convey emotion.
We can clearly see the artistic impulse to "give form to the immaterial," to represent hidden or universal truths, spiritual forces, and personal feelings in
We can clearly see the artistic impulse to "give form to the immaterial," to represent hidden or universal truths, spiritual forces, and personal feelings in
When a style of line becomes associated as an artist's work, we say it is
When a style of line becomes associated as an artist's work, we say it is
When each side of a composition is exactly the same, it shows
absolute symmetry
The less representation resembles the real world, the more it is considered
abstract.
In Manuel Neri's sculpture Mujer Pegada Series No. 2, the smooth and rough areas of bronze provide examples of
actual texture.
African masks he saw at a Paris museum
aesthetic.
When an artist deliberately avoids emphasis, we say that the work is
afocal
Claude Monet's Water Lilies, Morning: Willows and Bridget Riley's Drift No. 2 are similar in that both
allude to the movements of water
Jan Vermeer's Woman Holding a Balance is a perfect example of
an asymmetrically balanced composition.
What was the inspiration for Grace Ndiritu's Still Life: White Textiles?
an exhibition of work by Henri Matisse in 2005 in London
How is Sol LeWitt's line in Wall Drawing No. 681 C best described?
analytic
Ben Jones's Black Face and Arm Unit uses color and line in the form of bands, ornaments, and scarifications reminiscent of the facial decorations in
ancient African sculpture.
J. M. W. Turner uses two types of perspective in Rain, Steam, and Speed—The Great Western Railway. What are they?
atmospheric and one-point
. The background mountains in Leonardo's Madonna of the Rocks provide a perfect example of
atmospheric perspective
Paul Colin's Figure of a Woman, surely derived from the artist's association with Josephine Baker, achieved the techniques of chiaroscuro by using
black and white crayon on beige paper
Michelangelo's Head of a Satyr renders form through the use of
cross-hatching.
. In the history of art, the association of good with light and evil with dark was first fully developed by
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
Kazmir Malevich called his art
Suprematism
What might have affected Pablo Picasso's severe style of representation seen in Les Demoiselles d'Avignon
African masks he saw at a Paris museum
Artists are critical thinkers, meaning they question assumptions and explore new directions
African-American superstar divas of the 1970s
Puget Sound on the Pacific Coast was painted by
Albert Bierstadt
SAMO is a name adopted by
Jean-Michel Basquiat.
Sayre states that he believes that all people are creative, but artists possess qualities that most do not. Which of the following best describes these qualities
Artists are critical thinkers, meaning they question assumptions and explore new directions
Which is the most obvious difference between Bernini's David and Michelangelo's David?
Bernini's David is caught in the midst of action.
How is Wolf Kahn's Afterglow I comparable to Willem de Kooning's North Atlantic Light
Both paintings are largely concerned with the effects of light
A friend of Claude Monet described his great paintings of Water Lilies, Morning: Willows in the Musée de l'Orangerie as demonstrating
Brownian motion.
The imagery in Faith Ringgold's God Bless America was inspired by the
Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s.
. How did Michelangelo's David become political?
It was placed in Florence's government square as a symbol of the Republic's freedom from the Medici family
How did Kenneth Clark know of the African dancing mask he disparaged in his television series and book Civilization
He owned it.
In Harmony in Red (The Red Room), Henri Matisse deliberately intended to violate the laws of perspective. Why?
His interests were in things other than verisimilitude.
How does Chérie Samba's Calvary use line to draw a parallel between the painter and Christ?
Implied lines arc over the artist, connecting him with the soldier's imminent whipping.
In the 1660s, who discovered that color is a direct function of light by passing sunlight through a prism and observing the bands of spectrum of colors?
Isaac Newton
that images and words refer to things that we see but are not the things themselves.
Islamic art.
What is the subject matter of Shirin Neshat's Rebellious Silence
It depicts a Muslim woman in a black chador, a rifle dividing, and Farsi text inscribed over her face, showing her as liberated and equal to men.
What is the subject matter of Isidro Escamilla's Virgin of Guadalupe?
It depicts the Virgin Mary at Tepeyac.
There is a contradiction in the appearance of Martin Puryear's Self. What is it
It is much lighter than it appears, because it is hollow.
Why is the stereoscope such an effective means of describing "real" space?
It mimics binocular vision.
What is the function of the nkisi nkonde figure
It pursues wrongdoers at night and punishes them when nails are driven into it.
Jacques-Louis David's The Death of Socrates is set up in a system of right angles on a grid
It reiterates the rationality of Socrates' actions.
What is the metaphorical significance of the feast-making spoon sculpture from the Ivory Coast?
It represents the imagination transforming an everyday object for good
The painting The Treason of Images asks us to consider
that images and words refer to things that we see but are not the things themselves.
In Vermeer's Woman Holding a Balance, a painting on the wall behind the woman depicts
the Last Judgment.
Yoshitomo Nara's Dead Flower contrasts its menacing subject with the use of a heavy outline associated with
the cuteness of a juvenile style.
At the end of the nineteenth century, which invention allowed color to be projected with increased brightness and clarity?
the electric light
The title of Willem de Kooning's North Atlantic Light refers to
the feeling of light.in the painting
In her painting Still Life with Lobster, Anna Vallayer-Coster establishes emphasis through
the manipulation of light and color.
Rudy Burckhardt's photos teach us that Jackson Pollock longed to be involved in
the process of painting.
Proportion is defined as
the relationship between the parts of a composition and the whole.
Beatriz Milhazes's Carambola is based on
the square.
In Frida Kahlo's The Two Fridas, to what purpose does the artist use symmetry?
to explore feelings about her husband's rejection of her
The mission of the National Endowment of the Arts, as defined when it was first funded by Congress in 1967, was
to teach the public how to see and appreciate "advanced art."
Gustave Caillebotte's Place de l'Europe on a Rainy Day is based on what specific type of perspective?
two-point linear perspective