art appreciation midterm

What distinguishes Botero's The Horse from Giacometti's Man Pointing?

Botero creates a horse whose bulging form does not interact with the surrounding space.

How did Eadweard Muybridge capture the animated motion of The Horse in Motion?

He lined up still cameras that photographed the horse as it ran by.

In Saltire Compton, how does Rashaad Newsome combine the iconography of hip-hop culture and heraldry?

He uses photographs of jewelry to suggest "bling" and the saltire motif to recall family crests.

Why is the figure-ground relationship important to the way that we perceive art?

It allows us to organize and analyze the images that we see.

In The Letter, Mary Cassatt's use of three plates to create the colored areas of the print most notably demonstrates the influence of __________.

Japanese woodblock prints

What is one reason that Echelman's choice of netting for Her Secret Is Patience contributes to the viewer's understanding and enjoyment of the work?

Netting is flexible and responds gracefully to the winds in Phoenix, so the work harmonizes with the city and forces of nature.

What distinguishes proportion from scale?

Proportion is the size relationship of parts to a whole.

How is René Magritte's La Trahison des Images an example of representational art?

The subject is a pipe.

How do specialists decide if art is great?

They look for innovation, contextual meanings, and personal expression.

A hemispherical vault built atop a circular or polygonal base is called __________.

a dome

The study of how and why artworks are considered beautiful is called __________.

aesthetics

Before the nineteenth century, artists used the camera obscura to __________.

aid in observation and drawing

Fantasia is an example of __________.

an animated movie

In traditional cameras, a chemically treated plate or film is used as __________.

an image sensor

Which of the following is a characteristic of organic shapes?

an irregular outline

What feature of Torii Kiyotada's An Actor of the Ichikawa Clan suggests swift and violent motion?

angular lines

Builders can span larger distances and support a heavier load in a stone structure by using __________.

arches

Which principle of design is achieved by symmetry or asymmetry?

balance

Which concept varies considerably across cultures?

beauty

Encaustic is an ancient painting medium in which the pigments are suspended in __________.

beeswax

Tempera paint uses egg yolk as a __________.

binder

Which type of film prioritizes international distribution over character development and social commentary?

blockbusters

Medieval masons could replace large parts of load-bearing walls with stained-glass windows by using __________.

buttresses

How do artists achieve the range of tonal qualities necessary to distinguish various textures, masses, shapes, and objects in engravings?

by varying the density of fine lines

The ancient Chinese art of beautiful handwriting is called __________.

calligraphy

The traditional Chinese watercolor technique reflects the belief that painting derives from the art of __________.

calligraphy

A full-sized drawing made as a guide for a work in another medium is called a __________.

cartoon

In painting, pigment most notably provides __________.

color

Which technique uses parallel curved lines to suggest spatial volume?

contour hatching

The juxtaposition of strongly dissimilar elements is referred to as __________.

contrast

Experimenting is a characteristic trait of __________.

creativity

In the Amida Buddha, the abstraction in the hands, chest, and face __________.

dates the sculpture to the twelfth century

The illusion of a third-dimension on a picture plane is called __________.

depth

Henri Matisse's photographs of the progress for the painting Large Reclining Nude exemplify the __________.

design process

Pablo Picasso's studies for his painting Guernica exemplify how preliminary sketches can help __________.

develop the design for a complex composition

Which principle of design produces paths that guide the viewer's eye through a work of art?

directional forces

A digital photograph challenges the inherent truthfulness of the photographic medium because it can be __________.

easily altered with computer programs

Which of the following is a method used by artists to draw attention to a specific area of a work of art?

emphasis

In art essays, the three types of art criticism are used as a method of __________.

evaluation

Regarding Impressionist painting, the drastic shift from negative contemporary responses to their high value in today's society demonstrates that __________.

evaluations can change over time and across cultures

Solidifying clay in a kiln is a process known as __________.

firing

Which theories focus attention on the composition of an artwork and how earlier artworks may have influenced it?

formal

An all-over design created by the repetitive ordering of visual elements is known as a __________. repetition

format

Which of the following is a medium that can be cut, etched, painted, or slumped?

glass

Which design discipline is characterized by the use of words and pictures to improve visual communication?

graphic design

Chris Jordan's photograph from the series Midway: Message from the Gyre is a commentary on the __________.

human impact on the environment

The medium that transforms an entire space into an artwork is called __________.

installation

In art, value refers to the __________.

lightness and darkness of surfaces

Raphael's The School of Athens creates the illusion of three-dimensional space on a two-dimensional surface through the use of __________.

linear perspective

Which of the following is a characteristic of early cinema?

live music

In weaving, fibers are held in place on a __________.

loom

A material and its accompanying technique is called a __________.

medium

Artists distinguish between the individual prints in an edition by __________.

numbering

What type of line forms the imaginary landscape in Martín Ramírez's Untitled?

parallel curving lines and dash marks

What was the first common use for photography?

portraiture

A simple small sketch made for larger and more complex work is known as a __________.

preparatory drawing

At various stages in the printmaking process, artists check on the developing image by making

proofs

In the ancient world, what was the function of most of the monumental art?

public commemoration

The process of aligning the impressions of blocks or plates on the same sheet of paper is known as __________.

registration

Initially, photography was not accepted as an artform because it __________.

required a mechanical device

Frida Kahlo's The Broken Column is an example of art used for __________.

self-expression

Architects are most concerned with the qualities of __________.

space

Much of the world's major architecture has been constructed of __________.

stone

Judging the quality or value of art necessarily involves __________.

subjectivity

In representational art, objects are called __________.

subjects

Artists use implied lines to __________.

suggest visual connections

The peak of technical development of stained glass occurred during __________.

the Middle Ages

In Her Secret Is Patience, Janet Echelman used a cactus flower formed by netting and colored light to symbolize __________.

the desert city of Phoenix

What aspect of the Charioteer exemplifies idealism?

the youthful perfection and dignity

What is the purpose of a primer?

to create a uniform surface

What is the purpose of the nonrepresentational composition of pure color and form in Wassily Kandinsky's Composition VI?

to express the emotional stirrings of the soul

The Taj Mahal was intended to function as a __________.

tomb

The rough quality or surface grain of paper that creates a sense of texture in a drawing is called __________.

tooth

In Going Home, Jacob Lawrence uses abstract figures and objects and color themes to __________.

unify the composition

The appearance of similarity in a work of art is called __________.

unity

Whether or not a work of art appeals to personal artistic taste depends on __________.

value-based assumptions

Which technical innovation in cinema relies on the use of headsets and hand-held devices?

virtual reality

A translucent quality that is appropriate for depictions of water, light, atmosphere, and weather is one reason that artists use __________.

watercolor