Art Chapter 8

Linoleum Cut

A modern development in relief printing. Softer than wood, has no grain, and can be cut with equal ease in any direction.

Lithography

A planographic printmaking technique based on the antipathy of oil and water. The image is drawn with a grease crayon or painted with tusche on a stone or grained aluminum plate. The surface is then chemically treated and dampened so that it will accept ink only where the crayon or tusche has been used.

Screen Printing

A technique in which stencils are applied to fabric stretched across a frame and paint or ink is forced through the unblocked portions of the screen onto paper or another surface beneath.

Relief Print

A technique in which the parts of the printing surface that carry ink are left raised, while remaining areas are cut away.

Artist's Proof

A trial print, usually made as an artist works on a plate or block, to check the progress of a work.

Woodcut

A type of relief print made from a plank of relatively soft wood. The artist carves away the negative spaces, leaving the image in relief to take ink for printing.

Photo Screen

A variation of silkcreen in which the stencil is prepared by transferring a photograph to the stencil.

Etching

An intaglio printmaking process in which a metal plate is first coated with acid-resistant wax or varnish, then scratched to expose the metal to the bite of nitric acid where lines are desired. Also, the resulting print.

Engraving

An intaglio printmaking process in which grooves are cut into a metal or wood surface with a sharp cutting tool called a burin or graver.

Dry Point

An intaglio printmaking process in which lines are scratched directly into a metal place with a steel needle. The scratch raises a ridge that takes the ink. Also, the resulting print.

Aquatint

An intaglio printmaking process in which value areas rather than lines are etched on the printing plate. Powdered resin is sprinkled on the plate, which is then immersed in an acid bath. The acid bites around the resin, particles, creating a rough surface that holds ink. Also, a print made using this process.

Intaglio

Any printmaking technique in which lines and areas to be linked are recessed below the surface of the printing plate.

What does AP mean to a printmaker?

Artist Proof; the one the artist says "this is it". Want the lowest number 1/20 as opposed to 5/20. The closer to the original, the better. The consumer wants the first because the more copies made, the more they tend to breakdown.

Name 3 types of Intaglio printing processes.

Engraving, Etching, Aquatint, and Dry point.

What artist utilized the printing medium for the creation of posters depicting nightclub acts in Paris in the late 19th century?

Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec.

Tusche

In lithography, a waxy liquid used to draw or paint images on a lithographic stone or plate.

Offset

Lithography printing by indirect image transfer from photomechanical plates. The plate transfers ink to a rubber-covered cylinder, which "offsets" the ink to the paper. Also called photo-offset lithography.

What is the name of a planographic printing process?

Lithography.

What is the difference between original print and reproduction?

Original print has value as an original; reproduction is the copy.

What are the methods of printmaking?

Relief, Intaglio, and Lithography.

Name 3 types of Relief printing processes.

Woodcuts (woodblocks), Linoleum cut, and Wood engraving.