art final exam
The significance of the figures on the sumptuous gold Salt Cellar of Francis I has nothing to do with the function of the object.
false
The vehicle and binder are never the same substance in paints?
false
Double Indemnity, a 1944 movie by Billy Wilder, is an example of this genre of mid-twentieth-century cinema.
film noir
This Spanish artist created artworks in both print and paint that depict horrific events that happened during the French occupation of Spain between 1808 and 1814.
Francisco Goya
A piece of thrown pottery is created using this potter's tool.
a wheel
A relief print created out of a solid wood block is called ________.
a woodcut
Which paint material is the newest to be developed?
acrylic
When an artist uses shifts in color, lowers contrast and detail based on the effects of light and air in the landscape it is called _____.
atmospheric perspective
The Nazis' Degenerate Art Exhibition contained work that ______.
attracted a large number of people
Creating visual weight and counterweight is part of an artist's use of the element of ________ in creating a work of art.
balance
The sculptural process in which the artist carves only in shallow depth is called ________.
bas-relief
This printmaking tool is a sharp instrument used to mark the surface of a plate.
burin
Wherever literacy takes hold, ________ usually develops as a form of art that expresses layers of meaning and feelings by means of the shape of the written letterforms.
calligraphy
The ______ was an early form of camera.
camera obscura
This is the specific part in an area of emphasis to which the viewer's eye is drawn.
focal point
Artists can create a sense of ________ by using light and dark values.
depth
This intaglio process is achieved by pulling a burin across the surface of a metal plate, leaving a burr where the ink will collect.
drypoint
Sculptures created using this method often require the movement of large amounts of soil from one location to another.
earthworks
The painting method was once used to paint portraits of deceased individuals which were laid over them when they were buried.
encaustic
Which of these (you may choose one or more) painting processes are made with a binder that also acts as the vehicle.
encaustic oil
This intaglio printing process involves carefully and cleanly scoring a metal plate.
engraving
This intaglio process employs acid to mar the surface of a metal plate.
etching
Psychological analysis of Nighthawks by the artist Edward Hopper tells us that the painter was __________
expressing loneliness
Alois Senefelder was a German playwright and printmaker usually credited with the invention of etching.
false
An artist cannot turn a trash can into a readymade artwork.
false
An artwork can have only one focal point.
false
Aquatint is a major technique for creating crisp distinct lines in intaglio printmaking.
false
Atmospheric perspective is used to model form and show the 3-d quality in figure paintings.
false
Tempera paint dries very slowly so this makes blending colors very easy.
false
The basic, underlying principle of lithography is that oil and water mix well.
false
Egyptian picture symbols are called ________.
hieroglyphics
Which of the listed concepts seems most suitable for creating a calm, restful or placid quality?
horizontal lines
Another name for freestanding sculpture is ________.
in the round
Which of the following (may be more than one correct answer) are components in gouache?
inert white pigment gum arabic Correct inert white pigment Correct gum arabic
The name of this bronze-casting process relies on a modeled original form made from a pliable material. This method is known as ________.
lost-wax casting
The coins we use as money usually have a sculptural design in what form?
low relief
Tibetan Buddhist monks create colored sand images with a radial design. This representation of the universe is called a
mandala
The range of colors that an artist has preferred to use in a work is referred to as the:
palette
Which of these elements helps to create space in art?
perspective light color
A work of art is the product of interrelationships between various art elements and __________
principles
As a concept, the division between art and craft began during this period.
the Renaissance in Italy
The Turkish soldiers in Delacroix's painting The Massacre at Chios are shown wearing turbans because the artist wanted
the Turks to seem exotic and frightening
What element describes the imposition of order and harmony on a design?
unity
When was paper first manufactured in Europe?
13th century
Type is a word meaning "to strike," derived from which language?
Greek
This nineteenth-century French artist is highly regarded for the outstanding layout design of his posters for a Parisian nightclub called the Moulin Rouge.
Toulouse-Lautrec
Which of the following drawing materials is made from burned wood?
charcoal
All sculptures have this characteristic in common:
they exist in three-dimensional space
If a figure in an artwork has drapery billowing out behind it, and appears to have multiple feet in different positions, the viewer might assume that this figure is ________.
running forwards
When a typeface does not have any extra embellishments on the top and bottom of the letterforms,it is called a ______ font.
sans serif
Michelangelo believed ________ to be the finest and most challenging of all the visual arts.
sculpture
The marks that are added to a letterform that were derived from the chisel marks created for words incised on Roman buildings are called ________.
serifs
The Physical Impossibility of Death in the Mind of Someone Living, by Damien Hirst, is an example of the broad range of materials that can be used in a work of art. It presents a ________ suspended in a tank of formaldehyde.
shark
Iconographic analysis interprets objects and figures in an artwork as __________
signs or symbols
Clay that has a great deal of water mixed into it, making it very thin, is known as ________.
slip
Which of the following is not a method of carving?
spooning
The opposite of emphasis is ________.
subordination
This process, which involves carving away material from a surface where it cannot be reapplied, was used to sculpt the Olmec Colossal Head.
subtractive
Which paint process has egg yoke as a binder?
tempera
What is one of the main reasons that the creation of the Olmec colossal heads is so impressive?
they were created without metal tools
f you bought a print with the number 33/1900, what does this mean?
this is the 33rd print of 1900 total print created
If an artist were to create a woodblock print with three different colors, how many separate relief blocks would he or she need?
three
Hatching and cross-hatching use two-dimensional lines to communicate ________ depth.
three-dimensional
These four visual elements of art—form, volume, mass, and texture—are present in ________ works of art.
three-dimensional
Traditional visual arts, such as painting, are inherently static, but artists have always found inventive ways of conveying the elements of ________ and ________.
time . . . motion
When you add white pigment to another color pigment you are doing what to the color?
tinting
African masks displayed in museums were originally made ______
to be worn during spiritual or magic ceremonies
The exaggerated use of contrasting light vs dark colors to play up the dramatic qualities of a given scene can be used most effectively for which of the listed purposes?
to create emphasis
This Greek sculptor wrote a treatise on how to create a statue of a human being with perfect proportions.
Polykleitos
This American artist created a large earthwork titled Spiral Jetty in the Great Salt Lake in Utah in 1969-70.
Robert Smithson
The illustrator Norman Rockwell introduced Rosie the Riveter on the cover of which weekly magazine during World War II?
Saturday evening post
Vertical lines seem to be most suitable for portraying which of the following subject matter.
A group portrait of the members of a Police Department
Paper is thought to have been invented by what culture and when?
China, 2nd century b.c.e
This art movement, of which Hans Arp was a member, valued randomness, absurdity, and nonsense over rational or orderly patterns.
Dada
In 1525, this German master printmaker wrote a manual establishing the first set of rules for the construction of letterforms.
Dürer
In web page design, text that will immediately link to another web page is called ______.
a hyperlink
A sculpture intended by the artist to move is called ________ sculpture.
a kinetic
An empty space defined by its surround is known as ________ shape.
a negative
When light-sensitive film is exposed to light, ______ image is formed.
a negative
Thomas Struth's photograph Museo del Prado 7 is
a portrait of art appreciation
A pattern with regular intervals creates ________ rhythm.
a repetitive
When we touch an object we experience a tactile sensation that artists refer to as ________ texture.
actual
An artist that works directly and quickly, usually in one sitting, to create a painting commonly with bold and loose brushstrokes using opaque colors is called what?
alla prima
Sometimes artists use this kind of changing pattern to make a work more lively.
alternating pattern
A group of prints that are identical and produced in a limited number is called ________.
an edition
The logo that identifies the Ford Motor Company was created using Spencerian script by ______ named Harold Wills.
an engineer and executive
The sphere that designer Saul Bass created for the AT&T logo is not defined by a continuous boundary. This type of shape, which can be suggested by dots or lines that do not connect, is termed ________ shape.
an implied
When a printmaker rolls ink onto a raised surface and presses a piece of paper onto it, the resulting image on the paper is known as ________.
an impression
________ volume is a space that is enclosed by materials that are not entirely solid.
an open
This twentieth-century German artist used the natural grain and splintering of the woodblock to make his work Prophet more expressive.
Emile Nolde
Disney's Finding Nemo is an example of a series of computer-generated images played in rapid succession. This medium is called ________.
animation
The wash-like appearance of Goya's print Giant was created using this process.
aquatint
This intaglio process makes an image that resembles the effect created by water-based media, and uses melted rosin to create an acid-resistant coating.
aquatint
Why would buon fresco be preferable to fresco secco?
It lasts for a long time because there is a proper bond of pigment to the plaster.
Who was the German inventor of the printing press and movable type?
Johannes Gutenberg
In Egyptian art the Pharaoh was almost always depicted in this way.
as the largest of all figures
If an artist painted a street scene with one large building on the left-hand side, and two smaller buildings on the right-hand side, this would be an example of ________ balance.
asymmetrical
________ balance is achieved when two halves of a composition are not mirror images of each other.
asymmetrical
An advertisement for Tyco products integrated image and text by ______.
changing color and size to create a picture
This artist took a urinal, turned it on its side, made some other slight alterations, and presented it as an art object titled Fountain.
Marcel Duchamp
Artists who engage in visual communication design must be well versed in the use of ______ because they must use many avenues to distribute their work.
Media
Glass was probably first used by this ancient culture.
Mesopotamia
The designer and artist Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec created poster designs for which Parisian night club?
Moulin Rouge
Which group of people was instrumental in getting paper from Asia to Europe?
Muslims
The earliest existing printed artworks on paper were created in this culture.
china
Which of these is not an additive process of sculpting?
chiseling
The drawing material that has a fatty or greasy binder is which of the following?
crayons
For his print Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse, Albrecht Dürer hired expert craftsmen to ________.
create the block and cut the lines into it
When using pen and ink the use of layers parallel lines is called what?
cross-hatching
Expressive color is a color approach in which artists never uses random color choices based not on visual observation but instead on the emotional needs.
false
High relief projects out from the background fairly significantly where as facade relief is a kind of relief that only sticks out a tiny little bit
false
If Alexander Calder's Untitled mobile was powered by a small motor, rather than air currents, it would not be an example of actual motion.
false
If an artist does not strike or destroy their printing plates is perfectly fine because this allows later generations to continue to obtain great quality works from this master artist.
false
If an artist wants to create a print with very fine detail and precise, even lines, drypoint would be a good method to use.
false
If you wanted to create a poster that displayed exactly the same information, and could be reproduced in thousands of copies, monoprint would be a good process to use.
false
Kehinde Wiley created abstract and expressive paintings during the first part of the 1900's
false
Leonardo da Vinci was an artist who rigidly stuck to traditional methods and rules of art.
false
Linear perspective is most effectively used for rendering irregular and natural forms rather than man-made forms.
false
Metalpoint involves drawing with precious gold.
false
Picasso was an inventive artist who never used artworks from the past for inspiration.
false
Sol Lewitt worked tirelessly alone on every piece to create the final drawings himself in each exhibition.
false
The principle of rhythm does not apply to photography.
false
Joseph Cornell created boxes that contain compositions of ________ objects.
found
The German word that refers to something in which the whole seems greater than the sum of its parts is ________.
gestalt
Romare Bearden's work The Dove uses an underlying ________ reflecting the city streets to create a sense of order.
grid
The artists Edward Burne-Jones and William Morris believed that society should reject rampant industrialization and restore ______.
hand craftsmanship
The ancient Greeks designed the Parthenon according to the idealized rules of proportion for the human body, creating ________ design.
harmonious
The process of using a series of parallel lines set close to one another to differentiate planes of value in a work of art is called ________.
hatching
The ancient Greek sculptor who created the bronze known as Poseidon (1.136) used this part of the body as a standard unit for proportional measurement in the work.
head
When a Yoruba sculptor created a human form, he or she made this body part disproportionately large:
head
This type of scale is common in the relief sculpture of ancient Egypt, where it was used to indicate social importance.
hierarchical
The chiaroscuro method uses five defined values: cast shadow, reflected light, core shadow, light, and ________.
highlight
The type of line which is the most calm or placid is which of the following?
horizontal
These handwritten illustrated books were created during the Middle Ages.
illuminated manuscripts
The use of thick layered paint is called _______.
impasto
Lines that create a sense of movement and direction are called:
implied lines
This term for plate printmaking means "cut into" in Italian.
intaglio
Which of the following is a printmaking process?
intaglio
A color's brightness or dullness is called:
intensity or saturation
Variety can ________ a design.
invigorate
One advantage of using a metal plate over a woodblock for printmaking is that it ________.
is longer lasting
Indicate which answer is most correct with regard to oil paint.
it ages very poorly, yellowing and cracking
A three-dimensional surface that is designed to be viewed from only one direction is known as a ________.
relief
This type of printmaking is done by carving away part of a block in order to leave a raised surface that can be inked and printed.
relief
To create a color woodblock, such as Hokusai's famous "The Great Wave off Shore at Kanagawa," a printer must produce a new ________ for each separate color.
relief block
If we can recognize the objects or people in a work of art, it is __________
representational
This principle of design arises from repetition of a pattern.
rhythm
Because a form exists in "real" space we can experience it not only visually, but also through the sense of ________.
touch
Both biographical and historical analysis are important for understanding the meaning of Velázquez's Las Meninas.
true
Gouache is opaque due to the chalk added to the mixture.
true
If an artist created a painting that uses predominantly blue, and orange the color harmony is complimentary.
true
If an artist wanted to create an image of a bright moon in the night sky using mezzotint, he or she should smooth the burrs on the surface of the plate for the area of the moon.
true
If you were to carve away the surface of a woodblock, removing the shape of a star, then ink the block and make a print, you would be left with a negative star shape on the paper.
true
Isometric perspective uses diagonal parallels and has been used in China for over one thousand years.
true
Parchment is a thin drawing surface made of prepared animal skin.
true
Pastels, commonly used by Edgar Degas, are considered to be "chalky" drawing material and therefore have non-fat binder
true
Registration is the term used for lining up two or more printing blocks or plates so that their impressions line up correctly on a sheet of paper most commonly to create a multi-color image.
true
Titian's portrait of Isabella d'Este does not portray Isabella as she really looked.
true
n hierarchical scale important figures or holy figures to be drawn, painted or sculpted larger than other figures in the image.
true
n relief prints the printed areas are from the raised portion of the block.
true
The visual form of printed letters, words, and text is called ________.
typography
The tools of formal analysis help us to __________
understand how an artwork was made
An artwork can be described as non-objective if its subject matter is ________.
unrecognizable
The lightness or darkness of a surface is the element of art called ________.
value
This type of image is generated by math-based computer applications often used by designers who create illustrations in digital media.
vector
The element of art that defines the amount of space occupied by an object is ________.
volume
What element of art is most appropriate for describing the empty space within an interior of an architectural form.
volume
Which of the following is not used in encaustic paint?
water
Which of these materials can be used to create a sculpture?
wax stone plastic ice
Which color would be considered an analogous color to yellow?
yellow-orange
The metalworking process called repoussé, used to create the death mask from Mycenae, involves which kind of craftsmanship?
Hammering
This artist creates figurative paintings with lots of dripping oil paint based on photographs of people from the country where she was born.
Hung Liu
This painter creates images of historical Chinese women to explore their "social captivity" and subjugation in oil, employing drips and line to suggest power and control vs. freedom.
Hung Liu
During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries there were many masters of woodblock printing in this country, whose work reflected the lifestyle of an urban cultural class.
japan
Our word ceramic comes from this Greek word.
keramos
This is the art of organizing type, logos, and illustrations in traditional print media
layout design
Benvenuto Cellini, Salt Cellar of Francis I Faith Ringgold, Tar Beach The Portland Vase Peter Voulkos, Gallas Rock Captain Richard Carpenter (Du'klwayella), Bent-corner chest
metal fiber glass ceramic wood
This intaglio process is achieved by roughening the entire metal plate surface with a rocking tool, then smoothing the areas where the ink is to be wiped away.
mezzotint
These prints can be made using any print process, but with the intention of creating a unique image rather than an edition.
monoprint
A design repeated as a unit in a pattern is called a ________.
motif
The art of typography came into existence with the introduction of this invention.
movable type
In Japan, ceramic tea bowls were appreciated because ________.
of their shape, subtle colors, and irregular surface
In ancient Egypt this part of the human body was used as a standard of measurement. Six of these equaled a cubit.
palm
The thin material made up of stalks of plants that are woven together and were historically used for both documents and drawings or pictoral images prior to the invention or availability of paper.
papyrus
The binder in the painting technique, fresco is what?
plaster
This inventor co-created the film Fred Ott's Sneeze, which was one of the first American movies.
Thomas Edison
If an artist painted a garden with one red flower in a field of yellow flowers, this would be an example of using color to create contrast. For the viewer, the single red flower would be ________.
a focal point in the artwork
Stolen art loses much of its value because _____
acking good title and proper provenance prevents its resale
This type of relief, which takes its name from the French word for low, does not imply great depth.
bas-relief
The French artist Pierre-Paul Prud'hon created chiaroscuro by using ________ chalk on paper.
black and white
This method of applying value to a two-dimensional artwork in order to create the illusion of three-dimensional solid form is called ________.
chiaroscuro
The three kinds of unity are:
compositional, conceptual, gestalt
Disparate visual elements can be linked together with a common idea. This is ________ unity.
conceptual
Traditionally, artists in China learned their craft by ______.
copying the art of a great master
Line can be use for which of the following?
create surface quality suggest direction describe boundaries imply movemen
Line can define space by _____________.
creating texture indicating the edge of a 2-d shape or 3-d form creating value
What is the method of value depiction where an artist uses a series of parallel lines?
cross hatching
This use of scale can create an abnormal or supernatural effect, and was used by the Surrealists to do just that.
distorted scale
Abstraction refers to the highly rendered forms, sometimes considered to "fool the eye" because they look so much like the "real" world.
false
An artist would probably use distorted scale if he or she wanted to create a lifelike scene that the viewer could relate to.
false
Photographers cannot be responsible for principles of scale or proportion in their photographs.
false
The element of art that most effectively describes the solidity of form of the Olmec heads is the concept of volume.
false
The elements of time and motion are not applicable to the art of photography.
false
To imply greater depth, the sculptor who created the relief carvings on the outside of the Ara Pacis Augustae carved the figures in the ________ more deeply than those that are in the background, in order to make them stand out more.
foreground
A two-dimensional object is called a shape, and a three-dimensional object is known as a ________.
form
Forms such as pyramids, which tend to be precise and regular, are known as ________ forms.
geometric
It is still not fully understood how the ancient Egyptians created such huge feats of engineering. The ________ form of the pyramids contrasts with the surrounding organic landscape, and shows the Egyptians' power and control over the natural world around them.
geometric
When an artist uses scale to indicate the relative importance of elements in a composition, he or she is employing this kind of scale.
hierarchical
If vertical lines communicate strength, horizontals calm, and diagonals action, then a vacation resort might want to choose a logo consisting of ________ lines in order to show peaceful repose.
horizontal
Which two types of line shape our examination of a work of art by directing the movement of our gaze?
implied actual
An artist might use a small scale for a portrait of a lover because it implies ________.
intimacy
Art is sometimes censored by the authorities because:
it offends people's religious beliefs its sexual content seems pornographic it carries a political message that worries the authorities its moral values seem improper
The Swedish-born artist Claes Oldenburg uses this kind of scale in his sculptures to express admiration for the little things in everyday life.
monumental
In Islamic art it is not uncommon to see complex interlaced __________, which are designs repeated as units in a pattern.
motifs
Shepard Fairey uses which of the following concepts as a strong component of his graphically painted images.
Contrasting negative and positive shape
A sculpture designed in the round can be viewed from ________.
nearly every angle
During his lifetime, Vincent van Gogh ______
practiced as an artist for only ten years
The relationships between the sizes of different parts of a work make up its ________.
proportions
________ balance is achieved when all elements in a work of art are equidistant from a central point and repeat in a symmetrical way from side to side and top to bottom.
radial
If you were to create an artwork by throwing open cans of paint over your shoulder onto a canvas behind you, this work would be an example of ________.
randomness
Using automatic reactions to apply art materials in such a way as consciously to deny order can lead to __________ in art.
randomness
The Italian Futurist artist Giacomo Balla illustrated the rapid movement of a dog running on a leash by painting a series of ________ in order to give the impression that we are seeing motion as it happens.
repeating marks
Western artists since the Renaissance have usually considered ______ to be the highest forms of art.
sculpture and painting
Detective movies of the 1940s were filmed in such dark tones they were referred to as film noir. Filmmakers chose these dark values to enhance the ________ mood of the movies.
serious
When an artist wants to draw attention away from a particular part of the work, he or she uses__________
subordination
By using ________ texture to contradict previous tactile experience, artists can invite viewers to reconsider the world around them.
subversive
This group of artists sometimes used distorted scale to create dreamlike images that subvert our conscious experiences.
surrealists
________ balance is achieved when both sides of a composition look exactly the same.
symmetrical
William G. Wall's print Fort Edward is a vehicle for expressing the artist's thoughts about ______.
the expansion and development of America the beauty of the American landscape the struggles between Native and European Americans
When an artist creates a work that deceives our eyes into believing there is motion as time passes, this is called ________.
the illusion of motion
Hokusai is said to have used a live chicken's footprints in a painting that communicated ______.
the sensations of a fall day by the river
One mode of analysis involves considering political, economical or religious aspects of a work of art.
true
mplied lines can be created with dots, dashes or even letters lined up in a row to give the impression of continuous lines.
true
Compositional unity strikes an interesting balance between the monotony of too much similarity, and the chaos of too much ________ in a work of art.
variety
Frank Gehry's Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Spain, and Louise Bourgeois's sculpture Maman (spider-like form) exemplify many of the ideas of the 3-d chapter. Identify and discuss two elements or principles that seem relevant to either the architect's or sculptor's work depicted in the included image (previously viewed in the chapter). How have these artistic devices been employed, and what effect do they have on the viewer? Write 6-10+ sentence essay to discuss these 3-d elements employed by the artists.
First of all, both the museum itself and the spider-like form have amazing elements of texture. The museum just looks cool and you can imagine what it would feel like even without touching it because of the material it is made of and the lines or paneling also give it some texture. The spider looks so real because of the texture it has been given aswell. It is almost like the spider is real because of all the texture in the legs, and lines have been used to make the legs look like they are moving. The museum itself is also making use of geometric AND organic shapes which is so cool. This is so interesting because generally in architecture geometric shapes are only used. In the buildings that make up the Guggenheim organic shapes can be seen, there are weird shapes and all different sizes that are all connected to make one building. Texture and the use of organic and geometric shapes can both be seen in the architecture of the Guggenheim and Maman which is so cool and interesting to see. Texture and geometric vs. organic are only two of the pronciples used in the Guggenheim as well as the display of both relief and in the round concepts.
