Art History 260 Exam 1, Section one- Art history, Art 105 TEST 1 MINDTAP QUIZ QUESTIONS ch. 1-4, Chapter 2, Art History Chapter 3

Iktinos and Kallikrates, Parthenon

447-438 BCE, Acropolis, Athens, Greece. Greek.

Plan of the Parthenon

447-438 BCE, Acropolis, Athens, Greece. Greek.

Which of the following is not an example of the interdisciplinary nature of 21st-century art historical inquiry?

A costume designer replicates the garments seen in a painting for a play.

Which of the following is not thought to be the function of the megalithic monument at Stonehenge?

A historical memorial

What is the most likely function of the Neolithic site of Göbekli Tepe?

A religious center

Which of the following items was made by an additive technique?

A welded bronze warrior

Where do scientists believe humankind originated?

Africa

Which settlement is associated with the beginning of large-scale, or monumental, sculpture?

Ain Ghazal

Which pharaoh abandoned the worship of the multitude of Egyptian gods in favor of Aton?

Akhenaton

Check My Work What is the seeming contradiction in the paintings of the Chauvet cave?

Although these are archaeologically the oldest Paleolithic paintings, they exhibit advanced painting features and narrative content.

At Persepolis, the style of the processional reliefs depicting representatives of many nations is highly reminiscent of which contemporaneous culture?

Archaic Greece

How was the sole god of Akhenaton represented in Egyptian art?

As a sun disk

What do art historians call the courses of dressed stones used in the construction of the Great Pyramids?

Ashlar masonry

Which people ruled an empire extending from the Persian Gulf to Asia Minor in the first half of the first millennium BCE?

Assyrians

What do art historians call an element such as the winged man, eagle, lion, and ox accompanying the pictures of the four Gospel authors?

Attribute

What is the purpose of the Stele of the Vultures, seen here?

Commemoration of a victory

What pictorial narrative convention is not present on the Warka Vase?

Descriptive inscriptions

Who of the following was not a Fourth Dynasty pharaoh?

Djoser

What is the most famous Sumerian work of literature?

Epic of Gilgamesh

What was the primary purpose of most Egyptian funerary art?

Equating the deceased's existence in the afterlife to life on earth

Which phrase is often used to describe Mesopotamia?

Fertile Crescent

What do art historians suspect is the purpose of the Venus of Willendorf?

Fertility figure

The Eshnunna votive statuettes and the statue of Napir-Asu share what formal characteristics?

Frontality and cylindrical volume

Which falcon-headed god was the son of Osiris and hunted down his father's murderer, Seth?

Horus

Who is the first known named artist, and who was his patron?

Imhotep and Djoser

What was the primary objective of mummification?

Immortality

Phidias, Poseidon, Apollo, and Artemis

Inner frieze, 447-432 BCE, Parthenon, Athens, Greece. Greek.

Why is the inferred purpose of the twisted perspective used to depict animals in the Lascaux caves?

It allows a complete depiction of the concept of the animal.

What does the provenance of an artwork tell the art historian?

Its place of origin

What neighboring kingdom, mentioned in Early Kingdom texts, later conquered Egypt?

Kush

The reliefs from the palace at Ninevah show Ashurbanipal hunting which creature?

Lion

The human with feline head discovered in Hohlenstein-Stadel, Germany, is carved from what material?

Mammoth ivory

What is the most salient feature of the climatic environment of northern Europe around 9000 BCE?

Melting ice

What transitional period occurred just before Europe became climatically, geographically, and biologically much as it is today?

Mesolithic era

In what region did the change from hunter-gatherer to farmer-herder first occur?

Mesopotamia

Which component is lacking from large Neolithic fortifications and megalithic structures?

Mortar

Where is the Apollo 11 Cave located?

Namibia

What was the lifeline of ancient Egypt?

Nile River

What is the title and subject of the artwork shown here?

Palette of Narmer, showing the events of the unification of Egypt

An art historian writing a comparative analysis would most likely focus on the differences in which aspect of the two artists' paintings?

Perspective

Which of the following is an important convention for the organization of forms in a pictorial space?

Perspective

Which of the following sets of terms represent graphical representations of an architectural structure?

Plan, elevation, section

What architectural technique is used at the far-flung Neolithic sites of Hagar Qim and Stonehenge?

Post and lintel

What was the purpose of the Assyrian lamassu?

Protection

What is the name of the sculptural element in the form of a bull shown here?

Protome

Dying Gaul

Roman copy after bronze original from Pergamon, Turkey, c. 230-220 BCE. Greek.

Polykleitos, Doryphoros (Spear Bearer)

Roman copy after bronze original, c. 450-440 BCE. Greek.

Which empire made Egypt one of its province after 30 BCE?

Rome

What is the name of the chancellor/architect-engineer who served during the reign of Hatshepsut?

Senenmut

What is the most likely purpose of the "negative" handprints appearing in some Paleolithic caves?

Signatures

Which statement best describes how these animals are painted?

Some are painted in outlines, and others are filled in with color.

Phidias, Lapith versus Centaur

South Metope, 447-432 BCE, Parthenon, Athens, Greece. Greek.

In what country is the Altamira Cave located?

Spain

Which group is credited with developing the first known writing system?

Sumerians

What does the inscription on the statue of Queen Napir-Asu tell us?

That her statue was intended as a permanent votive offering

What accounts for the similarity of the statue of Mentuemhet to the figure of Menkaure in the statue of Menkaure and Khamerernebty?

The Egyptian canon

What site did Leonard Woolley excavate in the 1920s in southern Mesopotamia?

The Royal Cemetery at Ur

What do art historians now believe was the model for the shape of the pyramids at Gizeh?

The ben-ben

Which bodily features are emphasized in this sculpture?

The breasts and the hips

Which two objects share decorative technique and materials?

The bull-headed harp and the Standard of Ur

What architectural form makes this temple at Hagar Qim especially noteworthy?

The combination of straight and curved forms

Which of the following is not an important milestone represented by the bronze head of an Akkadian ruler?

The figure is an accurately rendered portrait of a known historical figure.

Which is an example of the internal evidence an art historian might use to date a work of art?

The hairstyle of the sculpture belongs to a specific period in Roman history.

What is the most likely explanation for the lack of consistent ground line, the different drawing techniques, and the overlapping figures in the cave paintings of the Paleolithic in Europe?

The paintings were done over many years by many different artists.

In certain eras, such as pharaonic Egypt or imperial Rome, which class of individual had the most influence on the final appearance of a work of art?

The patron

What Middle Kingdom form took on the function of the Old Kingdom mastabas?

The rock-cut tomb

What great human advance accounts for the Neolithic origins of metalwork, weaving, pottery, and simple clay records?

The settlement into organized societies around agriculture

What structure formed the nucleus of a Sumerian city?

The temple

How do the materials of the paintings from Çatal Höyük differ from Paleolithic paintings?

They are made using brushes on a prepared surface.

Which of these choices best describes the animal figures in this cave painting?

They are seen from the side.

Why was foreign trade such an important activity for the Sumerians?

They had few natural resources

Although cylinder seals originally had an administrative use—for specific individuals to verify and secure inventory—what is their value to contemporary art historians?

They provide details of everyday life

What is the symbolism of the crowns worn by the king on the Narmer palette?

They refer to the unification of the kingdoms of Upper and Lower Egypt.

Why did the Sumerians refer to their temples as "waiting rooms"?

This was where priests stood to await the appearances of the divinity

What was the purpose of Egyptian royal portraiture?

To highlight the divinity of the pharaoh

Anatolia, a region that stands between two continents, is a part of which modern country?

Turkey

What is the art historical lesson told by these two portraits of the same individual?

Understanding the cultural context of artworks is vital to art history

What earlier architectural form does the stepped pyramid resemble in form but not purpose?

Ziggurat

Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut

c. 1473-1458 BCE. Deir El-Bahri, Egypt. Egyptian.

Hatshepsut Kneeling

c. 1473-1458 BCE. Egyptian.

Rhinoceros, wounded man, and disemboweled bison

c. 15,000 BCE, Lascaux, France. Paleolithic.

Old Market Woman

c. 150-100 BCE. Greek.

Aphrodite (Venus de Milo)

c. 150-125 BCE. Greek.

Model of the Hypostyle Hall, Great Temple of Amun-Ra

c. 1579-1075 BCE. Karnak, Egypt. Egyptian.

Stele of Hammurabi

c. 1792-1750 BCE. Babylonian.

Nike of Samothrace

c. 190 BCE, Samothrace, Greece. Greek.

Ziggurat at Ur

c. 2100 BCE, Iraq. Sumerian.

Victory Stele of Naram-Sin

c. 2254-2218 BCE. Akkadian.

Woman of Willendorf

c. 24,000 BCE. Paleolithic.

Ti watching a Hippopotamus Hunt

c. 2450-2325 BCE, Tomb of Ti, Saqqara, Egypt. Egyptian.

Menkaure and Queen

c. 2490-2472 BCE. Egyptian.

Pyramid of Khafre

c. 2520-2494 BCE. Giza, Egypt. Egyptian.

Imhotep, Stepped Pyramid of Djoser

c. 2630-2611 BCE, Saqqara, Egypt. Egyptian.

Palette of King Narmer

c. 2950 BCE. Egyptian.

Panel of the Horses

c. 30,000 BCE, Chauvet Cave, France. Paleolithic - Layering of four horses - Act of painting appears to be primary focus - Primarily outline, with assistance from contour and shading (modeling) - created with charcoal - seen on rhinos - One horse overtime, overlapped, 4? We're not sure - Not Trying to create a narrative or story - act of it/ doing it - Making use of contour of the cave walls as well - No brushes found, used either chunks of charcoal or "brushes" made of moss, hair, or hide - Created by one individual - most likely (herzog) - Twisted perspective, changing perspective (profile + ¾ view) - mainly outline - Could have been important to the artist to depict this - Oldest cave painting (Chauvet Cave) - - - People came back over and over

Aurochs, Lions, Bears, Rhinos

c. 30,000 BCE, Chauvet Cave, France. Paleolithic. Water below (could imagine marking a natural feature) layered , one on top of another (not overlapping for space) Not interested in creating a realistic narrative or space Concreations over thousands of years Could be about the act of painting and not the end result Rely heavily on outline with slight shading Twisted perspective, changing perspective (profile + ¾ view) - mainly outline Could have been important to the artist to depict this Oldest cave painting (Chauvet Cave) - People came back over and over

Plan of the Temple of Hera

c. 550 BCE, Paestum, Italy. Greek.

Temple of Hera

c. 550 BCE, Paestum, Italy. Greek.

Kouros

c. 600 BCE. Greek.

How and why does the style of the Amarna period depart from the traditional Egyptian canon?

the curving forms contradicted the rigid lines of the traditional Egyptian canon just as Akhenaton's new religion contradicted the old.